우리나라의 適正米價算出에 關한 考察

安仁燦 충남대학교 대학원 1975 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

One of the most pressing problems facing the world economy today is how to overcome the food shortage. Korea is not an exception. This food shortage has greatly hindered Korea's effort at establishing a self-sustained economy. Korea only produces 68% of its food requirements and consumption is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a grain-price system which encourages grain production and decreases all grain consumption. Among all grains, rice is the most important for Korean. The results of the rice price calculation from 1964 to 1974, calculated from the trice price ratio cost or opportunity cost or the cost of living of wage earner's in all cities, can be summarized as follows: First, the adequate rice price calculated from the frequency distribution of rice production cost must he high enough to meet the production cost of all sample farm houesholds. Second, in Korea rice price has been less than the rice price ratio cost except for the years 1969 through 1972 inclusive. In 1974, the rice price calculated from the rice price ratio cost is 17,934￦ per 100ℓ which is 2,174￦ higher than the realized rice price. Third, in the past, the rice price calculated from the opportunity cost compared with the income of wage earner's in all cities has been higher than the realized rice price. However, since 1973, the former has been less than the latter. Fourth, in the past, the rice price calculated from the cost of living of wage earner's in all cities has also been lower than the realized rice price, but it became adverse after 1974. In 1974, for the first time in korea, the rice price has exceeded the price level calculated from the opportunity cost, rice production cost and the cost of living of wage earner's in all cities, but it has not reached the level of rice price ratio cost. In order to, not only encourage rice production and decrease rice cousumption, but also to regulate the price ratio compared with other goods, the rice price of 1974 should be higher than 17,934￦ Per 100 ℓ. In Korea, the rice price should be calculated from the rice price ratio cost.

벼 生産方式의 變化와 生産費 産出上의 問題

安仁燦 한국농업경제학회 1994 農業經濟硏究 Vol.35 No.1

農工團地 入住業體의 雇傭構造 變動에 관한 硏究

안인찬 충북연구원 1992 충북발전연구원 학술세미나 Vol.- No.-

階層別 農地所有變動에 관한 硏究 : 忠北의 3個里 調査를 中心으로

安仁燦 韓國農業政策學會 1978 농업경영정책연구 Vol.5 No.1

Many of Korea's agricultural problems can be attributed to the large proportion of subsistence farms. Many of them operate on unfair terms of trade and are excluded from the benefits of the capitalistic economic system. Increasing farm size to a largo scale has been one of the most important goals of agricultural policy in Korea. The features of the disruption of the farming society are different according to surrounding circumstances. In the past some researchers asserted that they had found standardization of middlesized farms in Korea, while others found the opposite to be true. To clarify the true nature of the disruption of farmers in Korea, three Ris (villages) of Choong Buk Cheong Won Kun Nam Yee Myon were surveyed in 1978. Special emphasis was placed on the feature of sales and purchases (exchange) of farmland during the past 10 Years. Followings are some of the results of this study. 1) In contrast to the tendency of decreasing number of total households in rural areas nonfarm households are increasing gradually. 2) Internal disruption of farm households seems to be progressing in the direction of smaller farming size as a result of pursuing easy-going farming instead of previous labour intensive and underconsumption practices. 3) Disruption of farming class has no consistency in Korea. Recently small farming seems rather static while the middle class seems decreasing its size. 4) In the surveyed area under 0.5ha size class comprised 27.4 % of the total, over 0.5ha∼under 1.0ha size class 34.3%, over 1.0ha∼under 2.0ha size class 26.8%, over 2.0ha size class 7.4 % and the landless class 4.1% in 1968. These ratios are similar to the composition of the whole nation in 1976. In 1978 composition changed to 22.7%, 34.2%, 24.6%, 8.2%, 10.3% respectively in the surveyed area. This seems to suggest the future feature of class composition of Korean farm households. 5) The disruption of farmers advances accordingly with the spreading of urbanization. This fact suggests the future of disruption of farmers in Korea. In the nearest villages from the urban area some signs of disruption of farmers are appearing. Some of them are; In the nearest village from urban area ① The ratio of new farm and nonfarm is higher than other areas such as remote areas. This indicates the social instability of urban-attached areas. ② Not only present size of the middle class farms is smaller than other areas but also it is still lessening. This reflects the farmer's intention of rather pursuing small farming and more nonfarm income than indulging in hard work required by larger farm size. ③ Polar disruption of farmers is more conspicuous than other areas. ④ Services necessary in farming including mobilization of labour and selling farm products are more convenient than other areas.

