디자인요소 색채, 질감, 형태와 인간의 감정, 감성, 이성이 연결되는 일차적 관계에 관한연구

장아라 한국뷰티아트학회 2021 한국뷰티아트학회지 Vol.19 No.1

냉장 중 품질변화 측정 지표 개발을 위한 냉장고 형태별(개방형 및 도어형) 저장 중 주요 냉장 식품의 품질변화 측정

장아라,송현지,정현우,추의진,이선영,A-Ra Jang,Hyunji Song,Hyunwoo Joung,Euijin Choo,Sun-Young Lee 한국급식외식위생학회 2023 급식외식위생학회지 Vol.4 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of refrigerator type and temperature fluctuations on the quality changes of refrigerated foods. Phycochemical and sensory quality, as well as microbial growth, were measured for various foods stored in open- or door-type refrigerators set at 5℃ during storage. The average temperatures recorded were 11.50±1.14℃ in an open refrigerator, and 6.34±0.97℃ in a closed refrigerator. The average surface temperatures of the food items were 9.60±1.20 and 6.00±0.80℃ for open and closed refrigerators, respectively. Significant changes in color and appearance quality were observed in lettuce, mackerel, ground beef, and cut pineapples when stored in open refrigerators. Ready-to-Eat foods such as gimbap and sandwiches exhibited higher levels of microbiological proliferation when stored in open refrigerators compared to closed refrigerators. Processed foods, such as sterilized milk and packaged tofu, did not show significant differences in quality among various types of refrigerators. The installation of refrigerator doors can effectively minimize temperature fluctuations caused by external factors, thereby reducing variations in food quality. These findings provide essential insights into the quality changes associated with the implementation of refrigerator doors, serving as fundamental data for ensuring optimal food preservation.

Evaluation of microbiological quality and safety of fresh-cut fruit products at retail levels in Korea

장아라,한아름,이소율,조수영,송하나,김단비,이선영 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.10

The risk of foodborne illnesses caused bypathogens could be increased in fresh-cut fruit productsowing to contamination during processing. Therefore, thisstudy was conducted to investigate the microbiologicalquality and safety of commercial fresh-cut fruit products inKorea. Additionally, the growth of Listeria monocytogenesin selected fresh-cut fruits was evaluated, and their growthcurves were analyzed using predictive growth modeling. The mean count of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, andyeast/mold was 3.67±1.73 log10 CFU/g, 1.54±1.01 log10CFU/g, and 3.81±1.51 log10 CFU/g, respectively. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coliO157:H7, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and Cyclosporaspp. were not detected in any of the testedsamples. Only Bacillus cereus was detected in a few samplesat the mean level of 1.72±0.13 log10 CFU/g. Thegrowth of L. monocytogenes varied depending on the typeof fruit; they grew well in non-acidic fresh-cut fruit productsduring storage at 10 °C.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 Drives the Activation and Maturation of Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells via TLR4-Mediated Signaling

장아라,김그린,홍정주,강순명,신성재,박종환 대한면역학회 2019 Immune Network Vol.19 No.2

6-kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6), a virulent factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is involved in immune regulation. However, the underlying mechanism behind the activation and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) by ESAT6 remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect on TLRs signaling on the regulation of ESAT6-induced activation and maturation of DCs. ESAT6 induced production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12p40 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from wild-type and TLR2-deficient mice, with this induction abolished in TLR4-deficient cells. NF-κB is essential for the ESAT6-induced production of the cytokines in BMDCs. TLR4 was also required for ESAT6-induced activation of NF-κB and MAPKs in BMDCs. ESAT6 additionally upregulated the expression of surface molecules CD80, CD86, and MHC-II, and also promoted the ability of CD4+ T cells to secrete IFN-γ via the TLR4-dependent pathway. Our findings suggest that TLR4 is critical in the activation and maturation of DCs in response to ESAT6.

