실존의 고통으로서의 마음의 병과 삶에 대한니체의 실존적 사랑

이상범 한국니체학회 2015 니체연구 Vol.27 No.-

Nietzsches Kritik an der Moderne und am modernen Menschen ist, dass die„Freude an sich“ nicht gleichbedeutend ist mit der „Freude an der Sache“. Durchdie „atemlose Hast der Arbeit“, wie Nietzsche es formuliert, kann man die Freudean sich, an einer Sache und an seinem Leben nicht fühlen und weder sich selbstnoch sein Leben reflektieren. Ferner bestehen die existenziale Probleme, mitdenen die modernen Menschen sich schwertun, im Grunde darin, dass sie denSinn ihres Lebens nur durch eine Materie befriedigen wollen und ihren eigenenWert durch eine Materie ersetzen wollen. Die manche Leute konsumieren nichtmehr für die Nützlichkeit des Lebens, sondern Konsum ist zu einer Handlunggeworden, um den Sinn des Lebens zu erlangen und zu besitzen. Das Problem desexistenzialen Leidens der Moderne besteht also darin, dass die modernenMenschen die existenziale Leere des Lebens nicht mit ihrem eigenen Sinn füllenwollen. Das heißt, sie wollen also auf die grundlegende Frage des Lebens nichtantworten. Diese Menschentypen, die den eigentlichen Sinn ihres Lebens nichtmehr erforschen, bezeichnet F. Nietzsche als der “letzte Mensch”, H. Marcuse alsder “eindimensionale Mensch”und E. Fromm als der “Automatenmensch”. Nietzsche hat das damalige Europa des 19. Jahrhunderts, in dem sich dieexistenziale Ohnmacht und die schöpferische Unfähigkeit verbreitet, als dieKrankheit des Willens diagnostiziert. Dekadenz ist ihm zufolge die Krankheit des실존의 고통으로서의 마음의 병과 삶에 대한 니체의 실존적 사랑 | 이상범 87Willens, bei der der Mensch sich selbst und sein Leben nicht verändern will. DieGesundheitslehre, die Nietzsche in seiner Philosophie vorgestellthat, gründetsich auf seine persönliche Erfahrung von Krankheit und Leiden. Nietzsche fragtin dieser traurigen Erfahrung beständig nach dem Sinn und Wert des Lebens under macht die Lebenshaltung, die sich selbst und sein Leben aufgrund derLeidenschaft und Liebe stets bejaht und überwindet. Dieses Lebenshaltung vonNietzsche macht sogar die Krankheit und das Leiden als eine existenziale Chance,wieder gesund werden zu können. Nietzsche antwortet so auf die Frage seineseigenen Lebens. Das, was die modernen Menschen, die den Problemen ihrerpeinvollen und ab und zu unzufriedenen Existenz gegenüberstehen, durchNietzsches Philosophie und sein Leben lernen kann, ist die Leidenschaft undLiebe des Lebens und dadurch Selbstbejahung und Selbstüberwindung. 현대사회와 현대인에 대한 니체의 비판적 관점은 “자기 자신에 대한 기쁨”이자신의 “일에 대한 기쁨”과 동일하지 않다는 것이다. 니체의 표현처럼 “숨 가쁘게 서두르는 노동”으로 인해 현대인은 자신과 자신의 일 그리고 삶에 대한 온전한 기쁨을 느끼지 못하게 됨과 더불어 자기 자신과 자신의 삶을 성찰할 수 있는기회를 잃어버리게 되었다. 또한 현대를 살아가는 사람들이 겪고 있는 실존의문제들은 근본적으로 그들 삶의 의미를 물질을 통해 충족하고자 하며 자신의 고유한 가치를 물질로 대체함에 있다. 사람들은 더 이상 삶의 유용함만을 위해 소비하지 않으며, 소비는 삶의 의미를 얻고 소유하기 위한 행위가 되었다. 다시 말해 현대사회의 실존적 고통의 문제는 현대의 많은 사람들이 삶의 실존적 공허를자신만의 삶의 의미로 채우고자 하지 않는다는 사실에 있다. 즉 그들은 자기 삶의 근본적인 물음에 답하고자 하지 않는다. 자기 삶의 고유한 의미에 대해 더 이상 탐구하지 않는 이러한 인간유형들을 니체는 “마지막 인간”으로, 마르쿠제는“일차원적 인간”으로 그리고 프롬은 “자동 인형적 인간”으로 표현했다. 니체는 실존적 무기력과 창조적 무능력이 만연한 19세기 유럽의 데카당스 증상을 “의지의 병”으로 진단했다. 데카당스는 인간 스스로 변화하고자 하지 않고나아가 자신의 삶을 변화시키고자 않는 나약한 의지의 병이다. 이를 위해 니체가 자신의 철학에서 제시한 건강의 가르침은 병과 고통에 대한 자신의 개인적인경험을 토대로 하고 있다. 니체는 이 처절한 경험 속에서 끊임없이 삶의 의미와가치에 대해 물었으며, 자신의 삶에 대한 열정과 사랑을 바탕으로 스스로를 끊임없이 긍정하고 극복하는 삶의 자세를 만들었다. 그의 이러한 삶의 자세는 병과 고통마저도 다시 건강해질 수 있는 실존적 기회로 만들었다. 니체는 그렇게삶이 던지는 물음에 대답했다. 고통스럽고 때론 불만족한 자기 실존의 문제에직면한 현대의 인간들이 니체의 사상과 삶을 통해서 배울 수 있는 것은 삶에 대한 열정과 사랑 그리고 이를 통한 자기긍정과 극복이다.

