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이용상,신동광,김현정 이중언어학회 2022 이중언어학 Vol.86 No.-
Lee, Yongsang·Shin, Dongkwang·Kim, Hyungjung. 2022. 3. 30. Exploring the Feasibility in Applying an Automated Essay Scoring to a writing test of Korean language. Bilingual Research 86, 00-00. The present study aimed at exploring the feasibility of the automated scoring in a writing test of Korean language. To this end, a scoring model was constructed and score prediction was performed by utilizing machine learning based on writing responses and their scoring data from the pesudo-test of Sejong Korean language Assessment (SKA). Random Forest, one of the representative supervised learning algorithms, was used for this machine learning, and the performance of the scoring model was validated in terms of ‘Accuracy,’ ‘Precision,’ ‘Recall,’ ‘F1,’ and ‘Kappa’ values. As a result, the performance of the scoring model in the two scoring domains of 'language use' and 'content' was good even though the data size for machine learning in this study was very small and the scoring rubric was not customized for the SKA writing test items. This results showed very positive implications for applying an automated scoring to the SKA writing test. In particular, the correlation between scores predicted by the automated scoring model and given by the human rater was smaller than that between scores by two human raters, however, the difference of the two groups was just about .10, which might be overcome by using a larger amount of data for machine learning and customizing automated scoring features.(Inha University, Gwangju University of Education, King Sejong Institute Foundation) 이용상・신동광・김현정. 2022. 3. 30. 한국어 쓰기 평가를 위한 자동채점의 가능성 탐색. 이중언어학 86, 00-00. 본 연구에서는 SKA 쓰기 자동채점의 가능성을 탐색하기 위해 SKA 예비 평가 답안 및 채점 자료를 활용하여 기계학습을 통한 채점 모형 구축 및 점수 예측을 실시하였다. 기계학습은 대표적 지도학습 알고리듬 중 하나인 랜덤 포레스트를 사용하였으며, 채점 모형의 성능은 정확도, 정밀도, 재현율, F1, 카파 값을 통해 비교하였다. 연구 결과 채점 영역 중 ‘언어사용’ 영역과 ‘내용’ 영역에서의 채점 모형의 성능은 양호하게 나타났으며 이는 본 연구에서 활용한 기계학습에 대한 데이터가 매우 적고, SKA 쓰기 시험 문항에 특화된 채점 자질이 개발되지 않았음에도 불구하고 도출된 결과로 매우 고무적이라 할 수 있다. 특히 본 연구의 채점 모형을 이용하여 예측한 점수와 채점자가 부여한 점수 간의 상관 분석 결과, 두명의 채점자가 부여한 점수 간에 상관보다는 작게 나타났으나 그 차이가 약 .10 정도로 향후 충분한 기계학습용 데이터 확보와 채점 자질 최적화 그리고 채점 모형의 정교화를 통해 충분히 극복될 수 있는 수준인 것으로 판단된다.(인하대학교・광주교육대학교・세종학당재단)
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Vocabulary Size of Korean EFL University Learners: Using an Item Response Theory Model
이용상,전유아,신동광 한국영어어문교육학회 2012 영어어문교육 Vol.18 No.1
While noticing that there is insufficient interest in the assessment of EFL learners’ vocabulary levels or sizes, the researchers developed two tests identical in form (Forms A and B) to assess the lexical knowledge of Korean university learners at the 1st ~ 10th 1,000 word bands by adapting a pre-established vocabulary levels test (VLT). Of equal concern was to investigate if the VLT was equally a valid and reliable instrument to be used on measuring the lexical knowledge of EFL learners. The participants were 804 university freshmen enrolled in a General Education English Course from four different colleges. The learners were asked to respond to either Form A or B. While scores generally fell towards the lower frequency bands, multiple regression found the Korean College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT) to be a significant variable for predicting the learners’ vocabulary sizes. From a methodological perspective, however, noticeable differences between Forms A and B could be found with item response theory analysis. The findings of the study provide suggestions on how future VLT for testing EFL learners may have to be redesigned.
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이용상 한국철도학회 2004 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.7 No.4
In this paper, I illustrate the situations and problems rail industry is faced with. The rail industry has been suffering deficiency in investment with low technical level. Lacks of strategic marketing plans and low competitiveness in the industry led to a small portion of modal share, estimated at 12.6% in 2001(person base). Recently, rail industry has caught up with the current flow of changes. For example, a prototype of Korea high speed train had been manufactured to be successfully tested on commercial track. And the amount of rail investment increased gradually. The rail industry of EU nations, America, Japan reveals good outcomes, which keeps the balance in the black thanks to growth of investment in rail and high technical level. I have come up with some ideas for improvement, which I believe will be helpful to lead the rail industry. First, I suggest the upbringing of rail industry and technology on a national level. Second, expanding the rail network with the rail modernization. Lastly, I think it is crucial to establish a law and institution before we advance into overseas markets.
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이용상 한국철도학회 2004 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.7 No.1
In this paper, I explain the situations and problems which are focused on the rail freight system. We have a many problems, which have been showed the long freight logistics time, and inadequate fare system. And rail freight system does not have a efficient marketing system, and unit load system. Therefore rail freight has been decreased modal share, which is estimated from 9.65% in 1995 to 6.25% in 2001(ton base). Recently, EU nations and America rail freight system reveals a good outcome, which keeps the balance in the black. The main factors which go into the black, is the enlargement the investment in rail freight and efficient management focusing on the unit load system, fare system, and personnel management. I suggest the several improvement ways, which will be helpful to advance the rail freight system. Fistly, I suggest the speed up the freight rail and efficient fare system. Secondly, I propose the unit load system and the regulation the truck focusing on curtailment of the social cost. Lastly, I make an overture of establishment the comprehensive logistics system.
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