성공적인 한국 기업집단의 경영체제 특성과 미래 방향 모색

이경묵(Kyungmook Lee),홍길표(Kil-Pyo Hong) 한국인사조직학회 2014 인사조직연구 Vol.22 No.1

본 논문에서는 세계적인 경쟁력을 가진 한국 기업집단의 경영체제를 분석함으로써, 경영체제상의 한국 기업의 성공요인을 찾아내고, 이를 바탕으로 한국 기업의 경영체제가 지향할 방향을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 한국기업의 경영체제 특성을 연구하기 위한 핵심주제와 그 현상특성에 대해 개관하였고, 이를 기반으로 사례연구의 분석관점을 구성했다. 사례연구는 세계적인 경쟁력을 갖춘 한국 기업집단인 삼성그룹, 현대기아차그룹, 포스코그룹을 대상으로 수행했다. 사례연구를 바탕으로 한국의 대표적 기업집단이 세계적인 기업집단으로 도약하는데 기여한 경영체제상의 세 가지 특성을 도출하였다. 첫째, 세계적인 기업을 만들겠다는 원대한 비전과 강렬한 의지를 가지고 있으면서도 동시에 주력사업의 핵심성공요소를 잘 이해한 뛰어난 그룹 최고결정권자가 존재했다는 점, 둘째, 이들이 장기간 기업을 이끌면서 막강한 권한을 행사할 수 있도록 지배기반을 제공한 계열사간 복합적인 소유구조와 계열사간 관계를 유지할 수 있었다는 점, 셋째, 그룹 최고결정권자의 리더십 및 소유구조 특성에 적합한 그룹경영시스템을 구축하여 그룹 임직원들의 역량을 결집해 나갔다는 점 등을 들 수 있다. 이들 사례가 다른 한국기업에 던지는 시사점으로 본 연구에서는 주력사업의 핵심성공요소를 잘 이해하면서도 세계 일류기업을 만들겠다는 강한 의지를 가진 최고결정권자의 육성과 검증, 장기적인 관점에서의 비전경영, 조직의 각 부문과 임직원들이 그룹 최고결정권자의 강한 의지에 맞게 행동하도록 하는 그룹경영 시스템의 구축이 필요하다는 점을 제시하였다. This paper aims to identify the success factors in the governance systems of Korean corporate groups and suggests the future directions of the governance systems of Korean firms by analyzing three successful Korean corporate groups: Samsung, Hyundai-Kia Motors, and POSCO. In order to analyze their governance structures, we developed a two-by-two matrix framework to identify their key governance system characteristics. In one dimension, we distinguish non-Chaebol corporate groups from Chaebol type. In the other dimension, we identify vertically-integrated corporate groups with a single core business from diversified corporate groups with multiple core businesses. Samsung group is a Chaebol type corporate group with multiple core businesses, while Hyundai-Kia Motors group is a Chaebol type corporate group with a single core business. POSCO group is a non-Chaebol corporate group with a single core business. Then, we describe the governance systems of each corporate group in detail. We collected data mainly by interviewing multiple executives of those groups. Samsung group is the largest and most successful Korean corporate group so far. It has grown very fast and has become a world-class corporate group under the leadership of group Chairman Kun-Hee Lee. Key characteristics of Samsung’s governance system can be summarized as follows. First, the role of Chairman Lee has been critical in Samsung’s success in the global market. He had a very strong will to transform Samsung into a world-class corporate group, provided an audacious vision to organizational members of the Samsung group, and suggested basic direction to transform the group by using his business insight. He directed the group with a long-term vision and deep understanding of the critical success factors of Samsung’s major businesses. Chairman Lee’s vision has been implemented by a very powerful group headquarters and by professional managers. The group headquarters coordinates and integrates decisions of affiliate companies to pursue group level optimization. The headquarters exerts a strong influence on nominating directors and executives of affiliate companies, and is involved in major investment decisions of the affiliates. Executives of affiliate companies are nominated on the basis of their own performance as well as of the performance of the organizational unit they work for. Monetary compensation of organizational members is very tightly linked with business performance and thus the incentives of stockholders, executives, and the rank-and-file are tightly aligned. This tight incentive alignment helps Samsung concentrate efforts of its employees to achieve the vision of Chairman Lee. The Hyundai-Kia Motors group has emerged as a major player in world automobile industry under the leadership of Chairman Mong-Ku Chung. Similar to Samsung’s Chairman Lee, Chairman Chung had a very strong will to build up a world-class automobile corporate group, provided an audacious vision, and dictated the quality improvement as the most important success factor in the automobile industry. While Chairman Lee delegates most of his decisions to professional managers in Samsung, Chairman Chung remains involved in major decisions of his affiliate companies. Chairman Chung has practiced “management by wandering around.” He has frequently visited major places of his concern and checks whether his vision is being properly implemented. Group headquarters does not play a major role in group-level governance in this group but provide decision support services to Chairman Chung and the CEOs of affiliate companies. While a very large portion of executives in affiliate companies of Samsung group are trained in managerial functions such as finance, accounting, human resources management, and auditing, the majority of executives in the Hyundai-Kia Motors group are trained in assembly, quality control, sales and marketing, and R&D.

