흰쥐 왼쪽관상동맥의 분지 양상에 관한 해부학적 연구

안동춘,김인식,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

The left main descending artery (LMDA) of left coronary artery (LCA) in rats runs around the left side of conus arteriosus after arising from the aortic sinus and descends to the apex of heart with branching several branches into the wall of left ventricle (LV). The ligation site of LMDA for myocardial infarction (MI) is the 2~4 mm from LCA origin, between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle. The characteristics that rat heart has no interventricular groove on the surface and its coronary arteries run intramyocardially with branching several branches give the difficulty in surgery for MI which resulted in expected size. This study was aimed to elucidate the branching patterns of the left coronary artery for analysis of MI size and for giving the basic data to producing small MI intentionally in 2 male species that are widely used, Sprague-Dowley (SD) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY), in the world. Red latex casting was followed by the microdissection in 27 and 28 hearts of SD and WKY male rats, respectively. The branching patterns of LMDA were classified into 3 major types and others based on the left ventricular branches (L). The Type I, Type II, Type III and others are shown in 55.6%, 22.2%, 14.8%, and 7.4% in SD, 60.7%, 10.7%, 7.1%, and 21.5% in WKY, respectively. The branching number of the first left ventricular branch (L1) that are distribute the upper one third of LV was 1.2~1.5, and its branching sites were ranging 0.9~2.1 ᒠfrom LCA origin. L2, the second left ventricular branch distributing middle one third of LV, was the number of 1.2~1.4 and branching out ranging 5.1~5.7 mm. L3, the third left ventricular branch of LMDA distributing lower one third of LV, was the number of 1~1.5 and branching out ranging 7.0~9.3 mm from LCA origin. The common branch of L1 and L2 was branched from LMDA with the number of 1.1, and its site was located in the distance of mean of 1.5 mm and 2.8 mm in SD and WKY, respectively. The common branch of L2 and L3 was branched from LMDA with the number of 1, and its site was located in the distance of mean of 7.2 mm and 2.9 mm in SD and WKY, respectively. The right ventricular branches (R) of LMDA were short and branched in irregularly compared with L. The number of 1~4 of R were branched from LMDA. With regarding to the distribution area of L and the ligation site for MI, moderate MI (25~35% of LV) might be resulted in 70.4% and 60.7% in SD and WKY rats. Small MI might be produced intentionally if the ligation would be located at the 4~6 mm from LCA origin in the left side of LMDA. These data wold be helpful to expect the size of MI and to reproduce of small MI, intentionally, in rat hearts.

한우태자 뒷발꿈치골에서 연골관에 관한 조직학적 연구

안동춘,이종오,김인식,이영훈,박영석,양홍현,백영기,Ahn, Dong-choon,Lee, Chong-oh,Kim, In-shik,Lee, Young-hoon,Park, Young-seok,Yang, Hong-hyun,Paik, Young-ki 대한수의학회 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

The development and change of the cartilage canals ralated to chondrocyte growth and the major histological pattern were investigated in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetuses from CRL 28mm to 175mm. The results as follows; 1. The cartilage canal first appeared in the caudal subperichondral region of the sustentaculum tali of the CRL 28mm fetus, and well developed after the period. 2. The three major cartilage canals, one entered from the head of calcaneous into where achilles tendon insert and the others from the caudal region of sustentaculum tali and the calcaneal sulcus, growth distinctively. The latters participated in the ossification center prior to the former. 3. The number of cells in this canals and the size increased synchronously with chondrocytic hypertrophy. In the intermediate and deep canals, the chondrogenic change showed distinctinvely. Our results demonstrated that the cartilage canals from the lower part were important the formation of the ossification center, and the growth and development of canals associated with the hypertropic changes of chondrocytes in the calcaneus of the Korean native cattle fetus.

