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장경희 ( Chang Kyung-hee ),전은진 ( Jeon Eun-jin ),김수현 ( Kim Su-hyeon ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2014 국제어문 Vol.63 No.-
이 연구는 24개월부터 35개월까지의 유아에게서 나타나는 보조 용언을 종적으로 관찰하여 보조 용언의 습득 양상을 고찰하였다. 먼저 조사 대상 아동별 사용 양상을 고찰하였고, 이를 근거로 전체 아동의 보조 용언 사용 현황을 개관하였다. 여기서 관찰되는 특징을 분석하여 보조 용언의 습득 경향을 추정해 보았다. 이 분석 결과에 따르면 24개월에서 35개월 사이에 이루어지는 아동들의 보조 용언 습득은 아동별로 습득의 정도에 차이가 있었고, 성별의 관점에서도 차이가 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 보조 용언 습득의 단계를 구분해 볼 수 있었고, 보조 용언들 사이에도 습득의 전후 순서가 있음을 파악할 수 있었다. 양태 보조 용언 `주다, 보다`가 가장 이른 시기에 습득되는 것을 볼 수 있었고, 상 관련보조 용언들이 늦은 단계에 습득되는 것으로 파악되었다. 보조 용언의 의미 범주별 하위영역에서도 습득 순서에 차이가 있었다. 부정 표현은 `말다 -> 아니하다 -> 못하다`의 습득 순서를 보였고, 피동·사동의 영역에서는 피동 영역이 먼저 습득되는 것으로 파악되었다. This study longitudinally observed auxiliary verbs commanded by Infants in 24 months ~ 35months old to investigate the process by which they acquire auxiliary verbs. According to study, girl is found to acquire auxiliary verb earlier than boy. The auxiliary verb acquired in this age is shown in the four process of acquisition. The negative expression is acquired in the form of `malda -> anihada -> mophada`. In the passive and causative verb, passive expression is acquired earlier. Although girl acquires diverse aspect, boy acquires none. Finally, in expression of modality, `juda, boda` is acquired earlier.
장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 한국텍스트언어학회 2010 텍스트언어학 Vol.29 No.-
In this study, I examined the characteristics and nature of Korean abuses as well as types. The number of Korean abuses is too hard to calculate because they are produced by regular production. They are composed of simple words, compound words, or abusive expressions in modified and conjunctive structures. In Korean there are two types of abusive words, one with features of lower property and the other with features of negative value. I have assumed that most of words with lower property features were developed in the Chosun Dynasty`s vertical society and their function was changed significantly while they were handed down to the modern society. Based on the previous studies and the attack motivation theories, I have defined korean abuse as ``offensive language expressions to despise or threaten the human desire for respect``. The types of Korean abuses were classified into the basic and the reinforced, and both of them were subclassified.
장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 현대일본학회 2016 日本硏究論叢 Vol.43 No.-
2015년부터 영유아 양육신제도가 시행됨으로서 일본의 보육은 크게 변화하고 있다. 유보통합시설인 유보연계형 인정어린이원과 지역형 보육사업이 점진적으로 확산되고 있으며, 보호자의 경제적 부담도 증가하고 있다. 유보연계형 인정어린이원은 3세 미만의 영아를 반드시 보육하여야 할 의무가 없으며, 지역형 보육사업의 기준은 보육소 보다 낮은 수준으로 설정되어 있다. 따라서 대기아동 문제는 앞으로도 지속될 것으로 예상되며, 보육의 질의 저하도 우려되고 있다. 특히 영유아 양육신제도는 보호자와 시설간의 직접계약방식을 기본으로 설계되어, 저소득 가정 아동의 보육을 보장하지 못할 위험성이 있다. 모든 아동에게 동등한 수준의 생활을 보장하기 위해서는 유보연계형 인정어린이원과 지역형 보육사업을 보육소와 동일하게 시정촌이 책임을 지고 운영하는 방식으로 전환하고, 각종 기준도 상향조정하여야 한다. Childcare and education of japan has greatly changed since Comprehensive Support System for Children and Child-rearing in 2015. The numbers of integrated center for early childhood education and care and Municipal-level childcare survices are becoming spread. And the guardian``s financial burden is increasing. Integrated center for early childhood education and care have not legal obligations to care for infants under the age of 3 years old. And the standards of Municipal-level childcare survices are established lower level than childcare centers. Therefore the childrens who can``t enter childcare centers will increase continuously, and are worried about decline in quality of child care and education. Particularly Comprehensive Support System for Children and Child-rearing is based on direct contact between guardian and childcare centers. Therefore maybe children from low income families can not be ensured child care and education. The local authority should be accountable for installization and management of integrated center for early childhood education and care and Municipal-level childcare survices, and must raise various standards.
장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ) 한국어의미학회 2000 한국어 의미학 Vol.7 No.-
This paper deals with responses to a confirmation-seeking question with focus on responding contents and procedures. Various responses to a confirmation-seeking question can be categorized into four types with regard to those two characteristics. The typical responses, affirming and denying responses, can be classified direct and indirect responses as the contents of responding utterance is direct or not, certain and uncertain responses depending on certainty, simples and extended responses based on responding extension, immediate and procedural responses in term of responding procedure. This paper has explained how those affirming or denying responses are performed.
장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ),김태경 ( Tae Kyung Kim ),이경은 ( Kyeong Eun Lee ) 한국어교육학회(구 한국국어교육연구학회) 2015 국어교육 Vol.0 No.148
This study aims to investigate the developmental stages of Korean epistemic modality. The spontaneous utterances of children at 31~43 months of age were recorded in interaction with their mothers for about one year, then transcribed and analyzed. The results show that morpheme acquisition of the modality markers will be preceded to their meanings in developmental processes of Epistemic Modality. The frequent use of the modality markers ‘-지’, ‘-네’, ‘-겠-’, ‘-구나’ was shown in all of 4 children, which means their morphological acquisition was in stable stage. We also investigated the acquisition process of the epistemic modality’s meaning in relation to contextual interpretations. As a result, we found that the modality markers ‘-지’, ‘-네’, ‘-겠-’ were used in diverse contexts as in adult language, whereas the modality markers ‘-구나’, ‘-더-’ were used in limited contexts. We concluded that the acquisition of the epistemic modality’s meaning was still incomplete in this age.
장경희 ( Kyung Hee Chang ),김순자 ( Sun Ja Kim ) 한국텍스트언어학회 2008 텍스트언어학 Vol.25 No.-
This study aims to find out if backchannel practice of Korean has any significant characteristics in variables of age and gender. Following is the results of this study. First, depending on the frequency of backchannel practice, any significant differences were not discovered in age group. However, there were some differences in gender group. Women were disposed to perform backchannel more often than men. Second, the preceding speaker`s utterance length where we prefer to perform backchannel was calculated to be 8 words on an average. As to this aspect, no differences were discovered both among age groups and among gender groups. Third, basing on the types of backchannel performance, the younger primary students prefer to a simple type to show their listening attitude and attention to the preceding speaker`s utterance, and the older students and adults were used to perform backchannel affirming or agreeing to the proposition content of preceding speaker.(Hanyang University)