지역아동센터 아동 대상 조리교육 프로그램 개발 및 적용

이경아 ( Kyung-a Lee ),이경애 ( Kyong-ae Lee ),권미라 ( Meera Kweon ),김미자 ( Mi-ja Kim ),류은순 ( Eun Soon Lyu ),문보경 ( Bo Kyung Moon ),박옥진 ( Ok Jin Park ),이애랑 ( Ae-rang Lee ),이윤진 ( Yoon-jin Lee ),이인선 ( In-seon Lee 한국식품조리과학회 2021 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.37 No.2

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop cooking program for children at community center. Methods: This study consisted of three parts. Part I involved determining the demand for a cooking program by educators (dietitians). In parts II and III the cooking program was developed and applied, respectively. A survey was carried out on 66 educators (dietitians) using self-administered questionnaire. Questions were based on current status and requirements of cooking programs. Cooking recipes and videos were focused on easily applicated, using common food ingredients, and safe for children. After application of the cooking education, program satisfaction was investigated. Results: Educators (dietitians) stated they needed a well constructed educational program, educational tools, and teaching manuals for children. In accord with survey results, three cooking recipes and videos were developed for children and recipe illustration cards were produced. Menus were ‘baby gimbap with a perilla leaf’, ‘steamed egg with tofu and scallions’, and ‘a bowl of rice with bean sprouts and egg’. Educators’ satisfaction scores for the developed cooking program after it has been applied at 12 community centers were very high. Conclusion: A various and practical cooking education program should be developed for children at community centers.

개선된 전차원 자속 관측기를 사용한 영구자석 동기전동기의 센서리스 속도 제어

이경구(Kyoung-Gu Lee),이준석(June-Seok Lee),이교범(Kyo-Beum Lee) 전력전자학회 2013 전력전자학회 논문지 Vol.18 No.6

유기농업단지 농수로 저니토 중의 화학 성분 함량 변화

이경도(Kyung-Do Lee),강종국(Jong-Gook Kang),길근환(Geun-Hwan Gil),이장희(Jang-Hee Lee),이경보(Kyeng-Bo Lee),김재덕(Jae-Duk Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2007 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2007 No.10

ADHD 초등학생의 학교적응과 학교기반개입에 대한 부모의 인식과 요구

이경아 ( Kyung Ah Lee ),이윤미 ( Yun Mi Lee ),이정림 ( Jeong Rim Lee ),이숙정 ( Suk Jeong Rhie ) 한국정서행동장애학회 2008 정서ㆍ행동장애연구 Vol.24 No.4

도시생태현황지도를 활용한 열취약성 평가 연구 - 수원시를 사례로 -

이경일(Lee, Kyung Il),이성주(Lee, Sung Joo),Tuvshinjargal Namuun,이은선(Lee, Eun Sun),이관규(Lee, Gwan Gyu),전성우(Jeon, Seong Woo) 한국기후변화학회 2020 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.11 No.6-1

Biotope map is a high-resolution ecological information map that reflects environmental and ecological characteristics and values, and can be used as basic data for sustainable urban management. Its utilization for establishment of urban planning is encouraged nationally, but such action has been rarely implemented. In this study, vulnerability assessment in urban thermal environments of Suwon was conducted based on a biotope map. For the vulnerability assessment, 17 indicators for exposure-sensitivity-adaptability were constructed and utilized based on existing studies related to thermal environments such as heat waves and urban heat islands. As a result of the analysis, the regions belonging to the urban biotope showed a higher overall vulnerability than the green biotope regions. Among urban biotope, higher vulnerability was found in manufacturing, residential and commercial areas with high floor-area ratio and impermeable area ratio. In the unit of administrative districts, Paldal-gu, which has the highest ratio of residential and commercial regions, showed the highest overall vulnerability. Thermal vulnerability clearly depended on the distribution of biotope type, even within the same administrative district. In conclusion, an efficient policy and budgeting regarding the thermal environment of urban city should be implemented in consideration of its biotope type and inner driving factor. This study has a meaning in that it could support the establishment of practical and efficient urban and environmental planning to improve thermal environments based on high-resolution biotope map.

