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이승덕,Lee, Seung-deok 대한침구의학회 2004 대한침구의학회지 Vol.21 No.1
This study was carried out to investigate statistical validity of medical articles that used various statistical techniques such as t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, regression analysis and chi-square test. For study 429 original articles using those statistical methods were selected from Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibusition Society published from 1984 to 2002. 429 original articles were reviewed to analyzed the statistical procedures. Results are summarized as follows : 1. In this study 93 articles(21.68%) of 429 ones didn't report statement of statistical method in detail. 2. 53 articles(12.53%) didn't report p-value in correctly, and 245 articles(57.11 %) used mean${\pm}$standard error (Mean${\pm}$SEM.) and 109 articles used mean${\pm}$standard deviation(Mean${\pm}$SD.). All of 23 articles using nonparametric statistical techniques made an error to central tendency or dispersion. 3. 175 articles(59.93%) and 14 articles(4.79%) of 292 ones made an error to description of equal variances and normal distribution. 4. 99 articles(50%) of 185 ones misused t-test and 4 articles of 5 ones misused chi-square test. 5. 28 articles(73.68%) of 38 ones using discrete variable misused parametric technique such as t-test or ANOVA. 2 articles and 1 article of 125 ones choosing paired samples misused independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. 6. 20 articles using analysis of variance didn't use multiple comparison.
이승덕 한국 포르투갈-브라질 학회 2010 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.7 No.1
Maconese or Macau Creole(Known as patuá to its speakers) is a creole language derived mainly from Portuguese, Malay and Cantonese, which was originally spoken by the Maconese community of the Portugueses of Macau. The language is also called by its speakers 'Papia Cristam di Macau'(Christian speech of Macau), and has been nicknamed Dóc Língua di Macau(Sweet Language of Macau) and Doci Papiamçam(Sweet speech) by poets. In Portuguese it is called Macaense, Macaista Chapado "pure Macanese" or Patuá.. Patuá arose in Macau after the territory was 'gradually occupied by Portugal after the mid-16th century'. The language developed first mainly the descendants of Portuguese settlers. The language had strong Malay influence from the beginning. In the 17th century, Patuá had Portuguese influence from other Portuguese colonies in Asia, especially from Malaca, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Patuá underwent extensive changes in usage, grammar, syntax and vocabulary over the centuries. Patuá played an important role in Macau's social and commercial development between the 16th and 19th centuries. Most of the Patuá lexicon derives from Malay, through various Portuguese influenced creoles. Many words also come from Sinhalese, through the Indo-Português creoles of the Portuguese communities of Sri Lanka. Cantoneses and English also had many contributions in the words. The Portuguese contribution to he Patuá come mainly from the dialects of southern Portugal.
이승덕,김창주,조인제,김종섭,이한주 한국항공우주학회 2012 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11
헬리콥터의 기계식 조종 장치는 조종간, 페이징 유닛(Phasing unit), 믹싱 유닛(Mixing unit), 작동기, 스워시 플레이트(Swash plate) 등으로 구성되어 로터의 피치 각을 조종하는 기능을 한다. 전자식 비행제어시스템(Fly-By-Wire Flight Control System) 혹은 제한된 권한을 가진 비행제어시스템(LAFCS: Limited Authority Flight Control System)의 조종 명령을 계산하거나 비행시험 데이터를 활용하여 동역학 모델의 성숙도를 개선하기 위해서는 이러한 조종장치의 기구학적인 모델링이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 KUH 기반의 FBW 비행제어 시스템 및 Limited Authority 비행제어 시스템 개발을 위하여 KUH 기계식 조종 장치의 수학적인 모델을 만들어내고 비행시험 데이터를 활용한 검증을 수행하였다. The mechanical flight control system of the helicopter consists of control stick, rudder pedal, phasing unit, mixing unit, actuator, swash plate, etc and controls the rotor pitch angle. The kinematic modeling of the mechanical flight control system is used to calculate the command of Fly-By-Wire flight control system and Limited Authority Flight Control System, and to refine the helicopter dynamic model using flight test data. This paper describes the kinematic modeling of KUH mechanical flight control system and its validation with flight test data.