불가사리 추출물의 복숭아혹진딧물(Myzus Persicae) 살충활성

장자영 ( Ja Yeong Jang ),이솔 ( Sol Yi ),정이영 ( Iee Young Jung ),최은현 ( Eun Hyun Choi ),조욱희 ( Uk Hee Jo ),양시영 ( Jung Mi Seo ),서정미 ( Si Young Yang ),김인선 ( In Seon Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2011 한국환경농학회지 Vol.30 No.2

BACKGROUND: Starfish is one of major sea invertebrates that have become a serious economic threat to aquacultural farms in Korea. Much effort has sacrificed to reduce the economic losses of the farms by predatory starfish, including developing and searching biological resources for medicinal and agricultural purposes. In the present study, we investigated aphicidal activity of the extracts from the starfish Asterina pectinifera against green peach aphid. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fresh starfishes were cut into small pieces, homogenized and soaked in methanol. The methanol extracts were centrifuged and the resulting supernatant was subjected to aphicidal activity assays and a series of silica gel column chromatography. More than 70% mortality of aphids were observed by the extracts at a concentration of 1,000 mg/L, exhibiting dose-dependent mortality. TOF-MS analyses detected polyhydroxysteroid as a main aphicidal compound from the starfish extracts. Transmission electronic microscopy could demonstrate that the extracts with polyhydroxysteroid caused aphids death by affecting their epicuticular membrane. CONCLUSION(s): This is the first report of aphicidal activity of the starfish Asterina pectinifera extracts against green peach aphid. Starfish biological resources may be used as a potential candidate for developing a new type natural insecticide.

고 나트륨 섭취 노인의 영양지식, 식습관 및 식품섭취패턴

장자영(Ja-Young Jang),김미정(Mi-Jeong Kim),한지숙(Ji-Sook Han) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.10

본 연구는 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 고나트륨 섭취군을 분류하여 노인들의 식습관 개선 및 영양교육을 위한 사전연구로서 이들의 영양지식, 식습관, 식품섭취패턴을 조사하였다. 65세 이상 노인 135명의 조사대상자 중 42.96%인 58명이 고나트륨 섭취군에 속하였다. 생활습관에서 음주, 간식횟수, 외식횟수, 수분섭취량에서 고나트륨 섭취군이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 자반류, 젓갈류, 장아찌, 조림류, 국물 섭취량, 간장과 소금의 추가량에 관한 식습관 점수가 고나트륨 섭취군에서 유의적으로 높았다. 고나트륨 섭취군의 나트륨에 관한 영양지식 총점이 남녀노인 모두 유의적으로 낮았으며, 남자노인은 나트륨과 인스턴트식품, 나트륨과 인공조미료에 관한 문항에서, 여자노인은 나트륨과 질병과의 관계, 나트륨 섭취권장량에서 유의적으로 낮았다. 고나트륨 섭취군에서 Na index 14의 김치찌개, 된장찌개, 미역국, 멸치볶음에서의 섭취빈도가 유의적으로 높았다. 또한 인스턴트식품을 통한 총 나트륨 섭취량은 고나트륨 섭취군에서 남자노인 1562.49 mg, 여자노인 1227.82 mg으로 유의하게 높았으며, 특히 면류를 통한 섭취량이 70% 이상이었다. 영양지식 점수가 높을수록 Na index 14 점수(p<0.05), 인스턴트식품을 통한 나트륨 섭취량(p<0.01), 나트륨 섭취 관련 식습관 점수가 낮았다. Na index 14 점수에 대해 세끼 식사의 규칙성, 식사량의 적정성, 천천히 식사함(p<0.01) 항목에서 유의한 음의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, Na index 14 점수가 높을수록 인스턴트 국류(p<0.01), 탕류(p<0.01), 죽류(p<0.01), 스프류(p<0.01), 면류(p<0.01), 레토르트류(p<0.01)의 섭취가 높았다. 본 연구는 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 하여 나트륨 과잉 섭취 노인의 특성 및 섭취요인을 진단하였다는 점에서 그 의의가 있다고 사료된다. 이에 고나트륨 섭취군을 대상으로 본 연구에서 드러난 문제점을 도출하여 이들의 영양지식, 식습관, 식품섭취패턴이 개선될 수 있도록 구체적인 대안을 제시하고 행동변화에 중점을 두는 영양교육이 요구되어지는 바이다. This study was carried out to broadly profile the dietary pattern of elderly who consumed a higher amount of sodium compared to lesser sodium consumers. Na index 14, an instant food frequency questionnaire (IFFQ) of 40 items characterizing a high amount of sodium and a food frequency questionnaire of 63 food items that were used in nationwide surveys were adopted for the assessment of dietary characteristics of the subjects. The Na index 14 consisted of food items such as kimchi stew, bean paste stew, cooked spinach dish, seaweed soup, fish stew, roasted anchovy, and seasoned vegetables. Also, the survey constructs included nutritional knowledge and anthropometric measurements of the subjects. Out a total of 135 participants, 58 elderly were determined as the high sodium intake group (HSIG) and the other 77 were the control group, via a formerly validated Na index and sodium-associated dietary habits scale (SDH). Dietary habits of "add salt or soy sauce to foods", "drink up the broth of soups and stews", and "brined fishes and vegetables daily" were among the most significant differences between HSIG and control group in SDH assessment. In addition, the HSIG were less likely to have regular meals, adequate amount of meals, and nutritionally balanced meals than the control, with the differences manifesting more in females than males. Additional findings included that the HSIG possessed a poorer nutritional knowledge and obtained much higher scores on the IFFQ. Taken together, the study urges the needs of nutrition education for the elderly who habitually salt their foods and maintain a less desirable dietary style.