영농기 유기농업단지 소하천 농업용수 중의 영양염류 농도 변화

이경도(Kyung-Do Lee),길근환(Geun-Hwan Gil),강종국(Jong-Gook Kang),이장희(Jang-Hee Lee),이경보(Kyeong-Bo Lee),김재덕(Jae-Duk Kim) 한국토양비료학회 2008 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2008 No.5

뇌전도 기반 마우스 제어를 위한 동작 상상 뇌 신호 분석

이경연(Kyeong-Yeon Lee),이태훈(Tae-Hoon Lee),이상윤(Sang-Yoon Lee) 한국인지과학회 2010 인지과학 Vol.21 No.2

In this paper, we studied the brain-computer interface (BCI). BCIs help severely disabled people to control external devices by analyzing their brain signals evoked from motor imageries. The findings in the field of neurophysiology revealed that the power of β(14-26 Hz) and β(8-12 Hz) rhythms decreases or increases in synchrony of the underlying neuronal populations in the sensorymotor cortex when people imagine the movement of their body parts. These are called Event-Related Desynchronization / Synchronization (ERD/ERS), respectively. We implemented a BCI-based mouse interface system which enabled subjects to control a computer mouse cursor into four different directions (e.g., up, down, left, and right) by analyzing brain signal patterns online. Tongue, foot, left-hand, and right-hand motor imageries were utilized to stimulate a human brain. We used a non-invasive EEG which records brain's spontaneous electrical activity over a short period of time by placing electrodes on the scalp. Because of the nature of the EEG signals, i.e., low amplitude and vulnerability to artifacts and noise, it is hard to analyze and classify brain signals measured by EEG directly. In order to overcome these obstacles, we applied statistical machine-learning techniques. We could achieve high performance in the classification of four motor imageries by employing Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) which transformed input EEG signals into a new coordinate system making the variances among different motor imagery signals maximized for easy classification. From the inspection of the topographies of the results, we could also confirm ERD/ERS appeared at different brain areas for different motor imageries showing the correspondence with the anatomical and neurophysiological knowledge. 본 논문에서는 사지가 마비되어 신체를 움직이지 못하지만 뇌의 기능은 살아있는 장애인들을 위하여, 생각만으로 외부의 장치를 제어할 수 있도록 하는 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스(BCI: Brain-Computer Interface) 기술을 연구하였다. 신경생리학 분야에서의 연구 결과에 의하면, 신체를 움직이는 상상을 할 경우, 뇌의 운동/감각 피질 영역에서는 ?β파(14-26 Hz)와 β파(8-12 Hz)가 억제/증가되는 ERD/ERS(Event-Related Desynchronization / Synchronization) 현상이 발생한다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 이를 기반으로 혀, 발, 왼손, 오른손의 동작 상상을 자극으로 이용하여 변화하는 뇌 신호 패턴을 실시간으로 분석하여 피험자의 생각을 읽을 수 있도록 하였으며, 상 · 하 · 좌 · 우의 네 방향으로 이동할 수 있도록 하는 마우스 제어 인터페이스를 구현하였다. 동작 상상 시 발생하는 뇌 신경 활동의 변화를 관측하기 위해서 뇌에 손상을 주지 않으면서도 높은 시간 해상도로 측정이 가능한 비침습적 뇌전도(EEG: ElectroEncephaloGraphy)를 이용하였다. 그러나 뇌전도 신호는 특성상 신호의 크기가 미약하고, 잡음의 영향을 많아 분석이 어렵다. 따라서 이를 극복하기 위해 통계적 방법을 기반으로 한 기계학습 기법인 CSP(Common Spatial Pattern)와 선형판별 분석(Linear Discriminant Analysis)을 이용하여 서로 다른 동작 상상에 의해 발생하는 뇌 신호들 간의 분산이 최대가 되도록 신호를 변환하여 인식 성능을 높일 수 있었다. 또한 분석된 뇌 신호의 시각화를 통해, 기존에 알려진 뇌의 해부학적, 신경생리학적 지식과 일치하는 ERD/ERS 현상이 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

심한 호중구 감소증을 보인 X-관련성 범저감마글로불린혈중 1례

이경연 ( Kyoung Yeon Lee ),이동규 ( Dong Kyu Lee ),박준은 ( Jun Eun Park ),이재호 ( Jae Ho Lee ),이명익 ( Myung Ik Lee ) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회 2002 Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease Vol.12 No.4

저자들은 폐렴치료 중 1개월 이상 심한 호중구 감소증이 지속되었던, 유전자 분석으로 확진된 XLA 환아를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하며, 만성 혹은 반복되는 감염의 증상과 함께 호중구 감소증이 나타날 때 XLA를 포함한 면역결핍질환을 의심하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다. X-linked agammaglobulinemia(XLA) is characterized by markedly reduced number of B lymphocytes, panhypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections in the first few years of life because of genetic defect for Bruton`s tyrosine kinase at Xq22 region. A

내진용 고강도강재(SHN460)를 적용한 압연H형강 보-기둥 접합부의 내진성능 평가

이경구(Lee, Kyungkoo),김대희(Kim, Dae Hee),이동석(Lee, Dong Seok),서정환(Seo Jeong Hwan),양재근(Yang Jae Guen),이은택(Lee, Eun Taek) 한국강구조학회 2022 한국강구조학회 학술대회 발표집 Vol.33 No.1