성인 충수염 환자에서 수술까지의 시간 지연이 충수염 진행에 미치는 영향

이민아(Min A Lee),정민(Min Chung),이영돈(Young Don Lee),이정남(Jung Nam Lee),이운기(Woon Ki Lee),박연호(Yeon Ho Park),박흥규(Heung Gyu Park),김건국(Keon Kuk Kim),최상태(Sang Tae Choi),강진모(Jin Mo Kang),이원석(Won Suk Lee),김현영(Hyun 대한외과학회 2009 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.76 No.6

Purpose: There are many reports that delayed operation of appendicitis in children is safe, but it is controversial whether the same principle can be applicable in adult patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the interval from onset of symptoms to operation and the pathologic degree of appendicitis. Methods: In this retrospective study, 783 adult patients (16 years old or more) diagnosed with appendicitis pathologically between 2004 and 2007 were included. The time from onset of symptoms to hospital arrival (patient interval) and time from hospital arrival to operation (hospital interval) were investigated. Pathologic and gross state of the appendicitis was graded as G1 (suppurative), G2 (gangrenous), G3 (ruptured), G4 (periappendiceal abscess). Results: The median time from symptom onset to operation (total interval) was 35 hours. The percentage of G1, G2, G3, and G4 was 86.3%, 11.4%, 2.4%, and 0% when total interval was <24 hours, 61.3%, 21.3%, 15.8%, and 1.6% when between 24 and 72 hours, and 23.8%, 13.9%, 36.9%, and 25.4% when the interval was over 72 hours. The advanced grade of appendicitis correlated with increased hospital stay (P<0.0001). Conclusion: This study suggests that delayed appendectomy in acute appendicitis in adults is a risk factor for advanced grades, and that the sooner the operation is undertaken, the better the outcome is.

혜암 이장식의 역사 이해에서 나타나는 신관 조명 : 혜암과 본회퍼의 ‘신 이해’ 비교를 통하여

이민애(Min Ai Lee) 혜암신학연구소 2020 신학과교회 Vol.13 No.-

This paper highlights Hye-Am, Chang Sik Lee s thought of God in understanding of history. For effectivity, the attempt were made to compare with the German theologian Bonhoeffer s thought of God [Chapter 1]. Hye-am and Bonhoeffer each went through the darkest period of 20th century history in their countries. Hye-am went through the Japanese occupation, the Korean War, and the Second World War. Bonhoeffer went through two world wars and Nazism [Chapter 2]. In the 20th century, when atheism and Death of God theology were extended by experience of the absence of God, these two theologians confessed God as the subject of history and further expressed God s freedom. Hye-am and Bonhoeffer rejected human-centered views in their respective field. In understanding the history, Hye-am pointed out the limitations of the existing positivist and ideological views, and called for the need of theological understanding of history. Bonhoeffer pointed out the limitations of idealism and a priori theory in the relationship between God and man, and requested ontology [Chapter 3]. Also, Hye-am and Bonhoeffer expressed the freedom of God. Hye-am said that God is the sovereign of history, and that God changes the same repetitive events meaningfully in human history. Bonhoeffer said that God s revelation was adventitious and totally free. God is facing all given and conditional things unconditionally, always subject, and man cannot possess God [Chapter 4]. This paper marks and emphasizes that the confessional theology of the two theologians was originated in the extreme experience of crossing the boundary between life and death. Historical theologian Hye-am nevertheless emphasizes the “hope” of history. Hope from God is a supernatural hope, an absolute hope coming from outside humanity and history [Chapter 5]. 본 논문은 혜암 이장식의 역사 이해에서 나타나는 신관을 조명하였다. 효과적인 조명을 위하여 독일 신학자 본회퍼의 신관과의 비교를 시도했다(1장). 혜암과 본회퍼는 각자 고국의 20세기 역사 중 가장 암울한 시대를 겪었다.(2장) 신 부재 체험으로 무신론과 사신신학이 확장되어간 시기에 이들은 역사의 주재이신 하나님을 고백하고 하나님의 자유로우심을 피력하였다. 혜암과 본회퍼는 인간중심적인 시각을 배척하였다. 혜암은 역사 이해에서 기존의 실증주의적 역사관과 관념주의적 역사관의 한계를 지적하고 신학적 역사 이해의 필요성을 요청하였다. 본회퍼는 신과 인간의 관계에서 관념론과 선험론의 한계를 지적하고 존재론을 요청하였다.(3장) 또한 두 신학자는 신의 자유로우심을 피력하였다. 혜암에 따르면 역사의 주재자는 하나님이시며 하나님은 인간 역사에서 동일하게 반복되는 사건들도 의미 있게 바꾸신다. 본회퍼에 따르면 하나님의 계시는 우발적이며 전적으로 자유롭고, 하나님은 모든 주어진 것과 조건적인 것들에 무조건적으로 마주서 계시며, 언제나 주체이시다.(4장) 역사신학자 혜암은 그럼에도 불구하고 역사의 “희망”을 강조한다. 하나님으로부터 오는 희망은 인간과 역사 밖으로부터 오는 초자연적인 희망, 절대적인 희망이다.(5장)

