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한국 전시컨벤션센터의 효율성 분석 - DEA와 Malmquist 생산성 분석을 중심으로
장복문,이지연,김봉석 한국무역전시학회 2021 무역전시연구 Vol.16 No.4
본 연구의 목적은 DEA 분석과 Malmquist 생산성 지수 모형을 통해 한국 컨벤션센터 들의 효율성을 분석, 비교하여 각각의 컨벤션센터의 효율성 점수 비교 및 취약한 부분 을 제시하고, 기간에 따른 전반적인 효율성 추세를 파악하는 데에 있다. DEA 효율성 분석에는 MAXDEA 8 PRO를 사용하였고, 연도별 데이터 평균값을 기반 으로 5개년 종합 효율성 분석, 연도별 효율성 분석을 실시하였다. Malmquist 생산성 분 석은 시간의 변화에 따른 변화 추이를 제공하여 효율성이 감소하였는지, 증가하였는지 를 분석할 수 있다. 분석 결과, 국내 전시컨벤션센터는 수도권에 위치할수록 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타 났으며, 전시장 공급 면적이 넓으면 효율성 점수가 높게 나타났다. 분석결과를 토대로 각 전시컨벤션센터의 상대적 효율성 점수를 확인하고, 개선사항을 도출할 수 있다. 기 존 전시컨벤션센터의 효율성 분석을 통해 향후 전시장 건립 시 고려해야할 사항과 학 문적, 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the efficiency of Korean convention centers through DEA analysis and the Malmquist productivity index model to compare the efficiency scores and present vulnerable parts of each convention center, and to identify overall efficiency trends over time. MAXDEA 8 PRO was used in DEA efficiency analysis and conducted a five-year comprehensive efficiency analysis and an annual efficiency analysis based on the average annual data values. The Malmquist productivity analysis is presented as the Productivity Index (MPI), the Technology Efficiency Change Index (TECI), the Technology Change Index (TCI), and the results of the MPI, TECI, TCI analyses for each convention center are derived over time. According to the analysis, the more closely the convention center is located in the metropolitan area, the more efficient. And if the area of the exhibition hall is large, the efficiency score is analyzed to be at the top. Based on the analysis results, the relative efficiency scores of each convention center may be verified and improvements may be derived.
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슈퍼 듀플렉스 스테인리스강 UNS S32750의 FCA 용접 후 열처리가 공식에 미치는 영향
장복수,문인준,김세철,고진현,Jang, Bok-Su,Moon, In-June,Kim, Se-Cheol,Koh, Jin-Hyun 대한용접접합학회 2013 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.31 No.5
This study was carried out to investigate the influence of a sigma phase precipitation on the pitting corrosion resistance and microstructural change of super duplex stainless steels(UNS S32750). The welds made by FCAW (Flux Cored Arc Welding) were heat treated ($930^{\circ}C$, $1080^{\circ}C$, $1230^{\circ}C$) and quenched. Based on the microstructural examination, it was found that the ${\sigma}$ phase was formed in base metals and welds heat treated at $930^{\circ}C$ while there were little ${\sigma}$phases formed in base metals and weld metal experienced the relatively fast cooling from $1080^{\circ}C$ and $1230^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the most weight loss due to pitting corrosion occurred in base and weld metals heat treated at $930^{\circ}C$. It was confirmed that the pitting corrosion occurred in the phase boundaries of ferrite/sigma and austenite/sigma. The pitting corrosion resistance decreased owing to an increase in Cr, Mo depleted areas adjacent to the intermetallic phases such as ${\sigma}$phases. The hardness was greatly increased due to the precipitation ${\sigma}$phases.
