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유호실,양세정 한국FP학회 2019 Financial Planning Review Vol.12 No.1
The Household Financial Composite Index (HFCI) was developed to measure the overall financial status of households. The process and results of the index development of this study are as follows. To derive the components of the HFCI, the financial status indicators or financial ratios were examined and organized from preceding studies and 10 household financial components selected using the Delphi survey method. The weights were calculated using a simple summation method, regression coefficient method, correlation method, and Delphi method, and weighted by each component to develop the HFCI. To verify the validity of HFCI, the study conducted correlation analysis between subjective financial states and Household Default Risk Index (HDRI), which is an index to measure the current financial soundness of households. The validity of the index was verified as the positive correlations among the HFCI, HDRI, and subjective financial states. Finally, the household financial index was developed by applying the weights using the regression coefficients and validated using the data from 2016 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study. As a result, the average general score for four-person households aged 30-59 in Korea was 56.99. The HFCI was also analyzed through the demographic characteristics, household financial components, and subjective financial states. The HFCI varied according to the level of education and the type of housing. People who felt that their financial states were good showed a higher HFCI score. 본 연구는 가계의 종합적인 재무상태를 평가하기 위한 가계재무종합지수(HFCI, Household Financial Composite Index)를 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구의 지수 개발 과정및 결과는 다음과 같다. 가계재무종합지수의 구성요소를 도출하기 위하여 관련선행연구에서 제안한 재무상태지표와 재무비율들을 정리하였고, 이를 토대로 전문가 조사법을 통하여 10개의 재무평가지표를 선정하였다. 단순합산법, 회귀계수를 이용한 방법, 상관계수를 이용한 방법, 전문가조사방법 등을 이용하여 10개의 재무평가지표 간의 중요성을 반영한 가중치를 도출하였고, 각 평가지표별 가중치를 적용함으로써 가계재무종합지수(HFCI)를 개발하였다. 개발된 가계재무종합지수의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 선행연구들에서 사용하였던 가계부실위험지수(HDRI) 및 주관적 재무상태와 가계재무종합지수 간 상관분석을 실시하였다. 최종적으로 회귀계수를 이용한 가중치를 선택하여 최종 가계재무종합지수의 산출방식을 개발하였다. 2016년 한국노동패널조사를 활용하여 가구의 특성별로 가계재무종합지수를 계산하였는데, 그 결과 우리나라 30~50대 4인 가구의 평균종합점수는 56.99점으로 나타났다. 이 외에 인구통계학적 특성이나 가계재무구성요소, 주관적 재무상태에 따른 가계재무종합지수를 산출하였는데, 교육수준, 입주형태에 따라 가계재무종합지수에 차이를 보였고, 주관적 재무상태가 여유롭다고 생각할수록 가계재무종합지수도 높은 것으로 나타났다.
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가계재무종합지수(HFCI)를 활용한 가계특성별 재무상태 평가
유호실,양세정,Yoo, Ho-Shil,Yang, Se-Jeong 대한가정학회 2021 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.59 No.1
This study evaluates the financial status of Korean households using Household Financial Composite Index (HFCI) proposed in the preceding study. We analyzed 1,566 households with four persons aged 30-59 using raw data from the Korea Labor Panel Survey in 2016. The analysis results are as follows. First, HFCI was found to be 57.0 out of 100. Growth Index as one of three subindices was 11.1, which was significantly lower with 65.0 points for Status Index and 61.1 points for the Stability Index. Second, for households with male household owners, the overall financial score was 57.0, while that with female owners was almost similar with 57.2. HFCI was similar for the owner's age groups, but for Status Index, 58.5 for 30s, compared with 66.1 for 40s and 67.1 for 50s. The higher the education level of household owners, the better HFCI, with 53.2 high school graduates and 64.8 graduate graduates, showing a high gap of 11.6 points. HFCI for households living in owned housing was highest at 60.0, while that for rented housing was 40.7. Third, after controlling other effects, it was found that HFCI differed according to the level of education and ownership of housing living. Householder's gender was not found as a significant factor on HFCI. Status Index The 40s and 50s was higher than those in their 30s. Fourth, households were divided into three groups based on HFCI, named as risk, average and secure groups. HFCI for the risk group was 26.8, which was lower than 78.6 for the secure group, with a Status Index of 19.3. Households in their 50s and graduate school graduates were significantly included in the list of secure groups than others.
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가계재무종합지수(HFCI)를 활용한 가계특성별 재무상태 평가
유호실 ( Ho-shil Yoo ),양세정 ( Se-jeong Yang ) 대한가정학회 2021 Family and Environment Research Vol.59 No.1
This study evaluates the financial status of Korean households using Household Financial Composite Index (HFCI) proposed in the preceding study. We analyzed 1,566 households with four persons aged 30-59 using raw data from the Korea Labor Panel Survey in 2016. The analysis results are as follows. First, HFCI was found to be 57.0 out of 100. Growth Index as one of three subindices was 11.1, which was significantly lower with 65.0 points for Status Index and 61.1 points for the Stability Index. Second, for households with male household owners, the overall financial score was 57.0, while that with female owners was almost similar with 57.2. HFCI was similar for the owner’s age groups, but for Status Index, 58.5 for 30s, compared with 66.1 for 40s and 67.1 for 50s. The higher the education level of household owners, the better HFCI, with 53.2 high school graduates and 64.8 graduate graduates, showing a high gap of 11.6 points. HFCI for households living in owned housing was highest at 60.0, while that for rented housing was 40.7. Third, after controlling other effects, it was found that HFCI differed according to the level of education and ownership of housing living. Householder’s gender was not found as a significant factor on HFCI. Status Index The 40s and 50s was higher than those in their 30s. Fourth, households were divided into three groups based on HFCI, named as risk, average and secure groups. HFCI for the risk group was 26.8, which was lower than 78.6 for the secure group, with a Status Index of 19.3. Households in their 50s and graduate school graduates were significantly included in the list of secure groups than others.
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