침구치료를 통한 Wallenberg's syndrome 환자의 연하장애 치험례

이민구(Min Goo Lee),윤종민(Jong Min Yun),박세욱(Sae Wook Park),이선우(Sun Woo Lee),손지우(Ji Woo Son),김용정(Yong Jeong Kim),이승언(Seung Eon Lee),조창현(Chang Hyun Cho),조윤성(Yoon Soong Cho),이인(In Lee),문병순(Byung Soon Moon) 한의병리학회 2005 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.19 No.6

클래스 다이어그램 생성을 위한 JTB 프레임워크 확장

이민순(Min-Soon Lee),이상순(Sang-Soon Lee),이병수(Byung-Soo Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2009 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.7 No.6

The software development using a UML tool that designing class diagrams and generating basic source codes. After, Developers are writing additional codes. Such a development process might cause problems which decrease the consistency between class diagrams in the designing stage and source codes in the development stage. In order to solve such problems, it is necessary to generate class diagrams in the source code for the purpose of comparisons. JTB generates AST with the input of one Java source file and also provides methods for exploring it. However, the existing JTB cannot achieve the intended purposes as any class diagram should express relationships among many classes. This paper suggests the extension of the JTB framework to make it possible to express the relationships among many class files.

응급실에 내원한 자살 시도자의 추적 진료 순응도와 관련된 요인

이민제(Min-Je Lee),신철진(Chul-Jin Shin),이상익(Sang Ick Lee),손정우(Jung-Woo Son),김시경(Siekyeong Kim),주가원(Gawon Ju),이준기(Jun-Ki Lee) 대한생물치료정신의학회 2017 생물치료정신의학 Vol.23 No.3

Objectives:The purpose of this study is to research factors which affect the compliance of psychiatric outpatient follow-up treatment to the suicide attempting patients in the emergency room. Methods:We reviewed the medical records of 346 suicidal attempters who were discharged from emergency center of the Chungbuk National University Hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015. They were divided into two groups : patients who came for outpatient department(OPD) follow up treatment and patients who did not. We gathered a data including psychosocial characteristics and factors related to suicide and factors related to psychiatric treatment. After classifying the patients, we compared and analyzed the factors which could influence each group. Results:After being discharged, 233 patients did not show up for OPD follow up treatment and 113 patients came for OPD follow up treatment. There were significant differences between the two groups in the drunken status, lethality of Suicide Attempt, time of presentation to emergency room(ER), and OPD waiting time. But sociodemographic characteristics, medical condition did not influence the outpatient follow up compliance. Conclusion:There were significant differences in factors that affect the outpatient follow up compliance between the two groups. Additional research is required to increase outpatient follow up compliance.

