고전적 유신론과 만유재신론

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2009 한국조직신학논총 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of this article is to grope for the prospect of the desirable panentheistic vision by comparing the main points of panentheism with those of classical theism. Classical theism is the mainstream doctrine of God in the Christian tradition. It was formed in the ancient Hellenistic influenced by the ideas of Greek philosophers such as Plato, Plotinus and Aristotle, and has been worked out and carried on in the western theological tradition. Classical Theism asserts that God is transcendent, selfsufficient, eternal, and immutable. It also emphasizes the apathy and the impassivity of God. In the dualistic point of view, classical theism separates God, the Creator, and the world created. Panentheism, the term devised by Karl C, F. Krause, says that God is present in All while being transcendent at the same time. Panentheism emphasizes the intimate relationship between God and the world. God gives human beings the freedom to choose among the possibilities, which is the prerequisite of responsibilities. The power of God is neither one-sided nor compulsory but persuasive and patient. It is the power of love, which is nothing other than God. This view can be maintained on the basis of biblical proofs, too. One of the useful analogies which well explains the panentheistic relationship between God and the world is the mind/body model. It`s an alternative model to overcome the dualistic world-view of classical theism and to contribute to understanding the organic relationship of God and the world, though this analogia has a weak point to maintain the transcendence of God as creator. So the hermeneutic task is required. Classical theism in the traditional form has many differences from panentheism, yet the actively revised classical theism, which admits the participation of God into time and world, and recognizes the mutual relationship between them can be a good theological companion and dialogical partner with panentheism.

창조와 진화

윤철호 ( Youn Chul-ho ) 한국조직신학회 2018 한국조직신학논총 Vol.51 No.-

This writing intends to propose a desirable model of understanding the relation between creation and evolution. In this writing the author, after investigating the atheistic evolutionism, scientific creationism(young earth creationism), and the theory of intelligent design among diverse views regarding the relation between creation and evolution, suggests the model of theistic evolutionism centered around the concept of emergent evolution which the author thinks as the most proper as an alternative to those three views. This writing makes it clear that evolutionism intrinsically has nothing to do with atheism, brings to light that the scientific creationism makes severe mistakes both in its biblical interpretation and scientific assertion, and points out that the argument of the theory of intelligent design is not a scientific argument but a metaphysical one. Proposing the model of theistic evolution which the author regards as the most proper alternative to the other three views, this writing discusses especially the biblical hermeneutics and the naturalist methodology of science.

공적신학의 주요 초점과 과제

윤철호 ( Youn Chul Ho ) 한국조직신학회 2016 한국조직신학논총 Vol.46 No.-

In recent days, `public theology` which emphasizes the publicness and social responsibility of the church and theology is emerging as one of main concerns in the Korean Church and theological circle. This concern on public theology reflects the growth of the renewed consciousness about the public and social responsibility of the church toward the world in the crisis situation of Korean church which, increasingly losing trust from society, is in a serious recession. One of the noticeable reasons why Korean church came to encounter mistrust from society is that it is shown as a group which, being unable to communicate with the wider society, remains isolated from society and, seeking its own selfish satisfaction, stays within its own closed fence with an exclusive attitude. Thus, the subject of this study is, as is shown in the title, “the seminal features and tasks of public theology.” First, this study makes an introduction about the definitions of public theology. Second, it clarifies that the theological ground of public theology is offered by the Kingdom of God proclaimed and practiced by Jesus Christ and the universality of divine reality. Third, it explains how public theology is distinguished from civil religion, political theology, and liberation theology. Forth, it discusses the methodology of public theology. Fifth, it argues that the publicness of public theology is to be found between privatization and politicization. Sixth, it introduces Volf`s concepts of “internal difference” and “religious political pluralism” which he proposes as an alternative strategy against both secularist exclusion and totalitarian intervention. Seventh, drawing on Stackhouse, it confirms that public theology is required even more urgently in the contemporary context of globalization than ever before. And finally, as a conclusion, it suggests the seminal features and tasks of public theology in terms of seven points of view.

정신분석 이론과 종교이해에 대한 신학적 고찰 프로이트와 대상관계 이론을 중심으로

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2013 한국조직신학논총 Vol.35 No.-

This writing is an interdisciplinary study which intends to find the similarity in dissimilarity and the possibility of resonance between psychoanalysis and theology and finds the theological significance implied in the theory of psychoanalysis and its understanding of religion. Psychoanalysis is the mental medicine originated by Sigmund Freud. Today, the orthodox Freudian school and the post- Freudian object relation theories coexist. There is, however, no one uniformed object relation school but are diverse forms of object relation theories. In this study I, focusing on Freud and several representative object relation theorist, intend to investigate psychoanalytic theories and their understanding of religion and especially to figure out the theological and soteriological implication found in the therapeutic transference. First, I enquire into Freud`s psychoanalytic theory and object relation theorists` psychoanalytic theories, and then their understandings of religion in order. Next, I explore the parallel between the therapeutic transference and the religious dynamic, the transformation of self through psychoanalytic treatment and the change of God`s image or God relation by means of the object relation theory and clinical cases. And finally, I investigate into the theological significances of the core contents manifested through the psychoanalytic theory and clinical cases, that is, the understanding of human beings in psychoanalysis, the understanding of God as transferential projection, the parallel between therapeutic transference and God`s image or God relation, and psychoanalytic therapy through empathic understanding. The conclusion of this writing is that the ultimate way towards the therapeutic transference and salvation of human beings is in the “happy exchange” engendered by the “com-p a s s i o n a t e-e m p h a t i c love of God” as manifested in the cross.

