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신문 사설에서의 이념 표현에 대한 언어학적 분석 : ‘국가보안법’폐지에 대한 논쟁의 경우
이원표(Lee Won-pyo) 한국사회언어학회 2005 사회언어학 Vol.13 No.1
This article explores how the conflicting ideological positions of two leading Korean newspapers, Chosun Ilbo and Hankyoreh Shinmun, are linguistically represented in the editorials dealing with the recent controversy concerning the abolition of the 'National Security Laws'. Within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, this article examines topics and key values at the macro-level, as well as transitivity, reference to and predications about actors, and rhetorical strategies at the micro-level. This study reveals that there are important qualitative and Quantitative differences at each level between the two newspapers, and argues that, in keeping with the 'ideological square' of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation suggested by van Dijk (2000), these differences can be seen as reflecting and reconstructing the two newspapers' institutional identities as mass media representing conservatism and liberalism, respectively.
이원표(Lee Won-Pyo) 담화·인지언어학회 2005 담화와 인지 Vol.12 No.2
This article investigates how direct quotations are used in the editorials of two Korean newspapers, drawing on Bakhtin's notion of dialogicality. Recent research on the discourse functions of quotations has emphasized their genre-specificity, but newspaper editorials have yet to be analyzed. This study shows that direct quotations are recontextualized in the editorials to create textuality and to produce semantic and pragmatic transformations of the quotes that voice the ideology of each newspaper. With respect to textuality, it is suggested that direct quotations function to establish sentence/discourse topics (Ochs & Schieffelin 1976), and to create units for different kinds of rhetorical structure (Mann & Thompson 1988). The semantic and pragmatic transformations of quotations include the editorialist's subjective characterizations of the speech verbs, as well as interpretations, summaries, and paraphrases/repetitions, and generalization of the source of the quotes. A clearer picture of the ideological functions of the direct quotations is provided by quantitative analyses of the correlation between the direct quotes and discourse structure of editorials (Bolivar 1994), and of the positive/negative evaluation of the source of the quotes or a third party (van Dijk 2000). The paper concludes with a summary of the analysis and some theoretical implications related to genre, coherence, and 'participant framework' (Coffman 1981).
‘친박연대’의 혼성적 정치 정체성에 대한 비평적 담화분석
이원표(Lee Won Pyo) 담화·인지언어학회 2010 담화와 인지 Vol.17 No.3
Within the framework of critical discourse analysis, this article examines the hybrid political identities of 'Chinbakyentay', a small political party in South Korea, using 144 of its official political commentaries as the primary data. On the basis of the "social constructive approach" to identity (Ochs 1993), systemic functional grammar (Halliday 1995), and Jenkin's (1996) claim that "emphasizing differences from others as well as similarities to others are key aspects of the human business of carving out a self identity" (Grad & Rojo 2008:12), this article proposes the (ⅰ) "Park Keun-Hye party", (ⅱ) "opposition party" and (ⅲ) "conservative government party" as the three political identities of 'Chinbakyentay', and discusses their respective key values, major social/political issues, and the linguistic/discoursal strategies accordingly. Specifically, for the first political identity, values of "principle" and "reliability" were consistently emphasized or presupposed, and polarization of "positive self-presentation" vs. "negative other-presentation" was found in reference to and predication about different social actors mentioned in the commentaries. For the second identity, "democracy" emerges as the underlying core value, and "delegitimation" (van Leeuwen 2007) as a basic linguistic/discoursal strategy to attack the various policies or performances by the president or government. With regard to the last political identity, "national security" and "national interests" appear to be the essential criteria by which 'Chinbakyentay' determines its attitude toward the government and other countries. In addition, strategies of "avoidance" and "perpetuation" (Wodak et al. 1999) are applied in an attempt to construct a national identity congruent with its ideology. This article concludes with some discussion about the matter of "more basic or real" identities and the possibility of manipulation of political identities, related to the fact that 'Chinbakyentay' declared to merge with an existing government party recently.