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국내산 마의 성분비교 및 아프리카 마의 쓴맛 물질에 관한 연구
임선아(Sun-A Im),김영희(Young-Hee Kim),오승희(Syng-Hee Oh),하태익(Tae-Ik Ha),이만정(Mahn-Jung Lee) 한국식품영양과학회 1995 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.24 No.1
각종 마의 성분비교와 아프리카마의 쓴맛 물질에 관한 연구의 결과 일반성분의 함량은 국내산마 중 조지질, 조단백질의 함량은 자연산마가가장 많았고 재배마들은 비슷한 수준이었다. 조회분은 재배장마가 가장 많았다. 아프리카마는 조지질, 조단백의 함량이 국내마에 비해 많은 편이었는데 특히 조지질은 약 4배 정도 많았다. 무기질 성분의 함량은 4 종류 모두 Ca이 가장 많았으며 그 다음이 Fe, Mn, Zn 순이었다. 국내마 중 자연산마가 재배마에 비해 Ca이 특히 많았고 그외 Fe, Mn, Zn 등도 많은 편이었다. 유리당의 조성은 자연산마, 재배단마, 아프리카마에서는 sucrose의 함량이 가장 많았다. 재배장마의 경우는 fructose의 함량이 제일 많았고 그 다음으로 sucrose가 많았다. 유리지방산 조성은 lactobacillic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid의 순으로 많이 함유되어 있었다. Crude saponin의 함량은 국내마들은 비슷한 수준이었으나 자연산마가 재배마 보다 많았고 아프리카마는 국내마에 비해 월등히 많았다 국내마의 saponin 종류에는 큰 차이가 없는 것 같고 각각의 saponin량에는 약간의 차이를 보였다. 아프리카마의 경우는 국내마에 비해 retention time이 9분대인 saponin(‘b’ saponin)이 없고 retention time이 19분대인 saponin(‘e’ saponin)이 상당히 많았다. 아프리카마의 쓴맛은 ethyl acetate층이 가장 강하고 다음은 n-butanol 층이었다. Ethyl-acetate층의 쓴맛 성분 중에는 UV 흡수가 큰 물질이 있을 가능성이 있고 saponin과 phenol성 물질이 있는 것으로 추정되었다. In the proximate composition of the yams of home product, wild yam was most abundant in crude lipid and crude protein, and those content in the cultivated yams, cultivated long yam and cultivated short yam were similar. Cultivated long yam is the richest in crude ash. African yam had more crude lipid and crude protein compare to those of home product yams. Especially, the amount of crude lipid in African yam was four-fold of home product yams. In the mineral content, Ca was the richest mineral in four kinds of yam. The rest of mineral were in order of Fe, Mn and Zn. Among the home product yams, the Ca content of wild yam was higher than that of cultivated yam. The contents of Fe, Mn and Zn were also high in wild yam compared to cultivated yam. In the composition of free sugars, the sucrose content is the highest in wild yam, cultivated short yam and African yam. in order The fructose content was the most abundant in cultivated long yam and the next was sucrose. The composition of free fatty acids were in order of lactobacillic acid, palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid. Crude saponin contents of the home products were almost similar level, but crude saponin of wild yam was more abundant than that of cultivated yam. And crude saponin of African yam was much more abundant compared that of other home product yams. There is not much difference in the kinds of saponin from the home product yams. However, the amount of each saponin from the home product yams was different. In case of African yam, ‘b’ saponin did not appear and ‘e’ saponin was higher compared with home product yams. In African yam, the bitter taste from ethyl acetate layer was the strongest, and the next was n-butanol layer. It is possible that there was a powerful UV absorption material in the bitter taste of ethyl acetate layer and also supposed that there were saponin and phenol is material.
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이문규, 임선아, 송석길, 이청길 충북대학교 약품자원개발연구소 2013 약학논문집 Vol.28 No.-
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accumulate in cancer patients and tumor-bearing mice and suppress the host immune system. MDSCs represent a group of immature myeloid cells that express CD11b and Gr-1. Recently, we showed that the TLR agonist resiquimod, which binds to TLR7 and TLR8, induces the differentiation of MDSCs into mature macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Here we report that the differentiation-inducing activity of resiquimod is blocked by granulocyte mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells, and then cultured with resiquimod for three days in the presence or absence of GM-CSF. Phenotypic analysis showed that the MDSCs cultured in the presence or resiquimod differentiated into F4/80+ macrophages, and CD11c+/Ⅰ-Ad+ DCs. The resiquimod-induced differentiation of MDSCs into mature myeloid cells, however, was almost completely adjuvant for vaccines for patients with cancers in whom MDSCs play a major role in the suppression of anti-tumor immune responses.
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박찬수, 김유지, 임선아, 이청길 충북대학교 약품자원개발연구소 2014 약학논문집 Vol.29 No.-
Human MHC class Ⅱ molecules expressed in transgenic mice is valuable in studying autoautoimmue diseases and xenorejection mechanisms. In this study, we examined the phenotypic and functional characteristic of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) generated from HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. We firstly confirmed that the BM-DCs generated from bone marrow cells of HLA-DR4 transgenic mice (Tg-BM-DCs) expressed the HLA-DR4 molecules (human MHC class Ⅱ) and H-2Kb molecules (mouse MHC class Ⅰ), but not Ⅰ-Ab molecules (mouse MHC class Ⅱ). Functional analysis showed that Tg-BM-DCs produce higher amount of 1L-1βcompared to the control DCs generated from bone marrow cells of normal C57BL/6 mice (Nor-BM-DCs). There was no significant difference in the production of 1L-12, 1L-6 and TNF-α between the two kinds of DCs. Tg-BM-DCs could also cross-present exogenous antigen as efficiently as Nor-BM-DCs. These results show that the antigen presenting cell function of Tg-BM-DCs is comparable with that of Nor-BM-DCs.
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