악의 기원과 극복에 대한 신학적 고찰

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2011 한국조직신학논총 Vol.30 No.-

The reality of evil and suffering challenges the Christian faith in the existence and providence of God. Today, Christian faith is challenged by incomprehensible absurdities and horrible disasters in the world. In this paper, I try to make a theological understanding of the origin of evil and the way to overcoming it. The focus of this paper is not on the problem of theodicy itself, that is, that of the justice of God who is both omnipotent and infinitely good in the reality of evil. The purpose of this paper is to confirm in the new way the way towards the overcoming and conquest of evil, for which the investigation of the origin of evil is a prerequisite. The origin of evil is investigated with regards to the themes like creation and human beings, sin, and evil and suffering. In the next, the overcoming of evil is investigated under the subtitles God`s providence, God`s suffering in Jesus Christ, and Christians` suffering in Jesus Christ. In this paper, it is argued that the power of evil which causes suffering to human beings is overcome and conquered by the self-suffering love of God in Jesus Christ which was uniquely manifested on the cross and followed by the resurrection. And it is also stressed that Christians are called to participate in the self-suffering love of God in Jesus Christ through the discipleship of practice, even though the final resolution and conquest of evil and suffering will be ultimately fulfilled by God Himself in the eschatological future.

비환원론적 물리주의 인간 이해 ― 낸시 머피를 중심으로

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2014 한국조직신학논총 Vol.38 No.-

This writing aims at investigating Nancey Murphy`s understanding of human beings from the perspective of non-reductive physicalism which is recently regarded as a significant challenge to the traditional theological anthropology and evokes heated debate. Murphy contends for non-reductive physicalism against both traditional or modern dualism and contemporary reductive physicalism. Non-reductive physicalism is the view which insists that everything is ultimately physical yet every explanation is not given from the physical point of view. On the one hand, Murphy, rejecting traditional concepts like soul or mind based on the theory of sciences such as neurobiology, argues for the physicalist understand of human beings as spirited bodies. On the other hand, she claims that the attribute of human person exerts top-down causality which cannot be reduced to bottom-up causality and, unlike other animals, has free will, moral responsibility, and personal relationship with God. In this writing, unlike Murphy`s non-reductive physicalism, I confirm the ontological reality of soul(mind) as an emergent reality from body, and contend that it is more desirable to preserve the concept of soul(mind) as the locus where the human person has a personal relationship with God and others than to refute it as Murphy does. And I also propose that the relation between mind and body may well be understood before death in terms of dualaspect physicalism and after resurrection in terms of dual-aspect idealism.

관계론적 세계관과 여성의 발달경험 -마조리 수하키와 캐더린 켈러를 중심으로-

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국화이트헤드학회 2010 화이트헤드 연구 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to look into the close relationship between the relational perspective of process thought and the understanding of reality of women`s psychological development process. Marjorie Suchocki shows her own relational theological model on the ground of the understanding of reality which Whitehead`s process philosophy is rendering. In her metaphysical system, the nature of reality is thoroughly understood by the perspective of mutual-relationality and the openness to the change. Accordingly, it is inevitable to make a change in the traditional way of understanding God. God could not be understood as a separative, independent, and unchangeable any more, but as a relational, mutually dependent, and changeable being. Through the process thought, Suchocki secures the close relationship of God and the world which was lost in the traditional theism. This paper takes notice of the strong connection of such a relational perspective with the psycho-social experience of women. Women`s psychological development experience, in which Catherine Keller takes a profound interest, shows the consonant relationship of the feminism and process thought well. It is because the relational ego prominent in women`s experience goes together with the relational and holistic perspective of reality. For Keller, the idea of the relational ego is a new ego-ontology to make it possible to remove the separative ego image, the by-product of the hierarchical system.

포스트 토대주의 신학에서의 합리성 -호이스틴과 슐츠를 중심으로-

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2006 한국조직신학논총 Vol.16 No.-

통전적 구속교리: 형벌 대속(penal substitution)이론을 중심으로

윤철호 ( Chul Ho Youn ) 한국조직신학회 2012 한국조직신학논총 Vol.32 No.-

We Christians confess Jesus Christ as the savior or redeemer of the humanity. The focal point of the redeeming work of Jesus Christ is the atonement of the humanity through his crucifixion. There are variety of types in the way to understand and explain the atonement. Among these, probably the most influential atonement theory in the churches belonging to the so-called evangelical protestantism may be the penal substitution theory. Based on the exegesis of many texts of the Old and New Testaments, this theory understands the death of Jesus as the substitutionary sacrifice in which Jesus, by taking up the punishment the humanity deserves because of his/her sin, propitiated the wrath of God and satisfied the divine justice. Up until now, this theory has been regarded as the orthodox atonement doctrine which represents the soteriology of the evangelical churches particularly in the Reformed tradition. Today, however, critical views against this theory have been raised by many theologians. Steve Chalke and Alan Mann, who wrote The Lost Message of Jesus which evoked great repercussions among theological circles, are the two of the theologians who refute the penal substitution theory. They criticize that this theory makes the loving God the Father a tyrant who pumps his anger into His Son burning with revenge. They insist that this theory entirely contradicts not only with the biblical witness of God as love but also with Jesus` teaching that we should love our enemy without returning evil for evil. In this paper, at first, I introduce the major types of traditional atonement theories which have been formulated in the Church history. At second, I investigate the main points of the penal substitution theory. At third, I introduce the critical views of the theologians in recent day against this theory. At fourth, I enquire into the sacrificial rite and prophetic message in the Old Testament and the understanding of the death of Jesus by Jesus himself and the New Testament writers. And finally, I try to propose a vision of the wholistic atonement theology which is both faithful to the biblical witnesses and intelligible to contemporary circumstances.

통전적인 종말론적 하나님 나라와 현실 변혁적 교회

윤철호(Chul Ho Youn) 한국기독교학회 2006 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.44 No.-