경상좌수영성 의례의 지속과 변화

이창언(Lee, Chang-Un) 실천민속학회 2014 실천민속학연구 Vol.23 No.-

이 연구는 조선시대 해안의 주요 전초기지의 하나로서 해안 관방의 중요한 기능을 담당했던 경상좌수영성의 군사적 의례의 전승에서 나타나는 변화를 살펴보고, 의례 전승에 나타나는 지역적 가치에 대한 인식과 실천의 변화와 관련된 논의를 전개하고 있다. 관방성의 의례는 군사적 요충지로서의 장소적 특성을 반영하는 동시에 생활공간으로서 읍치사회를 구성하는 제 세력들의 이해가 드러나고 조정되는 정치사회적 공간으로 작용하였다. 이러한 의례의 지속과 변화를 다루는 것은 지역사회의 제 이해관계가 거시적인 사회적 변화에 조율하는 과정에서 드러내는 행위자들의 취사선택의 의지를 인식하는 작업이 될 수 있다. 경상좌수영성에서 행했던 둑제의 민간신앙화, 민간신앙의 대상이었던 인물신의 국가제사인 둑제의 신격과의 중첩 개연성, 지역의 주요 집단에 의한 향사의 주관, 최근 관의 지원으로 전승되는 향사를 통해 의례의 지속과 관련된 여러 집단의 의지와 이들이 의례에 부여하는 의미의 지속과 변화를 살필 수 있다. This study focuses on the continuation and change of the national rituals in Gyeongsangjoasuyoung fortress which was one of naval headquarters in the Joseon dynasty. Dukje was one of the national rituals carried out periodically for memorizing the military diety at military bases in the Joseon dynasty. After the reformation of the end of 19th century, most old institutions including most national rituals like Dukje had been abrogated. Transmission basis of Dukje at Gyeongsangjoasuyoung fortress has been weakened after the reformation. Ritual performers has been changed from officials to civilians, as a result the ritual has been transmitted as a form of folk religion. However another national rituals carried out periodically at Gyeongsangjoasuyoung fortress for memorizing 25 martyrs who resisted and died against Japanese army in the late 16th century has been lasted until a few decades ago by the descendant of old ritual performers. Difference in transmission of the two national rituals reflects agents’ choice whenever they should adjust to the macroscopic social change. Because the rituals at military base have not only had their own religious significance but also served as a sociopolitical space which interests of groups concerned had been revealed and adjusted.

LFG 혼합연료의 화염 안정화 특성

이창언,황철홍,김선호,Lee, Chang-Eon,Hwang, Cheol-Hong,Kim, Seon-Ho 대한기계학회 2002 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.26 No.2

In this study, experiments were performed to investigate the characteristics of flame stabilization of the LFG mixing gas. LFG has merely half heating value compared with liquified natural gas but can be greatly utilized as a commercial fuel. In order to use LFG in practical combustors, Webbe Index and heating value of LFG mixing gas were adjusted by mixing LPG with LFG. The comparisons were conducted between CH$_4$and LFG mixing gas for searching the region of flame stabilization based upon the flame blowout at maximum fuel stream velocity. As a result, the flame stability of LFG mixing gas was not improved with that of CH$_4$in non-swirl and weak swirl diffusion flame. However, LFG mixing gas had wide flame stabilization region rather than CH$_4$with increasing ambient flow rate in strong swirl. It was also found that flame stability was affected by included quantity of inert gas such as CO$_2$in the weak swirl but by heating value of fuel in strong swirl.

수치계산을 이용한 LFG 혼합연료의 연소속도 상관식에 관한 연구

이창언,오창보,정익산,Lee, Chang-Eon,O, Chang-Bo,Jeong, Ik-San 대한기계학회 2000 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.24 No.11

In this study, the burning velocities of LFG and LFG mixed fuels have been numerically determined. C3 reaction mechanism involving 92 species and 621 reactions was adopted in the calculation. The computed burning velocities using C3 mechanism show good agreements with experimental data. Based on numerical results, the maximum burning velocities of LFG and LFG mixed fuels were correlated as a function of CH$_4$ and LFG component percentage at stoichiometric conditions. In addition, the correlations of burning velocities of LFG and LFG mixed fuels were obtained over a wide range of the equivalence ratio. The numerical results are well agreed with the burning velocity correlations. The burning velocity correlations for LFG and LFG mixed fuels suggested in this study can be applied to the practical utilization of LFG.