절화장미 ‘옐로킹’ 수경재배 시 채화높이가 절화수량과 품질에 미치는 영향

안동춘,김진기,황주천,진영돈,이병정,정병룡 한국화훼학회 2015 화훼연구 Vol.23 No.2

절화장미 수경재배시 채화 높이가 절화수량과 품질에미치는 영향을 스프레이 절화장미 ‘옐로킹’을 모델작물로이용하여 2011년 4월 정식하여 11월까지 4회의 수확을통해 확인하였다. 단위면적당 절화수량(본/m2)은 채화 높이가 높아질수록 많았고 반대로 절화중과 상품률은 떨어졌는데 0과 1cm 높이는 수량과 품질면에 있어서 거의차이를 보이지 않았다. 절화중과 상품률도 0과 1cm 높이에서 수확하였을 때 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나3cm 이상 채화 높이가 높았을 경우 10g 정도로 0과1cm 높이 수확보다 떨어졌다. 상품수량은 0이나 3cm 높이 수확간에는 차이가 없었지만 5cm 높이 수확 시에는65.1본/m2으로 다른 처리에 비해 현저히 떨어져 5cm 이상으로 채화 높이를 높이는 것은 상품생산에 적절치 않은 것으로 판단된다. 동일한 식물체에서 발생하는 직경이 다른 신초를 일제히 같은 높이에서 수확한 결과 새로 발생하는 신초의 직경은 채화모지 직경에 비례하였다(Table 3). 채화모지 직경이 5mm 이하인 가지는 기부에서 수확을 한다 하더라도 상품률이 현저하게 떨어지고, 특히 블라인드지 발생률이 높았는데 이러한 경향은 채화높이가 높을수록 더 심해졌다. 결론적으로 절화장미는 기부로부터 3cm 높이 이내의 높이에서 수확하는 것이 적절하고 이 때 직경이 5mm 이하인 가는 가지는 발생위치에 따라서는 수확하는 것보다 적심을 통해 측지를 발생시킨 다음 절곡하여 엽면적 확보에 이용하는 것이 더적합할 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to examine cut flower yield and quality response to cutting height at harvesting of Rosa hybrida ‘Yellow King’ grown hydroponically from March to November 2011 in an experimental glasshouse. As cutting height from the stem base was raised, cut flower yield expressed in number of stems per m2 cultivation area increased, while cut flower weight and percent marketable flowers decreased. However, there were no statistical differences in cut flower yield and quality, cut flower weight, and percent marketable flowers between the cutting heights of 0 (base) and 1 cm from the stem base. The cut flower weight decreased by about 10 g when the cutting height was 3 or 5 cm as compared to the 0 or 1 cm cutting height. Marketable flower yield was not significantly different among the cut heights of 0, 1, and 3 cm, while it remarkably decreased to 65.1 stems per m2 cultivation area in the 5 cm cutting height. The mean diameter of shoots harvested from the same plant after cutting at the same height was proportional to that of the mother stem or the stem from which the harvested shoots were grown out. Thin shoots which have smaller than 5 mm diameter resulted in low percent marketable flowers and high percent blind shoots, even when cut low with an tendency to increase with the cutting height increase. Therefore, 3 cm cutting height gave the greatest productivity. These results suggest that cutting height between 0 and 3 cm may be the most favorable for marketable flower production of rose ‘Yellow King’, and it is better to cut away thin shoots with a smaller than 5 mm stem diameter or bend them down after pinching for leaf package.

한국사람 손등 피부신경의 분포양상

안동춘,황규성,조원길,이관형,정호삼 대한체질인류학회 1998 대한체질인류학회 학술대회 연제 초록 Vol.41 No.-

자돈 축추골 몸통의 골화에 관한 조직학적 연구

안동춘,김인식,양홍현,백영기,Ahn, Dong-choon,Kim, In-shik,Yang, Hong-hyun,Paik, Young-ki 대한수의학회 1995 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.35 No.1

The histological and histochemical study of the axis body of piglet was performed in order to clarify the ossification process. These experimental animals collected from after birth to 52 days were used for this study. The results were summarized as follows; 1. The epiphysis, the intercentrum 2 and the centrum of proatlas were appeared in the axis body and dens of piglet after birth. 2. In 39 days of age piglet, the ossification of the intercentrum 2 was first observed but the epiphysis was already initiated. The centrum of proatlas was observed cranioventral part of the dens of the 52 days piglet axis. 3. The notochordal remnants revealed distinctively in the part between the centrum 1 and the centrum2, in the apical cartilaginous tissue of dens and in the caudal cartilaginous part of body of axis. 4. Intramembranous ossification occurred in the adjacent area of perichondrium of centrum 2. These ossified trabeculae show the woven bone configuration.

양액의 NO3-: NH4+ 비율이 절화장미의 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향

안동춘,진영돈,황주천,김진기,정용모,정병룡 한국원예학회 2002 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.43 No.5