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슈퍼 듀플렉스 스테인리스강 UNS S32750의 FCA 다층 용접부의 용접 후 열처리 영향
장복수,문인준,임명진,김세철,김수성,이정원,박해웅,고진현,Jang, Bok-Su,Moon, In-June,Lim, Myung-Jin,Kim, Se-Cheol,Kim, Soo-Sung,Lee, Jung-Won,Park, Hai-Woong,Koh, Jin-Hyun 대한용접접합학회 2014 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.32 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the effect of postweld heat treatment(PWHT, 930, 1080, $1230^{\circ}C$) on the microstructure, phase formation, pitting corrosion and mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile strength and impact values of super duplex stainless steel(UNS S32750) multipass welds. Based on the microstructural examination and X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that the ${\sigma}$ phase was formed in the welds heat treated at $930^{\circ}C$ in which the ferrite content greatly decreased into 5~10% in the welds. The secondary austenite was formed in the reheated zone of welds and redissolved into ferrite with increasing heat treatment temperatures. The tensile strength and impact values of welds heat treated at $930^{\circ}C$ were the lowest and revealed the brittle fracture surface. The weight loss by pitting corrosion increased with test temperatures. It was confirmed that pitting corrosion occurred mainly in secondary austenite of reheated zones. The postweld heat treatment temperature is recommended to be in the range of $1050{\sim}1150^{\circ}C$.
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슈퍼듀플렉스 스테인리스강 UNS S32750과 탄소강 A516-70의 이종금속 FCA 용접 특성에 대한 연구
문인준,장복수,김세철,고진현,Moon, In-June,Jang, Bok-Su,Kim, Se-Cheol,Koh, Jin-Hyun 대한용접접합학회 2014 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.32 No.4
The metallurgical and mechanical characteristics, toughness and corrosion resistance of dissimilar welds between super duplex stainless steel UNS S32750 and carbon steel ASTM A516Gr.70 have been evaluated. Three heat inputs of 21.12, 24.00, 26.88kJ/cm were employed to make joints of dissimilar metals with flux cored arc welding(FCAW). Based on microstructural examination, vermicular ferrite was formed in the first layer of weld at low heat input(21.12kJ/cm) and $Cr_{eq}/Ni_{eq}$ of 1.61 while acicular ferrite was formed in last layer of weld at high heat input(26.88kJ/cm) and $Cr_{eq}/Ni_{eq}$ of 1.72. Ferrite percentage in dissimilar welds was lowest in the first layer of weld regardless of heat inputs and it gradually increased in the second and third layers of weld. Heat affected zone showed higher hardness than the weld metal although reheated zone showed lower hardness than weld metal due to the formation of secondary austenite. Tensile strengths of dissimilar welds increased with heat input and there was 100MPa difference. The corrosion test by ferric chloride solution showed that carbon steel had poor corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion occurred in the first layer(root pass) of weld due to the presence of reheated zone where secondary austenite was formed. The salt spray test of carbon steel showed that the surface only corroded but the amount of weight loss was extremely low.
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스테인리스강 STS 316L과 탄소강 A516-70의 이종금속 GTA 용접부 특성에 대한 연구
김세철(Se Cheol Kim),신태우(Tae Woo Shin),문인준(In Joon Moon),장복수(Bok Su Jang),고진현(Jin Hyun Koh) 대한용접·접합학회 2015 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.33 No.4
Characteristics of dissimilar metal welds between STS 316L and carbon steel ASTM A516 Gr.70 made with GTAW have been evaluated in terms of microstructure, ferrite content, chemical analysis, hardness and corrosion resistance. Three heat inputs of 9.00, 11.25, 13.00kJ/cm were employed to make joints of dissimilar metals with ER309 wire. Based on microstructural examination, the amount of vermicular type of δ-ferrite was increased with increasing heat input due to the increase of Creq /Nieq in the second layer of welds. Based on the EDX analysis of weld metals, Cr and Ni content in the 2nd layer increased while those content in the first layer of welds decreased with heat inputs. Cellular solidification mode in the 1st layer and dendritic solidification mode in the 2nd layer due to different cooling rates were prevailed, respectively. Heat affected zone which formed hard microstructure showed higher hardness than the weld metal. The salt spray test of dissimilar metals weld joints showed that the carbon steel surfaces only corroded. The weight loss rate due to corrosion increased up to 100hours but it decreased above 100 hours. There was little difference in the weight loss caused by corrosion regardless of heat inputs.
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