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오장환,Oh, Zhang-Huan 한국건축역사학회 2004 건축역사연구 Vol.13 No.4
This study researched the art-educational thoughts as a modern idea influenced with the social and philosophical transitions in the 19th century. Moreover, this study focused on Frank Lloyd Wright's educational thoughts, because those educational revolutions had appeared as one of the results that Western society's character was rapidly changed by those revolutions, so called, Industrial Revolution, American and French Revolution, and Cultural Revolution of Romanticism, from late 18th century, and eventually because that revolutionary educational ideas had closely and basically many relations with Wright's thought. As a result, even though Wright's education such an apprenticeship was a traditional shape, which was not the old-fashioned educational method discipling to the skillful man, but against the existing education through the self-learning from experiences in nature. That is similar to transcendentalists such as Emerson who searched for having an inspiration in Nature. Namely, Wright himself had struggled against the existing dualistic educational concepts through Wright's monistic thoughts on art-education including architecture based on not naturalism but the philosophy of nature by romantic idealistic philosophers such as Shelling, Fickle, Kant, Hegel including with his Master, Sullivan, and by revolutionary educators such as Freobel, Ruskin, Dewey, and above all by his Unitarian doctrine. However, Wright's thoughts was at that time so radical, and as Wright himself acknowledged that, 'because the philosophy back of it, of course, as you know, is midway I guess between East and West', such all philosophical objects to influence on Wright were so abstruse idea which is usually called 'Romantic' or 'Mystic' that is mingled with East's and West's essence. That is, because Wright himself catched that the theories and methods of the art-educational thoughts would not be easily perceived, and he judged that in a word as a character which could not be taught. After all, Wright's romantic progressivist art-educational thoughts have not been perceived, disseminated in general and widely.
20세기 전환기의 '아방가르드' 예술집단의 근대 '보편주의' 사상-표현에 관한 연구 -근대 예술적 자각을 향한 지적 융합, 보편철학의 발전적 전개-
오장환,Oh, Zhang-Huan 한국건축역사학회 2008 건축역사연구 Vol.17 No.6
The purpose of this study is ultimately subjected to the Orientalism, even though this deals with some positive effects in the realm of art and architecture as the scope of study, because through which the relationship between two different cultures will be discussed. That is to say, this research focused not only on how the presentation of 'avant-garde' visual art, which is explained as formal 'purity' and 'abstraction' as the characteristics of modern arts, could be made in the transition to the 20th's World, but also on what is the role and meaning of Eastern thoughts, which is popular in that time, for the new philosophical background of the artistic revolution. As a result, this study found that a lot of 'avant-garde' architects such as F. L. Wright, M. Mahony in Prairie School and L. Sullivan, D. Burnham, J. Root in Chicago School, and Lauweriks, H. P. Berlage who introduced Wright's works into the Europe, had possessed the 'Universal Philosophy' including Unitarianism, Transcendentalism, Deism, and Theosophy which are all influenced by Oriental religions and thoughts through historic western philosophers, although it is generally well-known that W. Kandinsky and P. Mondrian were belong to that. Furthermore, they gave attention to the Oriental religions and thoughts in that time, eventually made a historical progressive process of unification of thoughts between East and West. In a word, the new universalism was the philosophical background that made the artist's idea and presentation on 'from Being into Becoming'.
오장환 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.12
In the late 19th, the influence of Orientalism in the West was evaluated as a great meaning related to Modernity Accordingly, this study invested how great interest on the Oriental arts had been taken by the avant-garde 'toward Modern', including Art Nouveau artists, and what means their artistic imitative reproduction on that Moreover, in case of architects, especially F L Wright who had close ties with Japanese culture, this try to reveal what's the role and meaning of Japonism will be significant As a result, Oriental arts, especially Japanese arts helped the Western artists become self-conscious about their conventional style, and made them begin to an experiment, that is, the artistic Orientalism including Japanese prints was one of instances which gave a lesson in elimination of the insignificant, especially valuable to the West who pursued an expression of new art departed from the western classical tradition Orientalism influenced ultimately to the formation of modernity toward 'Abstraction'