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오목한 반구면의 Jet Impingement/Effusion Hole 주변 유동 특성에 대한 실험과 시뮬레이션의 비교
윤성지,서희림,염은섭 한국가시화정보학회 2022 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.20 No.2
Flow characteristics of jet impingement over concave hemispherical surface with effusion cooling holes is relatively more complex than that of a flat surface, so the experimental validation for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results is important. In this study, experimental results were compared with simulation results obtained by assuming different turbulence models. The vortex was observed in the region between the central jets where the recirculation structure appeared. The different patterns of vorticity distributions were observed for each turbulence models due to different interaction of the injected jet flow. Among them, the transition k-kl-ω model predicted similarly not only the jet potential core region with higher velocity, but also the recirculation region between the central jets. From the validation, it may be helpful to accurately predict heat and mass transfer in jet impingement/effusion hole system.
윤성지(Sung Ji Yoon),안윤주(Youn Joo An) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.4
나노산업의 발달로 인해 나노제품의 제조, 소비, 폐기 과정에서 나노물질이 직·간접적인 경로를 통해 수생태 및 토양 생태계로 유입되고 있다. 나노물질은 벌크물질과는 다른 특성을 가지고 있으며 나노물질의 다양한 물리화학적 변화는 환경내 나노물질의 거동 및 무생물적·생물적 상호작용에 영향을 미친다. 나노물질의 생태 독성 연구는 꾸준하게 증가하는 추세이며 특히 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구가 최근 보고되고 있다. 마이크로코즘(Microcosm)은 통제된 실험 조건 하에서 생태계의 일부분을 모사하여 자연 현상을 연구하기 위한 기법으로서, 마이크로코즘 연구는 생태계 내 나노물질의 거동과 통합적인 독성영향 평가를 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 수생태 및 토양생태계에서 나노물질을 이용한 마이크로코즘 및 메조코즘(Mesocosm) 선행연구를 국제 학술 논문을 중심으로 조사하였다. 현재까지 마이크로코즘 연구는 총 12건의 논문이 발표되었고 단 1건의 메조코즘 연구가 보고되었는데, 대부분의 연구들이 미생물 군집 수준에서 나노물질의 영향을 제한적으로 평가하였다. 나노물질의 통합적 독성 영향을 평가하기 위해서 좀 더 다양한 생물종을 대상으로 그들의 상호작용을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 수생태 및 토양생태계에서 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구동향을 분석하고 중금속, 유기물질과 같은 일반 화학물질 이용한 마이크로코즘 독성 연구를 바탕으로 향후 나노물질의 마이크로코즘 연구방향을 제시하였다. The current growth of nano-industries has resulted in released nanoparticles entering into water and soil ecosystems via various direct or indirect routes. Physicochemical properties of nanoparticles differ from bulk materials, and nanomaterials influence the fates of nanoparticles and the interactions of living or non-living things in the environment. Microcosm analysis is a research methodology for revealing natural phenomena by mimicking part of an ecosystem under controlled conditions. Microcosm study allows for the integrated analysis of toxic effects and fates of nanoparticles in the ecosystem. Ecotoxicity studies of nanomaterials are steadily increasing, and microcosm studies of nanomaterials are currently beginning to surface. In this study, microcosm studies of nanomaterials in water and soil ecosystems were extensively investigated based on SCI (E) papers. We found that the microcosm studies have been reported in 12 instances, and mesocosm studies have been reported in only once until now. Advanced research was mostly evaluated at the microorganism level. But integrated analysis of nanotoxicity is required to research the interactions based of various species. Thus, our studies analysed the trend of microcosm studies on nanomaterials in water and soil ecosystems and suggested future directions of microcosm research of nanomaterials.
황상일,윤성지,정영철 한국환경연구원 2015 수시연구보고서 Vol.2015 No.-
This is a policy-focused study of the management system on soil moving. In this report, we analyzed current state of domestic and foreign management and suggested three alternatives for management of soil moving in 1) self-regulation, 2) obligatory regulation, 3) phase-in according to types of regulation. 1) Self-regulation We suggested self-regulating system by the volition of owners of receiving site. This system is that they carry out soil contamination investigation for receiving site and soil before receiving it and identify that it was uncontaminated. If they performed the investigation process, they may be exempted from obligation for soil remediation when soil contamination in the site identified at a later date. The soil contamination investigation must be conducted by authorized investigation institute and prepared guideline for it. We proposed that the acceptable standards for substances in receiving soil are (1) lower than 70 % and 40 % of soil remediation standards for heavy metals/fluoride and the others, respectively, (2) lower than 80 % of soil remediation standards for all substances, (3) values which suitably developed for free use of soil in Korea. 2) Obligatory regulation We also suggested obligatory regulating system under the Soil Environment Conservation Act. When residual soil is moved from a site to another site, the project operators have to be permitted for soil moving by accredited soil management organization if destination is accurate. If not, they have to be issued a soil moving permit by Soil Management Complex and residual soil is moved to the complex temporarily. This is a measure expanding the function of Soil Management Complex under the Soil Environment Conservation Act. We made suggestions for regulation targets, acceptable standards and remediation responsibility. The regulation targets for soil moving are the large scale projects subjected to Environment Impact Assessment in case of regulating soil moving by the project scale. If the soil moving is regulated by transport load, the targets are (1) actions applied to notification duty for change of land shape and quality by the National Land Planning and Utilization Act, (2) soils more than 1000 by standard of small scale private corporation for registration in TOCYCLE, (3) soils more than 250 by standard of object of permission in Belgium. Also, we proposed that the acceptable standards for substances in receiving soil are the same as that for self-regulation except one of alternatives. The supplement is that the soils may be accepted to the receiving site if contamination level of the site is lower than the receiving soil through comparison. In this regulation system, when soil contamination in the site identified at a later date, the obligation for soil remediation is preferentially imposed on the accredited soil management organization or the Soil Management Complex. However, an executive must be make a close investigation in the site whether it is certain or not. 3) Phase-in We analyzed strengths and weaknesses for self-regulation and obligatory regulation and suggested phase regulation in over several years as a compromise proposal. First of all, the self-regulation system is enforced for a certain period, and then the obligatory regulation system is imposed when institutional arrangements are prepared.