골프장 여성캐디의 고객상호존중, 감정노동, 이직의도의 인과관계

이석동(Lee, Suk-Dong),전태준(Chun, Tae-Jun) 한국사회체육학회 2016 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.65

The purpose of this study was to verify the causal relationship among customer mutual respect, emotional labor, turnover intention of female caddy. Subjects were selected a female caddy as population, By utilizing the purpose sampling method was used to analyze the total 514 people data. Data processing, using the AMOS 20.0 program (α = .05), In order to test the hypothesis of a specific research, the application of the measurement model and the structural model. Derived conclusions are as follows. First of all, customer mutual respect had a positive effect on the deep acting. Second, customer mutual respect had a negative effect on the turn-over intention. Third, deep acting had a negative effect on the turnover intention. In this study to determine the cause and result variables describing the emotional labor, and to determine the causes that inhibit the degree of separation of female golf caddy. It retains the characteristics that provide basic data that can help in the mental health and overall golf caddy industries and individuals.

한ㆍ미 FTA 섬유류 협정에 따른 문제점과 대응방안

이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국무역학회 2015 貿易學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

골프장 캐디의 고객무례성, 정서성, 감정노동의 인과관계

이석동(Lee, Suk-Dong),전태준(Chun, Tae-Jun) 한국웰니스학회 2016 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.11 No.3

이 연구는 골프장 여성캐디의 고객 무례성, 정서성, 감정노동의 인과모형을 검증하는 데에 목적을 두고 있다. 연구 대상자는 골프장 여성캐디들을 모집단으로 선정하고, 목적표집법을 활용하여 총 443명의 자료를 분석하였다. 자료처리는 AMOS 20.0 프로그램을 사용하였고(α=.05), 구체적인 연구가설을 검증하기 위하여 측정모형과 구조모형을 적용하였다. 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 캐디의 고객 무례성은 긍정정서에 부적인 영향을, 부정정서에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 캐디의 고객 무례성은 표면행위에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 캐디의 긍정정서는 표면행위와 내면행위 모두에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이를 통해 이 연구는 감정노동을 설명하는 원인변수를 검증하였고, 캐디의 정신건강과 골프 산업 전반 및 개인에게 도움을 줄 수 있는 기초자료를 제공했다는 특성을 지닌다. The purpose of this study was to verify the causal relationship among customer incivility, affectivity, emotional labor of female caddy. As population, female caddies were selected who worked in golf club of 2015, and purposive sampling was carried out n them. Data on 443 people were used for analysis. Hypothesis test on collected data was conducted by using AMOS 20.0 program (α = .05), in order to test the a subject for inquiry, the application of the measurement model and the structural model. Derived conclusions are as follows. First of all, customer incivility had a negative effect on the positive affectivity, and had a positive effect on the negative affectivity. Second, customer incivility had a positive effect on the surface acting. Third, positive affectivity had positive effects on the surface acting and deep acting. In this study, to determine the cause variables describing the emotional labor, it retains the characteristics that provide basic data that can help in the mental health and overall golf caddy industries and individuals.

한ㆍ미 FTA 협정에 따른 교역성과에 관한 소고

이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국관세학회 2015 관세학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Textile industry, which once was a labor-intensive industry, is now developing into a high value-added industry. In particular, low-cost and low-quality textile industry has lost its competitiveness to challengers from developing countries and thus in order to secure competitiveness in exports to the markets in developed countries, it is imperative to maximize halo effect of free trade agreement(FTA) and to transform the industry into a high value-added industry. Since the ratification of Korea-US free trade agreement(FTA), textile industry was initially perceived to be one of the cardinal beneficiaries of the agreement. However, during the past 2 years since the agreement took effect, textile industry has not reaped much benefits of FTA in contrast to other industries in trade between two nations. Thus, in this study, expansion of free trade agreements in light of changes in international trade environment and status of Korean textile industry are first examined. Specifically, Korea’s textile export products that are covered under Korea-US FTA are investigated to identify problems. Lastly, to analyze the results of Korea-US trade under the FTA, tariff concessions, trade volumes, comparison of export figures with main competing nations and prior export performance to US market per industries are reviewed through extant literature. The purpose of this study is to provide practical and policy implications that can help textile industry under Korea-US FTA and to provide basic research source in helping related Korean firms to reach their export goals.

