<Troilus and Cressida> 의 희비극성

윤화영 한국연극학회 1985 한국연극학 Vol.2 No.1

학교 밖 초등과학교사학습공동체 참여 경험을 통한 구성원들의 수업전문성, 교사리더십의 변화 - 초등과학사랑의 사례를 중심으로 -

윤화영,이선경 한국초등과학교육학회 2018 한국초등과학교육학회 학술대회 Vol.74 No.-

노화에 따른 구강기 연하 장애 환자의 식사 조절

윤화영 대한연하장애학회 2016 대한연하장애학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Dysphagia is a dysfunction that occurs during the swallowing process, which involves the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages of the swallowing route. Dysphagia is a prevalent symptom in elderly patients with degenerative diseases such as stroke, dementia, and Parkinson’s disease. Dysphagia that occurs in the elderly is often caused by oral phase dysfunction. Oral phase dysfunction is a problem that occurs during the first stage of swallowing. The symptoms of age-associated dysphagia are the following signs: increased oral residual and longer mastication with slower oral bolus transit movement. Dysphagia can lead to malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, functional decline, and fear of eating and drinking as well as a decrease in quality of life (QOL). Modification in viscosity and texture of food is usually helpful in resolving the nutritional problem of patients presenting signs of oral phase dysfunction. The degree of dietary modification can affect compliance of the diet. Adequate assessment and dietary modifications are important for successful dietary intervention for the elderly patients.

해외통신원 보고-맛이 있어행복한 도시 Paris

윤화영,Yun, Hwa-Yeong 대한제과협회 2002 베이커리 Vol.7 No.-

도덕 경험론의 욕망과 도덕규범의 문제

윤화영 한국윤리학회(8A3209) 2018 윤리학 Vol.7 No.2

This article argues that moral empiricism has a definite disadvantage compared to moral rationalism. The former argues, by focusing on moral agents’ behavior such as desires and wants, that it can explain away the nature of moral norms and structure through an epistemic analysis. In contrast, moral rationalism holds that moral norms and structure can be constructed or analyzed by universal or theoretical reason. Moral empiricists deny the function of reason in this matter. The author examines John Mackie and Peter Railton, both of whom can represent moral empiricism, to show that moral empiricism's argument is unjustified. The empirical analysis as theirs confirms and relies only on the existence of given moral convention, rather than illustrating how the convention can be formed or changed. The reason for this difficulty comes from the inadequacy of empiricists’ tools that are wants, desires, and instrumental reason. These can be meaningful only within the range of given moral convention, so the tools cannot be applied beyond what lies beyond the range-- that is, the examination of how the moral norms and structure are made. This examination is not an empirical research, so that it can be dealt only by transcendental reason. Meanwhile moral rationalism can accommodate instrumental reason or desire--major weapons wielded by moral empiricism. That is, moral rationalism admits that average moral agents can be motivated by wants and desires, or by instrumental reason. But wants and desires are not consistent at all, and conflictive with each other, so that moral norms and system can be constructed only by rational thinking. Then moral agents can internalize moral norms and maintain moral life with the trust in the given moral system--so-called moral convention. This epistemic explanation or description on this moral behavior can be a contribution from moral empiricism, but it cannot be said, the author argues, that the explanation is solely right. 본 논문은 도덕 경험론이 도덕 이성론과 비교해서 어떤 문제가 있음을 주장한다. 도덕경험론은 도덕행위자들의 욕망과 바람에 초점을 맞추고 그들의 인식론적 분석을 통해 도덕규범과 체계의 본질을 설명할 수 있다고 주장한다. 반면에 잘 알려진 대로, 도덕 이성론은 보편적 이성 또는 이론적 이성을 통해서 도덕규범과 체계를 구성하거나 분석할 수 있다고 주장한다. 그런데 도덕적 경험론자들은 이런 이성적 기능이 불필요하다고 말한다. 필자는 대표적인 도덕적 경험론자인 존 맥키와 피터 레일톤의 이론들을 분석하여 이들 이론은 도덕규범과 체계의 구성과 분석을 다루지 못한다는 것을 보여준다. 이런 경험적 방법은 결국 주어진 도덕적 전통을 재확인 하고 거기에 의존하는 방법에 그치고 말게 되며, 도덕적 전통 자체를 분석하거나 그 변화를 설명할 수 없게 된다. 경험론적 도덕론이 도덕규범과 체계의 근본에 대해 논할 수 없는 주된 이유는 그들이 사용하는 도구의 부적절성에서 온다고 할 수 있다. 그들은 도덕행위자의 욕망이나 바람 또는 도구적 이성에 의존하는데, 이런 것들은 주어진 또는 전통적 도덕규범과 체계의 범위 안에서만 의미가 있는 도구들이므로, 그 범위 밖, 즉 도덕적 전통이 어떻게 구성될 수 있는지에 대해서는 이 도구들로 다룰 수가 없는 것이다. 도덕규범과 체계의 구성은 경험할 수 있는 사건이 아니며, 그것들을 논하는 방법은 경험을 초월하는 이성적 사유로서만이 가능한 것이다. 한편 도덕 이성론은 도덕적 경험론에서 언급하는 도구적 이성이나 욕망 등을 이미 수용하고 있다. 즉 도덕 이성론자들은 평범한 도덕행위자들이 욕망이나 바람에 의해 행위의 동기부여가 됨을 인정하는 것이다. 그러나 욕망이나 바람은 일관성이 없고 서로 갈등을 일으킬 수 있으므로 이성적 사유에 의해 도덕규범들과 도덕체계를 만들게 된다고 보는 것이다. 그런 연후에 도덕행위자들은 전통으로 주어진 도덕규범들을 내재화하거나 도덕체계에 대한 신뢰를 바탕으로 도덕생활을 영위할 수 있는 것이다. 그런 인식론적 설명과 묘사가 도덕적 경험론이 기여할 수 있는 부분이 될 수도 있으나 경험론의 설명이 절대적으로 옳다고 할 수만은 없다는 것이다.