근전도 신호 측정 장치의 개발

李相範,千在植,金昌福 단국대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

In this paper, electromyography measurement system is developed to measure the signal generated by the contraction and relaxation of the muscle from a living body. These signals gathered by the sensors are amplified by the amplifier, and then transferred to personal computer by multi-channel. Intel microprosser I8051 is used to control the data of electromyography. The analyzed electromyography signals can be displayed either in time domain and frequency domain. The data in frequency domain can be quickly converted into time domain by applying FFT(Fast Fourier Transform). Displays in time domain is adjustable according to the voltages and time scale.

아스팔트 혼합물의 용적 특성을 이용한 소성변형 추정 연구

이상범,도영수,김광우 한국도로학회 2004 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.6 No.3

Rutting on asphalt pavement surface is an important damage in most roadways in the world. Most of researches have developed prediction model for rutting on asphalt pavement as a function of physical properties of asphalt binder. But this study was devised to estimate rutting based on fundamental properties of asphalt mixture, not binder. Therefore this study objective is to estimate rutting based on volumetric properties, that is Air void, Void in mineral aggregate(VMA) and Void filled with asphalt(VFA), of asphalt mixture with various asphalt binders, aggregates and aggregate gradation. Results showed that it was possible to estimate rutting depth based on volumetric variables of asphalt mixture. In addition, VMA, the variable which is nor used in mix design in Korea, showed a significant correlation with rutting, It is recommended that VMA is adapted as a variable in domestic mix design. Also, It showed that VFA in the specification should be lowered at least 5% point since VFA was somewhat higher than optimum. 본 논문은 아스팔트 포장의 주요 파손 형태의 하나인 소성변형을 예측하기 위한 연구로서 빠르고 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 혼합물의 공극 관련된 물리적 특성인 공극률, 골재간극률, 포화도 등에 근거하여 소성변형과의 상관성을 추정하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 두 종류의 골재, 밀입도, 갭입도, 일반아스팔트, 개질아스팔트 등을 조합한 혼합물에 대하여 반복주행시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 혼합물의 공극관련변수로 소성변형 깊이의 추정이 가능함을 확인하였다. 또한 국내에서 사용하지 않고 있는 물성이 골재간극률이 소성변형에 크게 영향을 미치는 인자로 확인되어 향후 국내 배합 설계규정에 이 규정을 추가하는 것을 고려해야 할 것으로 사료되었으며, 포화도는 국내의 규정이 너무 높아 하향조정이 필요한 것으로 판단되었다.