건국대학교 주변 상세규모 대기환경 관리 시스템 구축을 위한 연구

장아리,홍기호,우정헌,최기철,최희욱,김재진 한국대기환경학회 2011 한국대기환경학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.10

공공도서관 공간특성 및 청소년 이용태도 조사연구

장아리 ( Chang Ah Ri ) 한국상품문화디자인학회(구 한국패키지디자인학회) 2018 상품문화디자인학연구 Vol.54 No.-

현재 공공도서관은 다양한 역할을 수행하기 위한 시설로의 변화를 도약하고 있다. 그러나 실제 활용실태를 보면 공공도서관을 가장 많이 이용하는 청소년들이 획일적으로 계획된 열람공간에서 많은 시간 교과학습을 하는 경우가 주를 이루고 있다. 이에 공공도서관의 학습공간은 청소년의 특성과 요구를 반영하여 다양한 형태의 학습환경 계획방안이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 공공도서관 학습공간의 실태와 공간특성 현황을 파악하고 청소년 이용자의 이용특성 및 선호도를 조사하여 이를 바탕으로 향후 공공도서관 계획을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 공공도서관 청소년 이용공간의 공간배치특성 파악과 평면분석, 청소년이용자의 공공도서관 이용특성을 연구 범위로 하였다. 조사방법으로는 현장방문을 통한 사진촬영과 도면파악을 통해 사례조사방법과 청소년을 대상으로 한 설문조사방법으로 이루어졌다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공공도서관의 학습공간인 자료열람실의 평면특성을 살펴보면 자료대출형의 형태가 많은 비중을 차지하는 것으로 나타나 자료열람공간이 부족한 것으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 청소년의 성별과 학령에 따라 학습환경으로서의 공간 이용특성에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 청소년의 전반적인 공공도서관 학습공간의 이용결과로는 주로 학업관련공부를 목적으로 공공도서관을 이용하는 경우가 과반수로 가장 많았으며 학습공간 이용에 있어 자료실에서의 자유로운 개인학습공간 배치 확대를 선호하였으나 이는 사례조사에서 파악된 바와 같이 현재 자료실에 열람과 개인학습을 할 수 있는 공간이 부족한 실태를 반영한 결과로 판단할 수 있다. The learning space for adolescents in public libraries requires various forms of planning. The purpose of this study is to identify the spatial characteristics of public library learning space and to provide basic data for public libraries by investigating users’ attitude and preference. In this study, we analyzed the plan of the space used by adolescents in public libraries and investigated their attitude of using public libraries. For the investigation, we visited a public library, took pictures and identified a plan for case study and conducted a survey of adolescents. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the plan characteristics of the learning space of a public library were mostly material lending types. Therefore, the space for reading materials was found to be lacking. Second, there is a difference in using attitude depending on the sex and school age of adolescents. Third, adolescents use public libraries primarily for academic work related study. They prefer to expand the free study space in the materials room. This is because there is not enough room for reading and personal learning in the current materials room.

OSMU 영화의 태도와 관람의도에 대한 연구 -한국과 중국 차이를 중심으로

장아니,오동옥,이광원,류승완 한국엔터프라이즈아키텍처학회 2016 정보기술아키텍처연구 Vol.13 No.2

OSMU(One-Source Multi-Use) 영화는 기존의 소설, 만화, 게임과 같은 문화 콘텐츠를 활용하여 제작하는 영화를 의미한다. 최근, OSMU 영화가 많이 제작되고 있으며, 흥행에 성공하는 사례 역시 점차 증가하고 있다. 하지만, 동일한 홍보 전략에도 불구하고 국가에 따라 흥행에 큰 차이를 보이기도 하는 등 국가의 특성에 따라 관람객의 선호에 차이가 발생하기도 한다. OSMU 영화를 관람하는관람객 측면에 대한 연구는 상대적으로 부족하며, 특히 OSMU 영화 관람 의도에 대한 국가 간 차이에 대한 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 본 논문은 관람객들이 OSMU 영화를 관람하기 전에 원작에 대한사전지식, 원작에 대한 감정과 홉스테드 문화차원 요인이 OSMU 영화에 대한 태도에 미치는 영향과, OSMU 영화에 대한 태도가 관람의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 중국과 한국 관람객의 차이를 비교하고, 국가 간 문화적 차이에 따른 관람의도의 차이를 분석하고자 한다. Many OSMU (One Source Multi Use) film contents are produced using contents frommany different areas such as novel, comics and others. Since OSMU films are mostly producedin English-speaking countries and distributed to the other countries, preference and reaction ofaudiences of these countries may differ according to their cultural and societal diversity or characteristics. Therefore, in this study, audiences’ attitude and watch intention to OSMU film areinvestigated, especially for audiences of Korea and China. To this ends, influence of previousknowledge and emotion on the audience’s attitude to OSMU films are exploited. In addition,influence of societal or cultural characteristics of Korea and China on the audience’s attitude arealso investigated. Finally, relation between attitude and watch intention of audiences are examined.