베케트의 ‘ghost’: 목소리를 위한 수사법:텔레비전극 What Where를 중심으로

윤화영 한국현대영미드라마학회 2002 현대영미드라마 Vol.15 No.3

Beckett called What Where a “memory play” and, on this premise, I discuss the play as a visual icon that contracts some aspects of his life and writing career in abstract terms. In the first place, I relate the so-called ghostly quality of his works to Paul de Man’s discussion of prosopopoeia as a trope for the voice. Thus, Bam, Bem, Bim, Bom are ghosts or personas that haunted the closed space of his brain, dramatized here as a rectangular playing area, at various stages of his writing career. Next, I analyze three different versions of What Where: two for the stage and one for the TV screen. As he rewrites the text for TV, the body of the actors is gone except for the faces and these fragmented faces are transformed into blurred images against the black background on screen on the brink of dissipation. Last stage versions retain the one dimensional, visual art quality of the screen version achieving the pure image even with the corporeal body of the actors. I discuss the aesthetic quality and power of these pure images.

젖소에서의 산욕기질병 발생예견에 관한 연구

윤화영,최희인,Youn Hwa-Young,Choi Hee-In 한국임상수의학회 1985 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.2 No.1

In order to establish a method predicting susceptible cows to the parturient syndrome, various serum chemical parameters (calcium, phosphorus, Ca/P, magnesium, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G, total lipid, non-esterified fatty acid(NEFA) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)) were measured during late pregnancy and their relationships with periparturient diseases were investigated during puerpural period. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, magnesium, total protein, globulin, A/G ratio and total lipid at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 70.7%. 2. In the experimental cows producing more than 21kg of milk per day, the factors affecting the prediction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, NEFA and A/G ratio at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 66.7%. 3. In the experimental cows calved more than 3 times, the factors affecting the perdiction of susceptible cows to parturient syndrome were calcium, total protein, albumin and NEFA at 30 day antepartum and the diagnosability was 83.3%.

Irrationality in Queerness Arguments by John Mackie and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong

윤화영 철학연구회 2015 哲學硏究 Vol.0 No.111

To those who oppose objectivism, John Mackie’s Argument from Queerness must be very fascinating. It is because the concept can be a fatal blow against any kind of objectivism. However, the author argues that Mackie’s theory contains irrationality of moral agents. The author examines another argument for the queerness, presented recently by Walter Sinnott-Armstrong. The author’s point of argument is that Sinnott-Armstrong’ commits the same fallacy. His queerness is somewhat different from Mackie’s, so that it cannot contribute directly to Mackie’s. However, the author interprets Sinnott-Armstrong’s argument for Mackie’s advantage. That is, if objectivists are not motivated by objective values, but the two internalisms proposed by Sinnott-Armstrong, Mackie’s queerness may be confirmed. The author argues, however, that Sinnott-Armstrong’s argument ultimately fails because his argument also includes moral agents’ irrationality.

프랑스 최고의 바게트 '삐샤르'

윤화영,Yun, Hwa-Yeong 대한제과협회 2002 베이커리 Vol.8 No.-

사이먼 블랙번의 투사론과 수반

윤화영 평택대학교 사회과학연구소 2006 사회과학연구 Vol.10 No.-