맥진 신호 측정 장치의 설계

이상범,강병욱 단국대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.32 No.-

In this paper, arterial pulse mesurement system is developed to measure the signal generated by the beating from a living body. These signals gathered by the sensors are amplified, and then are transferred to multi-channel of computer. Intel I8051 is used to control the data of the arterial pulse. The signal period of analized arterial pulse can be displayed either in time and frequency domain. The data in freqency domain can be quickly converted into time domain by applying FFT. Displays in time domain can be adjustable according to the voltage and scale.

최고가치낙찰제도 도입을 위한 비가격요소 배점기준 선정방법에 관한 연구

이상범,서용칠,구재동 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.9 No.3

Domestic construction-market to advance the procurement constantly endeavored to improve government's procurement such as benchmarking advanced country's procurement. Especially, among such efforts, a study on the best-value bid actively was progressing, but to realize Best-Value needs to improve evaluation-method of bidders. However best-value were not evaluated to existent evaluation-methods. Once again new evaluation method of bidders is developed. so this paper suggests selection method of non-price factor so that at processing selection of a suitable bidder is realize best-value. The process of selection method is as follow. 1) Organize committee that consists of construction specialist to deduce primary non-price-factor. 2)Deduce the primary non-price factor from best-practice of advanced country. 3) Deduce the secondary non-price-factor from construction specialist's decision. 4)Analyze weight of non-price through using AHP. Input data of AHP analyzed results through specialist's questionnaire. 5) Allot points of each factor according to analyzed weight

호박벌(Bombus ignitus Smith)의 봉군발육에 미치는 영향

이상범,마영일,배태웅 한국생명과학회 1999 생명과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

The queens of Korean native bumblebee species, Bombus ignitus were collected from the field in the spring of 1997 and reared under the various temperatures as 15$^{\circ}C$$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 2$0^{\circ}C$$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$ $\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 3$0^{\circ}C$$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 60%$\pm$5% of relative humidity and 14L : 10D, to investigate their ecological characteristics, as comparing with control(29$^{\circ}C$$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 60%$\pm$5% of relative humidity and red light). As a result, eggs were laid by foundation queen at 15$^{\circ}C$, but they didn't hatched out while at 2$0^{\circ}C$ eggs were laid by them and they hatched out. When a foundation queen laid eggs at $25^{\circ}C$ and they all were hatched out and normally grown. Finally they were developed to the normal colony. B. ignitus worker survived for 77days at 2$0^{\circ}C$, about 69days at $25^{\circ}C$, about 68days at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and about 63days at 29$^{\circ}C$(control). The first brood workers emerged in 25-27days from the egg which a foundation queen laid. At the various temperatures, the captive queens stand to lay eggs in about 18days at 15$^{\circ}C$, 15days at 2$0^{\circ}C$, 11days at $25^{\circ}C$, 11days at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 4days in control. The first worker and the first drone from the egg cell of the collected queens appeared in about 27days and 72days at 2$0^{\circ}C$, 26days and 88days in $25^{\circ}C$, 24days and 65days at 3$0^{\circ}C$, 25days and 71days in control, respectively. In colony foundation, 33% of the collected queen at 2$0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, 100% of the disposed queen at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in control, and 67% of them at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in control both produced new queens in 66days and 88days, respectively. The life span of the colony founded covered fro about 3 months at $25^{\circ}C$, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in control. At lower temperatures, the life span of queen is shorter; 2 months at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 3 months at 2$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. A colony which normally developed, varied in size with rearing temperatures; about 20heads at 2$0^{\circ}C$, 482heads at $25^{\circ}C$, 330heads at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 452heads in control. A foundation queen monthly oviposited 1.5egg cells at 15$^{\circ}C$, 3.0egg cells at 2 $0^{\circ}C$, 21.7egg cells at $25^{\circ}C$, 42.3egg cells at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 47.0egg cells in control. As a colony developed in June and July, egg cells as well as daily average cells increased in number, as compared to those in May and August. Also, in June and July, interval(days) of egg laying is shorter than in May and August. Number of nectar pots during the colony development varied with rearing temperatures; 31pots at $25^{\circ}C$, 39pots at 3$0^{\circ}C$, 23pots in control. The emergence of new queen showed a distinctively different two patterns; early emerging type and late emerging type. Workers are rapidly increased from early in July to early in August at $25^{\circ}C$, but at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in control, emergence of workers are remarkably increased from the middle of June and last until July. No new queen emerged at 15$^{\circ}C$, 2$0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. New queens at 3$0^{\circ}C$ and in control emerged between late in June and early in July. Thus emergence of new queen was temperature dependent.