발효 균주에 따른 삼채뿌리 열수추출물의 항산화능 비교연구

장자영,이지은,최은지,최학종,오영준,이성현,김현주,Jang, Ja-Young,Lee, Jieun,Choi, Eun-Ji,Choi, Hak-Jong,Oh, Young Jun,Lee, Sung Hyun,Kim, Hyun Ju 한국식품조리과학회 2015 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.31 No.1

Allium hookeri, a member of the onion family, has long been mainly cultivated for food and medicinal use in Southeast Asian countries, owing to its various biological properties. However, no studies of the anti-oxidative effects of fermented A. hookeri root extracts have been conducted to date. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of different starter cultures on the antioxidant activities of hot water extract of A. hookeri root by using the following five strains: Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterum longum, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, total phenolic acid contents, and total antioxidant capacity were higher in the hot water extract of A. hookeri root fermented with starter cultures than those of A. hookeri root. Among hot water extract of A. hookeri root fermented with starter cultures, fementing with S. cerevisiae showed the highest antioxidant activities. The results of this study provide new evidence of the anti-oxidative properties of A. hookeri root with starter cultures, indicating that it may be highly valuable as a natural product owing to its high-quality functional components.

분화된 3T3-L1 세포에서 수세미오이 메탄올 추출물의 지방분해 효과

차승윤(Seung-Youn Cha),장자영(Ja Young Jang),이유현(Yoo-Hyun Lee),이규옥(Gyuok Lee),이호준(Ho Joon Lee),황권택(Kwon-Tack Hwang),김용재(Yongjae Kim),전우진(Woojin Jun),이정민(Jeongmin Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.6

분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물이 지방의 축적 및 분해에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물 안전범위(0~1000 ㎍/mL)에서 지방대사 관련한 여러 과정을 확인한 결과 600 ㎍/mL 이상의 농도에서 세포 내 지방축적이 억제되었고 특히 지방구 내의 triglyceride 함량이 억제되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과에 대한 기전을 위해 포도당의 유입 억제로 인한 세포 내 triglyceride의 합성감소와 지방분해효소의 활성화로 인한 세포 내 triglyceride의 분해 증가의 두 가지로 확인하였다. 우선적으로 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물의 포도당 유입 억제 효과를 실험하였지만 아무런 영향이 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 지방분해효소 중 LPL을 제외한 HSL과 ATGL의 유전자 발현이 증가됨에 따라 세포 내 triglyceride이 지방산과 glycerol로 분해되었을 것으로 생각되며 이러한 결과는 세포외로 유리된 glycerol의 함량이 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물 1000 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 증가한 것을 통해 재확인할 수 있었다. 하지만 600 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 triglyceride 분해는 촉진되었으나 glycerol의 유리가 유의적으로 나타나지 않은 것은 세포 내에서 분해된 glycerol의 일부가 세포 내 생합성에 재사용되었을 것으로 생각되며 실제 세포 외로 유리된 양을 확인하기 위해서는 보다 높은 농도가 필요한 것으로 여겨진다. 전반적으로 본 실험에서는 수세미오이의 메탄올 추출물이 분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 지방구의 생성을 억제하였으나 효과 농도가 다른 많은 천연물에 비해 다소 높게 나타남으로써 제약으로서의 생산으로는 제한점이 있을 것으로 생각되는 반면 식품으로서 꾸준히 사용될 경우 항비만 소재로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다. The effect of methanol extract from Luffa cylindrica (LCM) on lipid metabolism and underlying mechanisms of lipolysis in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated. The intracellular lipid droplets were stained with Oil Red O dye and quantified. Compared to the control, lipid accumulation was significantly decreased by 19.4% with the treatment of LCM at the concentration of 1000 ㎍/mL. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) level was also reduced by 21% at the concentration of 1000 ㎍/mL. To determine the mechanism for the reduction in TG content, levels of glucose uptake and glycerol release were measured. Incubation of the 3T3-L1 adipocytes with LCM did not affect the cellular uptake of glucose. However, the level of free glycerol released into the cultured medium drastically increased by 24.3% with the treatment of LCM. In subsequent measurements using quantitative real-time PCR, mRNA levels of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) except lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were significantly elevated at higher concentration. These results suggest that LCM partially stimulates the lipolysis through the induction of HSL and/or ATGL gene expression, resulting in the reduced lipid accumulation and increased glycerol release.