벼 生産費계산을 위한 內給要素 評價의 새로운 方法 摸索

安仁燦 한국농업경제학회 1995 農業經濟硏究 Vol.36 No.2

우리나라의 소작관계에 관한 재평가

안인찬 忠北大學 1977 論文集 - 忠北大學校 Vol.15 No.-

-본문참고-

충북 지역특산품개발육성의 과제와 발전방안

안인찬 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1987 農業科學硏究 Vol.5 No.2

-본문참고-

奧地農村에서의 兒童期 人間資源의 開發實態分析

안인찬 淑明女子大學校 兒童硏究所 兒童福祉學科 1990 兒童硏究 Vol.5 No.1

The aim of this study is to establish a monitoring system on YHRD at local level in remote rural area. At village level Ri chieves are helpful and by activating them most of the informations necessary for YHRD can be collected through the desk of social affairs of Myon Additional informations which are not collected through Myon such as on vaccination of children and status of pregnant woman can be collected through village health aids nominated by county governor. Informations and announcements from the government can be disseminated through the same channel only by reversing the flow. Coordination between Myon office and Myon health center can correct the errors in informations. ▷그림삽입◁ Above flow chart shows the monitoring system which has been run by the project team. In each level development committee has ben run to disseminate the informations collected and to find ways of improvements for YHRD. By running this monitoring system statistics on YHRD can be maintained accurately every day at local level However, improvements for YHRD were not so easy at all. For example, in BCG vaccination case even though everyone agreed on the necessity of opportune vaccination for a baby withim 1 month old and knew the fact that only a few lucky babies, less than 30 percent of the total, got vaccination in time nothing had been done for the improvements At the local level where local autonomy was not in practice there was nothing to do under present system but receiving and consuming the vaccines supplied by higher authorities no matter what was the demand in that area. Even the central government level unless high dignitaries realized the importance of the subject and ordered some improvements the officials were just murmuring at the shortage of budget. Early education for children was in its cradle stagte yet in rural area Many children were excluded from day care centers because of distance to the facilities from home. The situation seemed to be difficult to improve for the time being with getting sparsely populated rural environment. For the improvements in YHRD at local level central government should address more efforts for YHRD. Given the vaccine supplying practice like supplying BCG vaccine twice a year in a large bottle to Myon health branch there could not be any improvements in opportune vaccination at local level. Local autonomy would be helful in making local authonty allocate budget and resources for YHRD to meet local demand. In addition to these, the best way would be making parent aware of the importance of YHRD and keep health records of their children in cards for themselves.