小兒期 腸「디프스」의 臨床的 觀察

李相範,金鍾煥,安斗洪,崔正憲 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1976 慶北醫大誌 Vol.17 No.2

1963年 1月부터 1973年 12月까지 滿 11年間 慶北大學校 醫科大學 附屬病院 小兒科에 入院하여 細菌 및 血淸學的으로 確診을 본 腸「티프스」患兒 118例에 對하여 臨床的 觀察을 하여 다음과 같은 成績을 얻었다. 1. 患者 發生頻度를 보면 年中을 通하여 6,7,8月에 가장 많아 전체의 50.9%를 占하고 9,10,11月에 25.4%로서 季節的으로는 여름, 가을의 順이었다. 年度別 頻度差異는 없었다. 性別로는 男兒가 55.1%, 女兒가 44.9%로 男兒가 약간 많았으며 年齡別로는 11歲以上이 47.4%를 차지했고 最年小兒는 4개월된 女兒였다. 發病後 入院까지의 期間은 1週內가 31.4%, 2週內가 56%였다. 2. 入院時의 臨床症狀은 發熱(85.6%), 腹痛(69.5%), 頭痛(37.3%), 全身違和(36.4%), 惡心 및 嘔吐(35.6%), 泄瀉(32.2%), 食慾不振(30.5%), 咳嗽(25.4%), 鼻出血(20.3%)等이었고 理學的 所見은 發熱(83.9%), 肝肥大(40.7%), 貧血(38.1%), 脫水(34.7%), 舌台(33.9%), 脾腫大 및 腹部膨滿(各各 25.4%), 徐脈(18.6%), 腹部壓痛(14.4%), 薔薇疹(11.9%)等의 順이었다. 대체로 成人보다 消火器障碍를 同伴하는 例는 많았으며 徐脈, 腹部壓痛, 脾腫大, 薔薇疹은 低率이었다. 3. 貧血을 同伴한 例는 38.2%, 白血球 減少例는 47.46%이며 絶對的 白血球 減少例는 11.9%이었다. Widal 反應은 전체 135例中 87.41%(118例)에서 陽性이 었으며 發病 第 2週부터 急增하는 것을 볼수 있었다. 細菌培養은 血液에서 24.5%, 大便에서 7.0%, 尿에서 0%였다. 4. 平均 解熱期間은 CM單獨使用群은 4.9日, prednisolone倂用群은 3.9日, Penbritin單獨使用群은 4.2日, CM과 Penbritin倂用群은 5.5日이었다. 合倂症은 18.5%에서 볼 수 있었고 腸出血이 11.9%로 제일 많았고 其外 氣管支炎, 肺炎, 腎臟炎, 腦膜炎, 肝臟炎 등이 있었다. During the last 11 years from January 1963 to December 1973, clinical observation was made on 118 children who had been admitted to our department under the diagnosis of typhoid fever, proven by positive culture and/or positive serology. The result were obtained as follows; 1. The seasona incidence was highest during the period of June to August(50.9%)and no annual variation was noticed. Boys were affected slightly more frequently than girls(55.1%) and the most frequently affected age group was 11∼15 years of age. The youngest child affected was 4 months old infant girl. About one third took medical advise and was admitted to the hospital within I week following the onset of the illness and about half(56%) within 2 weeks. 2. The most frequent complaint on admission was fever(85.6%), followed by abdominal pain(69.5%), headache(37.3%), general malaise(36.4%), nausea and vomiting(35.6%), diarrhea(32.2%), anorexia(30.5%), cough(25.4%) and nasal bleeding (20.3%). On the physical examination, fever(83.9%), hepatomegaly(40.7%), anemia(38.1%), dehydration(34.7%), coated tongue(33.9%), splenomegaly and abdominal distention(25.4%), bradycardia(18.6%), abdominal tenderness(14.4%) and rose spots(11.9%) were noted in decreasing freguenecy. In general, gastrointestinal disturbances were more prominent in children than adult, and bradycardia, abdominal tenderness, splenomegaly and rose spots were less marked. 3. Culture & isolation of s. typhi was positive in 24.5% from blood, 7.0.% from stool and none from urine. The Widal reaction were positive in 87.41% out of total 135 tests and the frequency of positive reaction was sharply increased form the second week after onset of the illness. Anemia was noticed in 38.2%, leukopenia in 47.46% and absolute leukopenia in 11.9%. 4. The average days of defervescence were 4.9 days in chloramphenicol group, 3.9 days in chloramphenicol with prednisolone group, 4.2 days in penbritin group and 5.5 days in chloramphenicol with penbritin group. The complication was developed in 18.5%, and the most commonest one was intestinal hemorrhage(11.9%), followed by bronchitis, pneumonia, nephritis, meningitis and hepatitis etc.