랫드에서 사염화탄소로 유발된 간손상에 대한 간조직 추출물 항독성 분획의 개선효과

김종선(Jongsun Kim),장자영(Ja Young Jang),신선희(Sunhee Shin),박동선(Dongsun Park),김은주(Eun Ju Kim),조정희(Jung-Hee Cho),황석연(Seock-Yeon Hwang),권철(Chull Kwon),권지현(Ji Hyun Kwon),황규계(Kyu-Kye Kwang),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2004 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.20 No.3

The detoxification effect of Liver Extract Antitoxic Fractions (LEAFs) on liver injury and dysfunction induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was investigated. Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with CCl₄ at a dose of 1 ㎖/㎏ (20% in corn oil, 5 ㎖/㎏). LEAF-B or LEAF-P, originated from bovine and porcine, respectively, was treated subcutaneously at doses of 100, 300 or 500 ㎎/㎏ (10 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr and 30 min prior to as well as 4 hr and 20 hr after CCl₄ challenge. The rats were anesthesized with intraperitoneal injection of urethane (16.5% in saline, 6 ㎖/㎏) 4 hr following final LEAF treatment (24 hr after CCl₄ injection), and administered with bromosulphalein (BSP) solution (1% in saline, 2 ㎖/㎏). The initial biliary excretion time of BSP was recorded, and the blood concentration of BSP was quantified 21 and 46 min after intravenous administration. Also, blood biochemical parameters related to hepatic and renal injuries in accordance with histopathological findings were analyzed. The biliary excretion time of BSP was greatly delayed by CCl₄ injection, which was significantly attenuated by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and 100 or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. Also, CCl₄-induced delay in BSP clearance was markedly recovered by 300-500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B or 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-P. In addition, CCl₄-induced changes in blood biochemical markers related to hepatic and renal injuries were remarkably reversed by LEAF-B or LEAF-P in a dose-dependent manner. Such effects of LEAFs on liver dysfunction were in parallel with the histopathological findings of the liver. That is, CCl₄ caused centrilobular congestion, hepatocytic degeneration, lipid droplets and immflamatory cell infiltration, resulting in disintegration of hepatic cords. Interestingly, such lesions were attenuated by LEAFs treatment, reducing mean lesion scores from 2.30 in rats administered with CCl₄ alone to 1.75 and 1.65 in animals treated with 500 ㎎/㎏ of LEAF-B and LEAF-P, respectively. Taken together, it is suggested that LEAFs might have protective effects against hepatic and renal cytotoxicity and dysfunction including impairments of hepatic biosynthesis, biliary excretion, metabolism and filtration induced by CCl₄, and that the effecacy of LEAF-P is comparable to that of LEAF-B which is avaliable in clinics.