산화제 제어 확산화염의 화염구조 및 NO 생성 특성에 관한 수치해석적 연구

이창언,한지웅,Lee, Chang-Eon,Han, Ji-Ung 대한기계학회 2002 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.26 No.5

Numerical Study with detailed chemistry has been conducted to investigate the flame structure and NOx formation characteristics in oxygen -enhanced(CH$_4$/O$_2$-$N_2$) and oxygen-enhanced-EGR(CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$) counter diffusion flame with various strain rates. A small amount of $N_2$is included in oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion, in order to consider the inevitable $N_2$contamination by $O_2$production process or air infiltration. The results are as follows : In CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$flame it is very important to adopt a radiation effect precisely because the effect of radiation changes flame structure significantly. In CH$_4$/O$_2$-$N_2$flame special strategy to minimize NO emission is needed because it is very sensitive to a small amount of $N_2$. Special attention is needed on CO emission by flame quenching, because of increased CO concentration. Spatial NO production rate of oxygen-enhanced combustion is different from that of air and oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion in that thermal mechanism plays a role of destruction as well as production. In case CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$flame contains more than 40% $CO_2$it is possible to maintain the same EINO as that of CH$_4$/Air flame with accomplishing higher temperature than that of CH$_4$/Air flame. EINO decreases with increasing strain rate, and those effects are augmented in CH$_4$/O$_2$flame.

주기적인 좁은 슬릿을 갖는 소형화된 하이브리드 Rat-Race 결합기

이창언,이진택,김상태,신철재,Lee Chang On,Lee Jin-Taek,Kim Sang-Tae,Shin Chull-Chai 대한전자공학회 2004 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.41 No.12

In this paper, we introduce the concept of ILCTL(inductively loaded compact transmission line) that is new type of compact transmission line. ILCTL was realized by periodic narrow transverse slits working as series inductances in microstrip line. And compact hybrid rat-race couplers were designed by using the proposed ILCTL. The microstrip line hybrid rat-race coupler with silts of 8 per quarter wavelength at 1.8 GHz has reduced size of 60% as compared with conventional one and it is proved by simulation of EM solver with full-wave analysis based on MoM and measurements. 본 논문에서는 마이크로스트림 전송선로에 주기적으로 삽입된 좁은 폭의 슬릿을 이용하여 물리적 길이가 소형화되는 전송 선로인 ILCTL(inductively loaded compact transmission line)을 소개하였다. 주기적으로 부가된 좁은 폭의 슬릿은 마이크로스 트립 전송선로에서 직렬로 부가되는 인덕턴스 역할을 함으로써 전송선로의 길이를 소형화한다. 그리고 이러한 ILCTL을 이용하여 소형화된 rat-race 결합기를 구현하였다. 1.8 GHz에서 구현된 소형화된 rat-race 결합기는 일반적인 구조에 비해 60%의 크기를 가짐을 MoM(methods of moments)기반의 full-wave analysis를 이용한 2.5D EM(electromagnetic) solver의 계산과 제작 및 측정을 통하여 확인하였다.

비정상 CH$_4$/공기 제트 확산화염에 관한 수치모사

이창언,오창보,Lee, Chang-Eon,O, Chang-Bo 대한기계학회 2001 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.25 No.8

The dynamic structures of unsteady CH$_4$/Air jet diffusion flame with a flame-vortex interaction were numerically investigated. A timed-dependent, axisymmetric computational model and a low mach number approximation were employed in the present calculation. A two-step global reaction mechanism which considers 6 species, was used to calculate the reaction rates. The predicted results including the gravitational effect show that the large outer vortices and the small inner vortices can be well simulated without any additional disturbances near nozzle tip. It was found that the temperature and species concentrations have deviated values even for the same mixture fraction in the flame-vortex interaction region. It was also shown that the flame surface is not deformed by the inner vortex in upstream region, while in downstream region, the flame surface is compressed or stretched by the outer vortex roll-up. The present unsteady jet flame configuration accompanying a flame-vortex interaction is expected to give good implications for the unsteady structures of turbulent flames.

