집속 아르곤 이온 레이저 빔을 이용한 레이저 유도 직접 구리 패터닝

이홍규,이경철,안민영,이천,Lee, Hong-Kyu,Lee, Kyoung-Cheol,Ahn, Min-Young,Lee, Cheon 한국전기전자재료학회 2000 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.13 No.11

Laser direct writing of micro-patterned copper lines has been achieved by pyrolytic decomposition of copper formate films (Cu(HCOO)$_2$.4$H_2O$), as a metallo-organic precursor, using a focused CW Ar$^{+}$ laser beam (λ=514nm) on PCB boards and glass substrates. The linewidth and thickness of the lines wee investigated as a functin of laser power and scan speed. The profiles of the lines were measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface profiler ($\alpha$-step) and atomic force measured by scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface profiler ($\alpha$-step) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The electrical resistivities of the patterned lines were also investigated as a function of laser parameters using probe station and semiconductor analyzer. We compared resistivities of the patterned copper lines with these of the Cu bulk. Resistivities decreased due to changes in morphology and porosity of the deposit, which were about 3.8 $\mu$$\Omega$cm and 12$\mu$$\Omega$cm on PCB and glass substrates after annealing at 30$0^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes.s.

애경백화점 설비설계사례

이홍규,박호용,Lee, Hong-Gyu,Park, Ho-Yong 한국설비기술협회 1994 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.11 No.11

유전 알고리즘의 조기수렴 저감을 위한 연산자 소인방법 연구

이홍규,Lee, Hong-Kyu 제어로봇시스템학회 2011 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.17 No.12

GA (Genetic Algorithms) are efficient for searching for global optima but may have some problems such as premature convergence, convergence to local extremum and divergence. These phenomena are related to the evolutionary operators. As population diversity converges to low value, the search ability of a GA decreases and premature convergence or converging to local extremum may occur but population diversity converges to high value, then genetic algorithm may diverge. To guarantee that genetic algorithms converge to the global optima, the genetic operators should be chosen properly. In this paper, we analyze the effects of the selection operator, crossover operator, and mutation operator on convergence properties, and propose the sweeping method of mutation probability and elitist propagation rate to maintain the diversity of the GA's population for getting out of the premature convergence. Results of simulation studies verify the feasibility of using these sweeping operators to avoid premature convergence and convergence to local extrema.

재활용을 고려한 HDPE/EVA필름의 전계분포 및 체적저항특성 해석

이홍규,임기조,김용주,Lee, Hung-Kyu,Lim, Kee-Joe,Kim, Yong-Joo 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.9

Recently, CV, CN-CV and CNCV-W cable are used for HVDC transmission and distribution cable. However, XLPE which is used as insulation layer of power cable has thermosetting properties. It is very difficult to recycling. In this paper, we prepared HDPE/EVA film, which the blending ratio are 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50;50 respectively for the purpose of recycling. Main factor such as electric field distribution and its resistivity in insulation system affected on insulation performance and reliability for HVDC applications. Therefore, electric field distribution formed by space charge and characteristics of volume resistivity was currently investigated. We suggest the possibility of utilization for HVDC insulation layer from the results.

로보트 시스템의 동력학적 제한 조건과 가변구조 제어 파라메타의 상관관계에 관한 연구

이홍규,이범희,최계근,Lee, Hong-Kyu,Lee, Bum-Hee,Choi, Keh-Kun 대한전자공학회 1989 전자공학회논문지 Vol. No.

가변구조 제어방법을 이용하여 로보트 시스템을 제어하는데 있어서 현재까지는 가변구조 제어 파라메타에 대한 정확한 분석없이 슬라이딩 모드 존재조건 만을 고려하여 임의의 파라메타를 선정 사용하고 있기 때문에 가변구조 제어 방법의 장점을 최대로 활용하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 로보트 시스템 제어에 적용하여 조인트 각과 손의 궤적에 미치는 양향을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서 분석된 결과는 가변구조 제어 방법을 이용하여 경로 궤적계획을 하는데 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다. In the control of the robot system using the variable structure control(VSC) method, up to these days the advantage of the VSC method has not been applied effectively because the parameters are selected arbitrarily by the existence condition of sliding mode without a precise analysis about the VSC parameters. This paper reveals the relation between dynamic constraints and the VSC parameters of robot system, and analyzes the effect on the trajectory of the joint angle and the hand when the analytical result of the relation is applied to the robot system control. The result of the analysis in this paper is applied effectively to the path tracking control and the trajectory planning using the VSC method.