감초가 랫드의 배ㆍ태자 발생에 미치는 영향

신선희(Sunhee Shin),장자영(Ja Young Jang),백인정(In-Jeoung Baek),연정민(Jung-Min Yon),남상윤(Sang-Yoon Nam),윤영원(Young Won Yun),조대현(Dae-Hyun Cho),김순선(Soon-Sun Kim),이규식(Gyu-Seek Rhee),곽승준(Seung-Jun Kwack),김윤배(Yun-Bae 한국독성학회 2005 Toxicological Research Vol.21 No.4

The developmental toxicity of water extract of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) was evaluated in rats. Licorice extract (500, 1,000 or 2,000 ㎎/㎏) was dissolved in drinking water and orally administered to male rats from 9 weeks before mating to the day of copulation, and to females from 2 weeks before mating to gestational day 19. On gestational day 20, the animals were sacrificed for Cesarian section, and maternal and fetal abnormalities were examined. Licorice extract neither induce clinical signs, nor affect the body weight gain, feed and water intake, estrous cycle, copulation and fertility rates, blood 17β-estradiol level and organ weights of dams. Also, the implantation and development including body weights, absorption and death of embryos and fetuses were not influenced by in utero exposure to licorice. In addition, there were no increases in external, visceral and skeletal abnormalities of fetuses. Taken together, it is suggested that no observed adverse effect level of licorice extract is higher than 2,000 ㎎/㎏, and that long-term in utero exposure to licorice might not cause developmental toxicities of embryos and fetuses.

보리 도정이 Fusarium 곰팡이독소 저감에 미치는 효과

백슬기,이미정,나주영,임수빈,최정혜,최장남,장자영,양정욱,이데레사,Seul Gi Baek,Mi-Jeong Lee,Ju-Young Nah,Soo Bin Yim,Jung-Hye Choi,Jang Nam Choi,Ja Yeong Jang,Jung-Wook Yang,Theresa Lee 한국식물병리학회 2023 식물병연구 Vol.29 No.4

곡류의 도정은 곰팡이독소의 분포에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 보리에서의 도정효과를 조사하기 위해 트리코테씬과 제랄레논 독소에 오염된 겉보리 7점과 쌀보리 4점을 일반적으로 사용하는 도정 비율에 따라 도정하였다. 두 종류의 보리는 데옥시니발레놀과 아세틸 유도체(98.1-2,197.8 ㎍/kg), 니발레놀과 아세틸 유도체(468.5-3,965.1 ㎍/kg), 제랄레논(4.1-274.2 ㎍/kg) 등에 동시에 오염되어 있었다. 겉보리를 67%로 도정한 결과 데옥시니발레놀은 90.9%, 니발레놀은 87.7%, 제랄레논은 93.2%가 각각 감소하였다. 70%로 도정한 쌀보리의 경우는 데옥시니발레놀 88.6%, 니발레놀 80.2%, 제랄레논 70.1%이 각각 감소하였다. 두 보리 모두 데옥시니발레놀과 니발레놀의 아세틸 유도체는 100% 감소하였다. 그러나 보리겨는 도정 전 보리에 비해 곰팡이독소가 크게 증가하였다. 겉보리의 겨에서는 데옥시니발레놀, 니발레놀, 제랄레논이 각각 평균 357%, 252%, 169% 증가하였다. 이와 유사하게 쌀보리의 겨에서는 데옥시니발레놀, 니발레놀, 제랄레논이 각각 337%, 239%, 554% 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 보리 낟알의 외피에 존재하는 곰팡이독소가 도정 과정을 통해 효과적으로 제거될 수 있음을 나타낸다. 그러나 도정을 통해 곰팡이독소가 낟알에서 겨로 집적됨에 따라 보리겨를 인축에 활용하기 위해서는 사전에 독소의 오염 수준을 확인할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. Milling can affect the distribution of mycotoxins in small grains. To investigate the effects on barley, seven hulled barley and three naked barley samples naturally contaminated with trichothecenes and zearalenone were obtained and milled at commonly used rates. Both barleys were simultaneously contaminated with deoxynivalenol and its acetyl derivatives (98.1-2,197.8 ㎍/kg), nivalenol and its acetyl derivative (468.5-3,965.1 ㎍/kg), and zearalenone (4.1-274.2 ㎍/kg). Milling hulled barleys at a rate of 67% reduced the mycotoxins in the grain by 90.9% for deoxynivalenol, 87.7% for nivalenol, and 93.2% for zearalenone. The reduction in naked barleys (milled at a rate of 70%) was slightly lower than in hulled barleys, with 88.6% for deoxynivalenol, 80.2% for nivalenol, and 70.1% for zearalenone. In both barleys, the acetyl derivatives of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol were reduced by 100%. However, barley bran had significantly higher mycotoxin concentrations than the pre-milled grains: bran from hulled barley had a 357% increase in deoxynivalenol, 252% increase in nivalenol, and 169% increase in zearalenone. Similarly, bran from naked barley had a 337% increase in deoxynivalenol, 239% increase in nivalenol, and 554% increase in zearalenone. These results show that mycotoxins present in the outer layers of barley grain can be effectively removed through the milling process. As milling redistributes mycotoxins from the grain into the bran, however, it shows that advance monitoring of barley bran is recommended when using barley bran for human or animal consumption.