벼 生産費分析을 통한 生産費節減 可能性의 檢討

안인찬 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1994 農業科學硏究 Vol.11 No.2

To cope with the opening of market, rice industry has elaborated with various efforts. One of the ways recommended and pursued continuously is to increase the scale of rice farming, because it is believed that the larger the farming scale the smaller the cost of production is. However, not only the increasing scale of rice farming itself is not an easy job also it is suspicious that increasing scale can really guarantee the less cost of production. Fortunately, Korean government has published reports on cost of rice production and by analysing them we can get some answers for our questions, though they have some flaws such as representing only the cost of production of farms larger than average. Besides this, it is not easy to agree with the report that shows the consistent increasing trend of yield with the increase of farming scale. With these limits in mind we can reach fallowing conclusions through the analysis of reports on cost of production for 1983-1992 products. Two main components of rice production cost of Korea are rent and cost of labour. Those two items exceed 70 percent of total cost. Recently, cost of machines is getting larger by showing 13.3 % of the tolal cost in 1992. Parts of the labour cost have been substituted by cost of machine. Everyone knows that reducing rent and labour cost in rice production is crucial in Korea. Actually Korean farmers have achieved substantial reduction of rice production cost through decreace of labour input. For example, during past 10 years labour input time per 10a for rice farming was decreased to 45.2 hours from 90.3 hours. While similar decrease took place in Japan in 20 years. However, Korea has already reached very low level of labour input for rice farming with given technology. Therefore, more cost reduction through decrease of labour input seems to be difficult. On the other hand, rent calculated as the proportion of total products, about 20 percent, is not so high. It implies that it seems not to be easy to reduce production cost by decreaseing rent as well. Nevertheless, it seems to be possible to cut the rice production cost by 13 percent of present level through reducting labour input and rent. Another source of cost reduction of rice production comes from scaling up of farming size. In 1992, the farmers cultivated more than 3.0ha showed less production cost by 7.0 percent compared with the average farmers cultivated only 1.0ha. By introducing higher yielding variety about 10 percent of additional cost reduction is expected. In sum, Korea is expected to reduce cost of rice production by 30 percent of present level in the near future through cutting labour input and rent, increasing farming size, and introducing new variety. Korean farmers have already accomplished such a reduction in the past. However, magnitude and efficiency of investment and intensity of policy measures will determine the range and speed of cost reduction.

우리 나라 米穀生産費 算出方式의 變遷에 관한 硏究

安仁燦 韓國農業政策學會 1979 농업경영정책연구 Vol.6 No.1

In Korea, the calculation of the production cost in respect of rice was started in the Japanese occupation period. Therefore, its pattern of calculating is similar production is that of the Japan. For example, most of the items consisting of the cost for the same in both countries. In Japan, Oski's theory was prevailed at first but recently Kayo's theory is much introduced in calculating the production cost in respect of agricultural products. Oski insisted on true to market price basis at the standpoint of economist but Kayo insisted on true to paid cost basis at the standpoint of accountist. By the method of Oski we can not refled the real state of any individual farm but can reach the average value of the production cost all around the country. By Kayo it will be reversed. It goes without saying that Oski's theory is imperfect yet, Oski's theory is prevailing in Korea. The calculation of the production cost in respect of rice was started in 1918. At that time not only sample size was small (only 108 farms were surveyed through the whole country) but also the surveyed results were not promulgated. Through the sample size increased to 3,375 farms as of 1979, as the time goes on its secrecy has been continued recently. Since 1962, the ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries have been promulgating the production cost in respect of rice surveyed in accordance with the statistics Law which was enforced on Jan. 15. 1962. In that law the purpose of surveying the production cost for agricultural product is enacted as to provide data on the parity price of agricultural products and agricultural managemental improvement. The sample size surveyed was determined by considering of budget state more than theoretical adequacy historically. Therefore the adequacy of the present sample size should be once checked. Furthermore, the purpose of surveying the production cost in respect of rice has been the control of rice price based on the thought which presumes the production cost as the base of market price. The cost of production in respect of rice has been underestimated traditionally both in Korea and Japan. Monopolized survey by single institution has been the main cause of former's discredit on the results promulgated in Korea. Market price basis system which Korea adopted is simple but its theoretical righteousness should be verified. In addition to these, promulgating time of surveyed results is one of the problems necessary to be checked once. Because the results surveyed are promulgated after one year it is difficult for individual farmer to use them as improving criteria for his farming. In short, surveying of the cost of the production in respect of rice is a year long practice in Korea, but it has such problems to be solved as test of adequacy for sample size, promulgating time, method of calculation, theoretical verification, improvement of surveying system, etc.