小兒의 Guillain-Barre 症候群에 對한 臨床的 考察

李相範 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1977 慶北醫大誌 Vol.18 No.2

1972年1月부터 1976年 7月末까지 滿 4年 7個月間 慶北醫大 附屬病院 小兒科에 Guillain-Barre 症候群으로 診斷되어 入院한 36例를 對象으로 臨床的觀察을 하였다. 1) 年度別 發生 數는 別 差異가 없으며 季節別 發生 數는 여름철에 比較的 높았다. 2) 總 36例中 男兒가 25例 女兒가 11例로 男女比는 2.3:1이고 3∼6에歲서 가장 順度가 높았으며 最少年齡은 8個月이었다. 3) 36例中 24例에서 先行疾患이 있었고 그中 15例가 上氣道 感染으로 第一많았다. 4) 임비부위는 下肢는 全例(36例) 上肢 22例, 頸部 9例, 呼吸筋 6例, 顔面筋 2例, 外眼筋 1例였다. 5) 腦脊髓液 所見은 36例中 36例에서 Cytoalbu-minons dissociation을 나타 냈으나, 1例에서 볼 수 없었다. 6) 退院時 大部分(80.6%)의 患兒들은 回復 또는 好轉이 되었으며 16例에서 退院后 계속 觀察할 수 있었는데 이들 全部에서 1年 6個月까지는 完全 回復이 可能했다. 入院 期間동안 死亡한 例는 2例였다(5.6%). The clinical studies were performed on 36 patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome who had been admitted to the ped. dept. of Kyungpook National University Hospital during 41/2 years period from Jan. 1972 to July 1976. 1) The seasonal distribution showed highest prevalence rate during summer months and no annual difference was noticed. 2) Boys were affected more frequently than girls in 2.3:1 ratio and the peak age was in preschool age (between 3 to 6 years), with youngest age affected being 8 months of age. 3) 24 out of 36 cases had preceding illness, and majority (13 cases) was upper respiratory infection. 4) The most common type of paralysis at the time of admission was peralysis of lower extremies in 36 cases, followed by upper extremities in 22, neck in 9, respiratory muscles in 6. facial muscles in 2 and extraocular muscles in 1. 5) Albuminocytologic dissociation of C.S.F. was detected in 35 cases, and in 1 case, there was no increase in protein level. 6) Majority of the patient (80.6%) showed marked improvement at the time of discharge, and in 16 cases in which close follow-up could be possible for up to 11/2 years, complete recovery was seen in all cases. 2 deaths were seen during hospitalization.

펄스 信號의 에너지 帶域幅에 관한 考察

李相範 단국대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Using a spectrum analyzer to measure the energy bandwidth (the bandwidth over which 90% of a pulse transmitter's energy is contained) doesn't always yield correct results, because this quantity is less than the main lobe displayed. The energy distribution is a function of two pulse characteristics that can be measured in real time with an oscilloscope, however; with this information and the aid of the curve shown here, energy bandwidth (EBW) can be found quickly and accurately.

Synthesis and Characterization of New Thermosensitive Cyclotriphosphazenes Bearing Methoxy-Poly(ethylene glycol) and Amino Acid Esters

이상범,송수창,전정일,손연수 한국고분자학회 1999 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.24 No.1