티모시 건초 급여 한우 씨수소 정소상체 정자의 수정 효과

강성식,김의형,이석동,이명숙,조상래,Kang, Sung-Sik,Kim, Ui-Hyung,Lee, Seok-Dong,Lee, Myeong-Suk,Cho, Sang-Rae 한국초지조사료학회 2018 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.38 No.4

본 연구는 티모시 건초와 농후 사료 위주의 사료를 급여한 한우 씨수소 정소상체 정자 체외수정 효율 조사를 통해 정자의 활용 가능성을 조사하였다. 농후 사료는 체중의 1.8%를 급여하고 양질의 티모시 건초를 자유채식 시킨 14개월령 거세우의 정소에서 분리된 정소상체 미부의 정자를 회수하고 동결 흉해 후 체외수정을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 웅성전핵과 자성전핵이 형성(2PN)된 난자는 정상수정으로, 1개의 전핵(1PN), Expanded Sperm Head (ESH), Polyspermy 형태는 비정상적인 수정의 형태로 평가하였다. 정상적으로 수정된 난자의 비율은 정소상체 정자의 경우 전체 침투율은 49.7% 그리고 정상적인 2PN을 가진 난자는 18.5%를 보였으며, 대조구 정자의 전체 침투율은 54.4%로서 정소상체 정자 보다 높은 결과를 보였으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 정상적으로 2PN을 형성한 비율은 36.7%로서 정소상체 정자를 이용한 정자 보다 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 체외수정 후 발달률 조사에서 정소상체 정자의 분할률은 81.2%, 대조구 정자는 82.7%로 유사한 결과를 보였으나, 배반포 발달률은 정소상체 정자 24.4%와 대조구 정자 12.2%로 정소상체 정자를 사용한 난자의 발달에서는 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). In this study, we examined effect of sperm penetration of oocytes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) with cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull after feeding of timothy hay. One testicle with epididymides was castrated from one Hanwoo bull (14 months of age) and spermatozoa recovered from cauda epididymis and cryopreserved. As control, frozen Hanwoo semen was used. Matured cumulus oocyte complexes were co-incubated with frozen-thawed cauda epididymal spermatozoa for 12 or 18 hours. After IVF, presumptive zygotes were cultured in modified synthetic oviductal fluid. In experiment 1, we examined sperm penetration rate at 12 hours of IVF with epididymal sperm. Total penetration rate among cauda epididymis and control was similar(mean${\pm}$standard error, cauda epididymis and control vs. $49.7{\pm}11.3$ and $54.4{\pm}12.8%$). In experiment 2, cleavage and blastocyst developmental rate were evaluated at day 2 and day 8 after IVF for 18 hours. Cleavage rate among cauda epididymis and control was similar(cauda epididymis and control vs. $81.2{\pm}3.4$ and $82.7{\pm}2.5%$). However, blastocyst developmental rate of cauda epididymis group was significantly higher than that of control group(cauda epididymis and control vs. $24.4{\pm}1.6$ and $12.2{\pm}2.8%$, p<0.05). In conclusion, cauda epididymal spermatozoa in Hanwoo bull has high embryo developmental competence and can be used as an alternative to ejaculated frozen sperm in vitro.

한우의 번식률 개선을 위한 영양대사물질 기초분석

강성식,김의형,이석동,이명숙,권응기,장선식,조상래,Kang, Sung-Sik,Kim, Ui-Hyung,Lee, Seok-Dong,Lee, Myeong-Suk,Kwon, Eun-Ki,Jang, Sun-Sik,Cho, Sang-Rae 한국초지조사료학회 2018 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.38 No.4