초고압 처리가 우유의 미생물학적 및 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향

이지은 ( Jieun Lee ),최은지 ( Eun Ji Choi ),박선영 ( Sun Young Park ),전가영 ( Ga Young Jeon ),장자영 ( Ja Young Jang ),오영준 ( Young Jun Oh ),임슬기 ( Seul Ki Lim ),김태운 ( Tae Woon Kim ),이종희 ( Jong Hee Lee ),박해웅 ( Hae Wo 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2014 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.42 No.3

High pressure processing (HPP) is a non-thermal method used to prevent bacterial growth in the food industry. Currently, pasteurization is the most common method in use for most milk processing, but this has the disadvantage that it leads to changes in the milk’s nutritional and chemical properties. Therefore, the effects of HPP treatment on the microbiological and chemical properties of milk were investigated in this study. With the treatment of HPP at 600 MPa and 15oC for 3 min, the quantity of microorganisms and lactic acid bacteria were reduced to the level of 2-3 log CFU/ml, and coliforms were not detected during a storage period of 15 d at 4oC. An analysis of milk proteins, such as α-casein, β-casein, κ-casein, α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin by on-chip electorophoresis revealed that the electrophoretic pattern of the proteins from HPP-treated milk was different from that of conventionally treated commercial milk. While the quantities of vitamins and minerals in HPP-treated milk were seen to be comparable to amounts found in raw milk, the enzyme activity of lipase, protease and alkaline phosphatase after HPP treatment was reduced. These results suggest that HPP treatment is a viable method for the control of undesirable microorganisms in milk, allowing for minimal nutritional and chemical changes in the milk during the process.

삼채뿌리분말 첨가 김치의 품질 특성

유보람 ( Bo Ram You ),김유진 ( Eu Gene Kim ),장자영 ( Ja Young Jang ),최학종 ( Hak Jong Choi ),김현주 ( Hyun Ju Kim ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2013 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.20 No.6

랫드에서 cyclophosphamide로 유발된 기형에 대한 홍삼추출물의 효과

이예은(Yea Eun Lee),변상국(Sang Kuk Byun),신선희(Sunhee Shin),장자영(Ja Young Jang),최병일(Byong-il Choi),박동선(Dongsun Park),전정희(Jeong Hee Jeon),임숙희(Sook Hee Lim),황석연(Seock-Yeon Hwang),김윤배(Yun-Bae Kim) 한국실험동물학회 2005 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.21 No.3

Effects of repeated treatment with red ginseng extract on the teratogenicity of cyclophosphamide were investigated in rats. Pregnant rats were orally treated with red ginseng extract (100 or 500 ㎎/㎏) for 7 days, from days 6 to 12 of gestation, and intraperitoneally challenged with cyclophosphamide (12 ㎎/㎏) 1 hr after the final treatment. On day 20 of gestation, the maternal and fetal abnormalities were examined. Cyclophosphamide, administered on day 12 of gestation, reduced fetal and placental weights to 70 - 80% and 50% of control, respectively, and induced 80% of malformations in live fetuses. The malformations include cranial defect and exencephaly (80.0%), micrognathia and tongue extrusion (20.9%), edema and hematoma (29.1%), ventricular dilatation (16.7%), vertebral defects (78.6%), costal defects (44.6%), and delayed skeletal ossification (80.4%). Interestingly, red ginseng extract further decreased the fetal weights and remarkably aggravated fetal defects in a dose-dependent manner, resulting in 96.7% of cranial defect and exencephaly, 64.8% of micrognathia and tongue extrusion, 49.5% of limb defects, 90.7% of vertebral defects, 88.4% of costal defects, and 83.7% of delayed skeletal ossification in rats administered with 500 ㎎/㎏ of red ginseng extract followed by cyclophosphamide. These results demonstrate that a long-term pretreatment with red ginseng extract substantially enhance body weight loss and malformations of fetuses induced by intrauterine exposure to cyclophosphamide.