시진핑 집권 1기 반부패운동의 정치적 목적

이민자(Minja LEE)(李民子) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2017 신아세아 Vol.24 No.1

반부패운동은 시진핑(習近平) 주석과 왕치산((汪岐山)이 주도하는 중앙기율검사위원회가 중심이 되어 추진되고 있다. 이 논문은 시진핑 집권 1기 반부패운동에 담긴 다양한 정치적 목적을 사례분석을 통해 설명했다. 반부패운동의 정치적 목적은 다음 세 가지로 정리될 수 있다. 첫째, 중앙수준에서 반부패운동은 성역 없는 조사를 통해 시 주석의 정치적 반대세력을 제거함으로써 당 중앙 및 시진핑 주석으로 권력을 집중하기 위한 것이다. 둘째, 지방수준에서는 지방 관료에 대한 통제와 공산당의 통치능력을 강화하기 위한 것이다. 즉, 지방 관료에 대한 부패 감찰을 통해 당의 기강을 확립하여 당 중앙의 통제를 강화하고, 2017년 19차 당대회를 앞두고 문제 있는 지방 관료를 시진핑 세력으로 교체하여 차세대 리더십을 조정하려 한다. 공산당의 통치 정당성을 훼손하는 지방 관료의 부패척결은 국민의 지지를 확대하기 위한 통치전략이다. 셋째, 개혁에 걸림돌이었던 정치적 야심가를 제거하여 개혁을 심화하기 위한 체제정비가 진행 중이다. 즉, 당 기율을 위반하고 당을 분열시키는 정치적 야심가를 제거하여 개혁에 대한 저항을 약화시키려 한다. 특히 시장을 왜곡하는 석유방(石油幇)과 같은 기득권 세력을 공격하는 이유는 시장이 자원 분배에서 주도적 역할을 하여 지속적 경제성장을 유지하기 위한 것이다. 반부패운동은 경제개혁을 방해해 온 국유기업 부문의 기득권을 해체하는 수단이 되고 있다. This paper offers a case study of the comprehensive political purposes of the Anti-Corruption Campaign of the Xi Jinping(習近平) regime. The Central Discipline Inspection Commission (CDIC), steered by President Xi Jinping and Chairman Wang Qishan, has been driving the Anti-Corruption Campaign. The political purposes of the Anti-Corruption Campaign are first, it aims to eliminate Xi s political rivals, which would increase the centralization of power in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Xi. Second, the campaign intends to consolidate the Party s domination. Rebuilding party discipline by investigating local officials gives the Party stronger control, and replacing corrupt local officials increases the Party s power before the 19th National Party Congress in 2017. Third, the campaign is justified as “an eradication of politically ambitious people” and “deepening reforms.” Enhancement of the Party s domination through the eradication of “politically ambitious people” who break party discipline is a veiled attack on political rivals. Attacks against vested interests groups, like the Oil Gang (石油幇, Shiyoubang), that distort the market, deepen reforms which in turn supports economic development.

침치료가 뇌졸중으로 인한 구음장애에 미치는 음향적 특성에 대한 증례보고

이민구,박세욱,이선우,유현희,이승언,김용정,손지우,임은경,김성남,이인,문병순,윤종민,Lee, Min-Goo,Park, Sae-Wook,Lee, Sun-Woo,Ryu, Hyun-Hee,Lee, Seung-Eon,Kim, Yong-Jeong,Son, Ji-Woo,Rhim, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Sung-Nam,Lee, In,Moon, Byung-Soon 대한한방내과학회 2005 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives : The aim of this study is to find the acoustic characteristics of acupuncture therapy effects on post-stroke dysarthria. Methods : Acupuncture therapy was applied for four to six weeks by inserting needles into eight acupuncture points, CV23, CV24, bilateral 'Sheyu' and ipsilateral ST4, ST6 and contralateral LI4, ST36 on facial palsy side. All the speech samples were collected, pre-treatment and post-treatment, using Computerized Speech Lab. VOT and TD of each speech sample and vowel formant(F1&F2) were analyzed on spectrogram. Result : VOT and TD were decreased after treatment. F1 was decreased, and F2 was increased after treatment. Conclusions : This suggests that acupuncture therapy improves symptoms of post-stroke dysarthria by stimulating articulation organs such as tongue, lips, cheeks, larynx and pharynx.