The aim of the present study was to identify the metabolic changes that have occurred in Hanwoo Native Cow. Analysis of serum metabolites was carried out to investigate relationship of pregnancy rate and feeding systems. Totally, 281 cows were used for grazing and barn feeding. Grazing was carried out for 5 months in the pasture. In barn feeding, concentrate 3.0 Kg(TDN 68%, CP 14%) and rice straw 6 kg(TDN 50%, CP 6.5%) were fed. Artificial insemination(AI) carried out by timed AI procedure. The level of glucose(mg/dl), cholesterol(mg/mL), BUN(mg/dl), AST(U/l), ALT(U/l), and NEFA(uEq/l) were analyzed. In Table 1, barn feeding with 120% group was showed high Cholesterol and BUN levels compared those with 80% feeding group(p<0.05). In Table 2, 60 pregnant cows in grazing herd showed low Cholesterol, AST and NEFA levels compared to 43 non-pregnant cows($149.8{\pm}4.9$, $99.1{\pm}2.6$, $326.7{\pm}15.7$ vs. $165.9{\pm}4.6$, $108.9{\pm}3.2$, $419.2{\pm}32.8$, respectively, p<0.05). In Table 3, 126 grazing feeding cows showed high Glucose, Cholesterol, AST, ALT, and NEFA levels compared to 22 barn feeding cows($84.8{\pm}1.3$, $142.5{\pm}2.5$, $97.7{\pm}2.3$, $34.3{\pm}0.5$, $317.8{\pm}13.6$ vs. $56.0{\pm}1.3$, $128.9{\pm}4.6$, $80.9{\pm}2.0$, $27.1{\pm}0.9$, $160.2{\pm}18.9$, respectively, p<0.05). Further study needed to obtain more accurate level of metabolites in serum for pregnant and non-pregnant cows. 본 연구는 한우 번식우에 있어서 영양대사물질 분석을 통하여 영양수준을 구명하여 번식우의 수태율 개선을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하기 위해서 실시하였다. 번식우의 정확한 영양수준 분석을 위해서 사료급여량을 80%, 100%, 120%로 구분하여 사양관리를 실시한 결과 Cholesterol과 BUN 농도가 120% 급여구에서 유의적으로 높은 결과를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 방목우 중에서 임신우와 비임신우의 영양대사물질 수준 분석 결과, Cholesterol, AST, NEFA 농도가 임신우에 비해 비임신우에서 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 이와 같이 임신과 관련한 영양수준 분석에 Cholesterol, AST, NEFA 의 3가지 항목을 설정하는 것이 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 방목과 사사 사육에 대한 결과 분석에서 Glucose 농도는 방목우 84.8, 비방 목우 56.0 mg/dl 으로서 방목우에서 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였고(p<0.05), Cholesterol 수준은 방목우에서 142.5 mg/dl로서 사사 사육 128.9 mg/dl 보다 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05), ALT(34.4 vs 27.1 IU/l)와 NEFA 농도(317.8 vs 160.2 ЧEq/l) 역시 방목우에서 유의적으로 높은 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로, 암소에 사료 급여시 Cholesterol, ALT, NEFA 수준을 낮출 수 있도록 하는 것이 한우 암소의 수태율을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

귀금속 HS제7114호의 교역량과 무역네트워크분석

이경민(Kyung-Min Lee),이석동(Suk-Dong Lee),이춘수(Chun-Su Lee) 한국관세학회 2016 관세학회지 Vol.17 No.4

On this study, Central density analysis showed the development potential and competitiveness, which implies a degree of centrality of trade connection, the fastest instantaneous adaptability harmonize with the international environment and in contrast to the central trade close, centrality through an intermediary represents the control of trade flows analyzed the influence of the central station and the neighboring countries. HS 7114 (gold jewelery, silver jewelery and its parts; made of precious metals or be limited to those made of metal clad with precious metal) export trade links about the centrality of the year was the increased due to influence of China in Singapore, Italy, Switzerland in 2003 and in 2014 to China, the United Arab Emirates, Italy. Import trade connection degree centrality was changed in 2003, Indonesia, Italy, China to Japan, Italy and China in 2014. Closeness centrality of export trade was found in Italy, Germany and the United States in 2003 and it turned to appear in France, Italy, Denmark in 2014. Income trading closeness centrality appeared in 2003 in Italy, the US, China, then in China, US, Italy, in 2014. Export trade centrality parameter was changed in 2003, the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom was changed in the United States, France, Denmark, in 2014. Imports mediated(Betweenness) trade centrality were in Italy, USA, Germany in 2003 until it changed in 2014 to the United States, Italy and France. China is located in the center of the worlds precious metals trading network, by maintaining a close trade relationship with many countries, and it was found that a it is very influential increased by maximizing the efficiency of the trade. A centrality degree of Precious Metals HS 7114 is lower than total trade volume of Korea. The governments support including tax cut is necessary because the jewelry industry has a potential for growth. This study will contribute to development chance of our jewelry industry.