Ischemic brain injury decreases dynamin-like protein 1 expression in a middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model and glutamate-exposed HT22 cells

장아람,고필옥 한국실험동물학회 2016 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.32 No.4

Dynamin-like protein I (DLP-1) is an important mitochondrial fission and fusion protein that is associated with apoptotic cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated DLP-1 expression in a focal cerebral ischemia animal model and glutamate-exposed hippocampal-derived cell line. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was surgically induced in adult male rats to induce focal cerebral ischemic injury. Brain tissues were collected 24 hours after the onset of MCAO. MCAO induces an increase in infarct volume and histopathological changes in the cerebral cortex. We identified a decrease in DLP-1 in the cerebral cortices of MCAO-injured animals using a proteomic approach and Western blot analysis. Moreover, glutamate treatment significantly decreased DLP-1 expression in a hippocampalderived cell line. The decrease in DLP-1 indicates mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, these results suggest that neuronal cell injury induces a decrease in DLP-1 levels and consequently leads to neuronal cell death.

공공도서관의 실내공간특성에 관한 연구

장아리(Chang, Ari),황연숙(Hwang, Yeon-Sook) 한국실내디자인학회 2007 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.16 No.6

중국어권 학습자의 종결표현 ‘-(으)ㄹ 텐데’ 사용 양상 연구: ‘후회’, ‘아쉬움’, ‘걱정’의 의미를 중심으로

장아함 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.22

Objectives The purposes of this study were to investigate Chinese-speaking learners’ usage and perception of ’-eultende’, which is used at the end of the sentence, and compared them with the usage and perception of native speakers. Methods First, we looked at the explanation of ‘-eultende’ appearing in dictionaries, grammar books, Korean textbooks, and papers. Next, analyze the usage of ‘-eultende’, which is used in the ending position in the learner corpus of the National Institute of the Korean Language. Last, reveal the usage and the perception patterns of ‘-eultende’, which is used in the ending position of the Chinese learners’ usage through a survey. Results The result shows that first, Chinese-speaking learners could discriminate the semantic functions of ‘regret’ and ‘regret’ of ‘-eultende’. Second, we found that some Chinese-speaking learners confused expressions of regret and expressions of hope. In particular, in the fill-in-the-blank question, Chinese learners responded with the expression ‘-(었/았/였)으면 좋겠다’which is known as expression of ‘hope’, in a situation expressing ‘regret’, and showed a higher usage rate than native speakers. In addition, we also found that there were some Chinese-speaking learners regarded ‘-eultende’ as the speaker's ‘hope’ or ‘wish’ and ‘-(었/았/였)으면 좋겠다’ as the speaker's ‘regret’. Third, it was shown that in a situation expressing ‘worry’, native speakers preferred ‘-eultende’ more than Chinese-speaking learners. Fourth, problems with tense and honorifics were found in the responses of Chinese-speaking learners. Conclusions In conclusion, first, the situation that Chinese language learners consider ‘-eultende’ as the speaker's ‘hope’ or ‘wish’ and ‘-(었/았/였)으면 좋겠다’ as the speaker's ‘regret’ raised the topic of the need for a comparative study of regret expressions for Chinese learners in Korean language education, and a study of discourse and pragmatic discrimination between expressions of regret and hope. Second, it is thought that the factor of the textbook is also an important cause that Chinese learners are not accustomed to using -eultende’, which indicates ‘worry’. At the same time, this also raised the topic of the necessity of integrating the presentation form and explanation of ‘-eultende’.