중국의 외국인직접투자(FDI)와 중국식 발전모델

이민자 (李民子 LEE Min-Ja) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2009 신아세아 Vol.16 No.2

중국 경제개혁의 특징은 ‘외국인 직접투자(FDI: Foreign Direct Investment)’를 중심으로 수출주도형 경제발전을 추진하여 고도성장에 성공한 것이다. 중국 FDI에 관한 기존연구는 경제발전의 시각에서 순기능과 역기능을 설명하는데 중점을 두었다. 그러나 2001년 이후 중국의 FDI 정책이 변화되고 있는데 그 이유는 무엇이며, 이런 FDI 정책 변화를 ‘중국식 발전 모델’의 시각에서 어떻게 볼 수 있는지, FDI가 중국의 사회․정치적 변화의 차원에서 어떤 함의를 지니는지에 관한 연구는 상대적으로 소홀히 다루어졌다. 이 논문은 1992년부터 2001년 WTO 가입 이전까지 FDI 의존적 발전, 2001년 이후 FDI 개방 확대, FDI 우대정책 폐지 및 관리 강화라는 정책변화를 ‘중국식 발전모델(Beijing Consensus)’의 시각에서 연구한다. 핵심 문제의식은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동아시아국가들이 차관 의존적 발전을 한 것과 달리 중국은 1992년 이후 왜 FDI 의존적 발전방식을 선택했는가? 둘째, 2001년 이후 FDI 정책 변화의 핵심 내용은 무엇이며 왜 이런 변화가 발생했는 가? FDI 정책 변화는 ‘중국식 발전모델’의 시각에서 어떻게 해석할 수 있는가? 셋째, 중국정부의 FDI 정책이 중국의 민주화를 지연시키고 공산당 통치체제 유지에 기여했는가? 이런 의문들에 대한 해답을 찾는 과정을 통해 중국의 ‘경제개혁 심화’와 ‘공산당체제 유지’를 중국식 발전모델의 특징으로 설명하고 있다. Chinese economic reform has successfully accomplished high growth of economy by adopting export promotion policy on the basis of foreign direct investment(FDI). Studies about Chinese FDI policy, until now, have focused on good and bad effects on economic development. There has not been enough research on the cause of Chinese FDI policy change after joining WTO in 2001, its relations to Chinese development model, and the influence of FDI policy on socio-political change. This study focuses on Chinese FDI policy change on the basis of Beijing Consensus: i. e., FDI dependent development from 1992 to joining WTO in 2001, open-door policy for FDI after 2001, and the abolition of preferential policy for FDI and intensification of management. I raised four questions in detail. First, why China chose FDI dependent development after 1992 while other East Asian countries chose foreign loan dependent development? Second, what was the contents of main change of FDI policy after 2001 and the meaning in terms of Chinese development model, and what was the reason? Third, did Chinese FDI policy change contribute to sustain the governing of communist party and to delay democratization? Answering these questions, I explained Chinese ‘strong economic reform’ and ‘the sustenance of communist party system’ as the special feature of Chinese development model.

자기균형 이륜차의 LQ 자세 제어 및 주행

이민하(M. H. Lee),이은강(E.K. Lee),이우진(W. J. Lee),정진산(J. S. Jung),이종선(C. S. Lee) 한국정밀공학회 2014 한국정밀공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10월

중국식 민주와 공산당 체제의 공존

이민자(李民子)(LEE Min-Ja) 신아시아연구소(구 신아세아질서연구회) 2013 신아세아 Vol.20 No.3

In order to understand the limitation of political reform in Xi Jinping administration, I have compared Chinese-Style Democracy with Western Democracy and clarified the distinction. The reason that Chinese government criticizes Western liberal democracy, representing a multiparty system, a free election and separation of the three branches of government, and emphasizes ‘Chinese-Style Democracy’ is to justify one-party rule of the Communist Party. ‘Democracy within the Party’ is pushed forward with strategic intentions that the Communist Party solidifies its ruling foothold and expands its support base and ultimately ensures stability of Community system and justifies the Community system. In conclusion, ‘Chinese-Style Democracy’ and ‘Democracy within the Party’ is a strategy of the Communist Party’s long-term seizure of power that delays ‘liberal political democratization.’