산지 방목기간 중 미량영양소 급여가 한우 암소의 생산성에 미치는 영향

양승학,양병철,정기용,장선식,이은미,조상래,이석동,박형수,권응기,Yang, Seung Hak,Yang, Byoung Chul,Chung, Ki Yong,Jang, Sun Sik,Lee, Eun Mee,Cho, Sang Rae,Lee, Suk Dong,Park, Hyung Soo,Kwon, Eung Gi 한국초지조사료학회 2016 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.36 No.4

본 시험은 한우연구소 시험우사와 표고가 700 m 지역에 위치한 개량목초지 (오차드그라스, 티머시, 톨페스큐 우점)에서 2014년 5월~10월동안 수행되었는데, 방목 처리구별 방목지를 선정하고 3구역으로 나눈 후, 방목지 초지식생을 고려하여 윤환방목을 4회 (1회당 38.5일) 실시하였다. 국립축산과학원 한우연구소에서 암소 육성우 및 성우 27두(시험구별 9두)를 공시하여 2014년 5~10월동안 수행하였다. 방목대상지는 오차드그라스, 티머시, 톨페스큐가 우점한 해발표고 700 m의 개량목초지를 이용하였다. 시험구 배치는 대조구, 처리1구, 처리2구로 구분하였으며, 대조구가 우사관리구 (건초급여와 농후사료급여), 처리1구는 방목사육과 농후사료 급여구, 처리2구는 방목사육과 농후사료 급여와 미량광물질제 급여구로 처리하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 미량광물질제는 마그네슘, 셀레늄, 반추위보호콜린이 포함된 시제품제제 (30g/두/일)를 급여하였다. 사료급여기준은 2012 한국 사양표준 (한우)에 따라 성장단계별 표준 목표체중 도달 또는 체중별 영양소요구량 충족을 위해 영양조절 급여를 수행하였다. 처리구별 방목지를 선정하고 각 세부적으로 3구역으로 나눠 5~10월 중 윤환방목을 실시했다. 측정항목은 생초수량, 체중, 사료섭취량, 혈중 대사물질, 경제성 분석, 수태율을 실시하였다. 윤환방목지의 생초수량 및 건물수량은 처리1구와 처리2구의 생초 총 생산량은 30,473.9 kg/ha, 30744.3 kg/ha였으며 방목지간의 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 한우 14개월령 목표체중 240 kg에 모든 처리구가 도달했으며 생후 15개월령 체중은 대조구, 처리1구, 처리2구가 각각 259.9, 257.7 및 262.1 kg였다. 일당증체량은 대조구, 처리1구, 처리2구가 각각 평균 0.52, 0.51, 0.54 kg으로 시험구간에 차이가 없었다. 혈중 대사물질 중 글루코스의 함량이 처리1구(방목사육)에서 높았다. 수태율은 대조구, 처리1구, 처리2구가 88.9%, 100%, 100%였다. 시험구 간에 경제성 분석을 실시한 결과 두당 비용절감이 대조구에 비해 시험1구와 시험2구가 각각 143,790, 125,970원으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to ameliorate the productive performance of Hanwoo cow using hill pasture grazing system. Twenty seven animals aged 9 were designed to divide with 3 groups which were Control (restricted concentrate and hay for 5 months), T1 (restricted concentrate and pasture grazing ad libitum for 5 months) and T2 (restricted concentrate, 30 g/head of mineral nutrients and pasture grazing ad libitum for 5 months). Average daily gains increased higher in the order of T2, Control and T1. The conception rate of Control, T1 and T2 after artificial insemination during post-grazing period were 88.9%, 100%, 100%, respectively. In conclusion, the results indicated that hill pasture grazing system might enhance not only the productive performance of Hanwoo cow but also profit for conventional feeding system.