주기적인 계단형 스터브를 갖는 소형화된 하이브리드 Branch-Line 결합기와 Rat-Race 결합기

이창언,김원기,김상태,신철재,Lee Chang On,Kim Won-Ki,Kim Sang-Tae,Shin Chull-Chai 대한전자공학회 2004 電子工學會論文誌-TC (Telecommunications) Vol.41 No.12

본 논문에서는 마이크로스트립 전송선로에 주기적으로 계단형 스터브를 부가하여 물리적 길이를 소형화시킨 마이크로스트립 전송선로를 나타내었다. 주기적인 계단형 스터브는 quasi-static analysis와 전송선 이론을 바탕으로 한 등가모델로 병렬로 부가된 커패시턴스 역할을 함을 보였으며, 기존의 일반 스터브를 이용한 경우보다 짧은 길이의 스터브로 높은 커패시턴스 부가 효과를 얻을 수 있음을 보였다. 그리고 이러한 선로를 이용하여 소형화된 branch-line 결합기와 rat-race결합기를 설계하였다. 1.8 ㎓에서 구현된 각각의 결합기는 677 ㎟, 913 ㎟으로 일반적인 결합기에 비해 그 크기가 62%, 45%로 다른 소자의 부가 없이 단지 전송선로의 변형만을 통해 매우 효과적으로 축소되었다. In this paper, we introduce the advanced compact transmission line with periodic stepped stubs. They are more effective than normal stubs in ATL. The short stepped stubs loading of transmission line work as effective shunt capacitance and that was proved by equivalent circuit based on transmission line theory and quasi-static analysis. And the compact branch-line coupler and the compact rat-race coupler via proposed compact microstrip line were designed at 1.8 ㎓. They have 677 ㎟ and 913 ㎟, respectively, and they are 62% and 45% of normal design.

GT-POWER를 이용한 신형 로터리 엔진의 1D 해석 모델 개발

박영준(Youngjoon Park),박태준(Taejoon Park),이창언(Chang-Eon Lee) 한국연소학회 2020 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.2020 No.9

This study develops 1D CFD simulation models for a new rotary engine originated from a three-lobes Gerotor pump(GP3 RTE). The models consider unique characteristics of GP3 RTE such as effective-area variations. The models are compared to identify each parameter effect and validated by comparing to 3D CFD result. The most advanced model well predict the performance indexes. The model may allow as a convenient tool for getting basic informations on optimizing design parameters of GP3 RTE without time-consuming 3D design change.

GT-POWER를 이용한 신형 로터리 엔진의 1D 해석 모델 개발

박영준(Youngjoon Park),박태준(Taejoon Park),이창언(Chang-Eon Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2021 한국 자동차공학회논문집 Vol.29 No.1

In this study, 1D CFD simulation models are developed by using GT-POWER for a new rotary engine, which originated from a three-lobe gerotor pump(GP3 RTE). The unique characteristics of the GP3 rotary engine, such as the effective area variations of intake/exhaust windows and ports, are taken into consideration for the models. The models are compared in order to identify the effects of each parameter, and validated by comparing with the 3D CFD result. The most advanced model predicts the performance of the GP3 RTE in terms of trapped fuel mass, indicated power, indicated efficiency, and fraction of EGR almost the same as the CONVERGE model. The model may be used as a powerful and convenient tool for obtaining basic information on unique behavior and optimizing the design parameters of GP3 RTE without a time-consuming 3D design change.

열교환기 위치에 따른 NOx 및 CO 생성특성

김종민(Jong-Min Kim),이승로(Seungro Lee),금성민(Sung-Min Kum),이호연(Ho-Yeon Lee),윤희중(Hee-Jung Yun),이창언(Chang-Eon Lee) 한국연소학회 2009 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.- No.38

Recently, strict pollutant regulations of NOx emission and increasing awareness of the environmental damage stimulated interest in research to obtain useful information regarding CO and NOx reductions at the same time. In this study, Premixed flame was experiment to reduce CO and NOx emission level by heat exchanger location in which burner and first heat location distance(L₁) and first and second heat location(L₂) changed. To reduce the NOx emission, first heat exchanger location(L₁) was decided near the flame. After first heat exchanger(L₁) was decided for the optimal NOx emission(about 30 ppm), in order to decide the optimal CO emission(about 30ppm), seocond heat exchanger location(L₂) was tested and decided for several cases. Finally, the optimal location of heat exchanger for minimal CO and NOx emission simultaneously was determined and suggested.