Hy-SMPS의 개발 및 성능평가

이홍규,은희람,이건호,안강호,Lee, Hong-Ku,Eun, Hee-Ram,Lee, Gun-Ho,Ahn, Kang-Ho 한국입자에어로졸학회 2015 Particle and Aerosol Research Vol.11 No.2

Atmospheric nano-particles along the altitude is one of the main factors causing severe weather phenomena. It is a challenge to find the precise particle size distribution. One useful instrument includes a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). This measures the size distribution of submicron aerosols. The SMPS consists of a condensation particle counter (CPC), differential mobility analyzer (DMA), high voltage power supplier (HVPS), and neutralizer. Due to the many components, it is difficult to install a commercial SMPS into a tethered balloon package system (Eun, 2011). In this study, we customized a SMPS for the tethered balloon package system called Hy-SMPS. It is portable, compact in structure, and evaluated by TSI SMPS using mono and poly-dispersed particles.

인체 각질형성세포와 KB 세포에서의 Fas 항체 , IFN - γ , IL - 1α에 의한 apoptosis 유발에 관한 연구

이홍규,황규왕,박영립,김영근,( Hong Kyu Lee,Kyu Uang Whang,Young Lip Park,Young Keun Kim,David A Norris ) 대한피부과학회 1997 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Background: The Fas antigen is a cell surface molecule that mediates apoptosis in many cell types. Matsues group indicated that keratinocytes constitutively express the Fas antigen and apoptosis was induced only on pretreatment with interferon-r(IFN-y) in cultured normal human keratinocytes(NHK). Objective : We undertook this study to determine the induction of apoptosis by Fas antibody alone and/or in combination with IFN y, IL-1a in normal human keratinocytes(NHK) and transitional epithelioma cell lines(KB cell) which had lower levels of intracellular IL-1 receptor antago- nists(IL-1ra ). Methods : We used cultured NHK and KB cells. Each cell was treated with IFN-r, IL-la and Fas antibody for induction of apoptosis. For quantifying the apoptosis, index fluorescent DNA- binding dyes were used. Result: Fas antibody alone could induce apoptosis not only in KB cells but also in NHK cells. The combination of Fas antibody and IFN-r enhanced the induction of apoptosis in NHK and KB cells. The IL-la alone could induce apoptosis only in KB cells which had relatively small amounts of IL-1ra compared to NHK. Conclusion : Our result may indicate that Fas antigen in human keratinocytes can regulate normal epidermal cellular differentiation and proliferation. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(2): 273-278)

세계경제질서 변화에의 대응

이홍규,Lee, Hong-Gyu 한국전자정보통신산업진흥회 1990 電子振興 Vol.10 No.1

설비전용 종합 소프트웨어 CO-ME소개

이홍규,Lee, Hong-Gyu 한국설비기술협회 1994 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.11 No.7

혈액 투석 중 등척성 운동치료와 마사지가 환자의 하지 근력, 균형, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

이홍규(Hong-Gyu Lee),이동우(Dong-Woo Lee),이한결(Han-Gyeol Lee) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2024 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 혈액 투석 중 등척성 운동치료와 치료적 마사지가 혈액 투석 환자의 하지 근력, 균형, 삶의 질에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보기 위해 진행되었다. 만성 신장병으로 투석을 받고 있는 36명의 환자가 대상자로 선정되었고 무작위로 실험군과 대조군에 배정되었다. 대조군은 기존의 투석 치료만 진행하였고, 실험군Ⅰ은 등척성 운동치료를 실험군Ⅱ는 치료적 마사지를 실시하였다. 중재는 8주 동안, 주 3회, 20분씩 진행하였고, 중재 전과 중재 4주후, 8주 후에 총 3회 근력과 균형, 삶의 질을 측정하였다 연구 결과, 실험군Ⅰ, 실험군Ⅱ가 대조군에 비해 근력, 균형, 삶의 질이 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 등척성 운동치료와 치료적 마사지가 혈액 투석 환자의 하지 근력, 균형, 삶의 질에긍정적인 효과를 만들어 낼 수 있으며, 혈액투석 환자들의 라이프케어 증진에 도움을 줄 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of isostatic exercise therapy and therapeutic massage during hemodialysis on lower limb strength, balance, and quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Thirty-six patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and receiving dialysis for more than 3 months were randomly assigned to each of the isostatic exercise therapy group and the therapeutic massage group during dialysis of the control group, and physical therapy intervention during dialysis was performed for 8 weeks, 20 minutes a day, three times a week. Muscular strength, balance, and quality of life evaluation index were measured to verify the effectiveness of each treatment program, and all evaluations were measured three times before, 4 weeks after, and 8 weeks after the intervention. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that experimental group I and experimental group II improved muscle strength, balance, and quality of life compared to the control group. Therefore, it was confirmed that isometric exercise treatment and therapeutic massage during hemodialysis were effective, and it is considered to be good for use as a physical therapy method during hemodialysis in the future. In the future, many studies on various physical factor treatments that can help improve muscle strength and function in physical therapy during hemodialysis should be continuously conducted.