The growth and yield responses of rose cultivars to various raties of NO3-:NH4+ nutrient solution having NH4+ of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of total nitrogen were studied. Plants were grown in rockwool slabs from Oct. 1990 to Aug. 2000 with 4 to 10 irrigations per day. In most cultivars, root zone pH during the experimental period decreased as ratio of NH4+ increased. In 0% NH4+ treatment, root zone pH was maintained at 6.0~7.0, while in treatments with 10, 20 and 30% NH4+, it was maintained at 5.0~6.0, 4.0~5.0 and 4.0~5.0, respectively. In the latter two treatments, root zone pH dropped below 4.0. The number of shoots were increased as NH4+ ratio increased except Grand Gala. In general, number of shoots increased in treatments containing both NH4+ and NO3- as compared with 0% NH4+ treatment. Days to flowering in most cultivars were shortened by 1 or 2 days in treatments over 20% NH4+ as compared with 0% NH4+ treatment. Effect of NH4+ ratio on cut flower yield varied depending on cultivar and growing season. During the winter, yield in most cultivars increased as NH4+ was supplied. However, from spring to summer yield was high in 10~20% NH4+ ratio. Total N concentration in tissue in Saphir and Grand Gala was the greatest in 10% NH4+ ratio, but it was insignificant in the other cultivar. Concentration of Ca, K and Mg in leaf tissue tended to be lower as NH4+ ratio increased, but S tended to be higher as NH4+ ratio increased in Grand Gala. Fe, Zn and Mn concentrations in tissue were decreased containing both NH4+ and NO3- as compared with 0% NH4+ treatment in all cultivar except Fire Ball. 암면배지를 이용한 장미의 년중 양액재배시 배양액의 NO3-: NH4+ 시비비율이 품종과 재배시기에 따라 절화의 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 근권의 pH는 NO3- 단용처리시 급액 pH보다 높은 6.0~7.0의 범위에서 유지되었고, 10% NH4+ 처리에서는 급액직후 서서히 감소하여 대체로 pH 5.0~6.0의 범위에서, 20%와 30% NH4+처리에서는 급액직후 급격히 감소하여 pH 4.0~5.0의 범위에서 유지되었으며, pH 4.0이하로까지 떨어지는 시기가 많았다. NH4+의 비율이 높아짐에 따라 ‘Grand Gala’를 제외한 3품종 모두 신초의 수가 증가하였고, NO3- 단용 처리에 비해 NH4+ 혼용 처리에서 신초수가 많았다. NO3-를 단용시비하는 것보다 NH4+를 혼용시비하는 것이 대체로 개화소요일수가 1~2일 정도 단축되었으며, NH4+ 시비비율이 높아질수록 개화가 빨라지는 경향이었다. 겨울철 절화수량은 모든 품종에서 NH4+ 시비비율이 높을수록 수량이 높았다. 봄철과 여름철에는 10~20% NH4+처리에서 대체로 수량이 높았다. 겨울철에는 NH4+시비비율이 높을수록 절화수량이 많았지만 여름철에는 오히려 NH4+시비비율을 20% 이상 높이면 수량이 감소하였다. NO3-:NH4+시비비율이 절화장, 절화중, 화변수 등 절화의 품질에 미치는 영향은 모든 품종에 있어 나타나지 않았다. T-N은 ‘Grand Gala’와 ‘Saphir’의 경우 10% NH4+ 처리에서 각각 2.84%, 3.09%로 가장 높았으나 다른 두 품종에서는 처리간 차이가 없었다. ‘Grand Gala’의 경우 NH4+비율이 높아질수록 식물체내 Ca, K, Mg 농도가 낮아지는 일반적인 경향을 보였고, 반면에 S의 농도는 NH4+비율이 높아질수록 높아졌다. 미량요소는 ‘Fire Ball’을 제외한 3품종 모두에서 NH4+를 혼용할 경우 NO3- 단용처리에 비해 현저하게 Fe, Zn, Mn의 흡수가 억제되었고, NH4+의 시비비율이 높을수록 흡수농도가 낮았다

A Morphological Study of Intrachondral Articulations in the Korean Water Deer

안동춘,태현진,박병용,심정하,기소양,정옥봉,김인식 한국임상수의학회 2011 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Intrachondral articulations are the synovial joints that occur within costal cartilage in artiodactyls. The anatomical structure of Korean water deer differs from that of other deer. However, there have been no reports on the occurrence and shape of intrachondral articulations in the deer. To provide information on these articulations, we examined the occurrence and shape of intrachondral articulations in the Korean water deer by gross findings,radiography, computed tomography (CT), and histological observation. These joints often occur in the second to the tenth ribs. Morphologically, they are spheroidal joints, especially from the third to the eighth ribs, and their configuration is discernable in gross findings, radiography, CT, and histological sections. These basic results would be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the lateral thoracic wall of the Korean water deer.

숙근 안개초 수경재배를 위한 적합한 배지와 품종 선발

안동춘,황주천,진영돈,배민지,김수경,정도호 한국화훼산업육성협회 2012 화훼연구 Vol.20 No.3

숙근안개초 주산지 연작장해 경감을 위한 기술개발 의 일환으로 몇가지 품종과 배지를 이용하여 수경재배 가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. 정식 후 15주째 배지별 생육특성을 조사한 결과 대부분의 품종에서 화경이 추 대하지 않는 로제트 현상이 나타났는데 그 정도는 배 지에 따라 조금씩 달랐다. Cocomix에서는 모든 품종에 서 로제트 현상이 나타났는데 ‘Mirabella’와 ‘Bristol Fairy’는 100%, ‘Inbal’ 88%, ‘Ginga’ 55.5%, ‘Cassiopeia’ 5.6% 순이었다. Cocodust에서는 ‘Mirabella’와 ‘Bristol Fairy’, ‘Ginga’에서 각각 100%, 83%, 35%의 로제트 현상이 나타났으나 Mixture에서는 ‘Bristol Fairy’를 제 외한 모든 품종에서는 정상적으로 추대 개화 하였다. 품종별로 보면 ‘Cassiopeia’는 거의 모든 배지에서 정 상적으로 추대, 개화하였고, ‘Inbal’은 Cocomix를 제외 한 다른 배지에서는 정상적으로 추대 개화를 하였다. ‘Bristol Fairy’는 모든 배지에서 로제트 현상이 가장 많이 나타났다. 초장과 지상부 생체중은 로제트의 발생 정도에 반비례하는 경향을 보였다. 개화는 Cocodust와 Mixture에 정식한 ‘Cassiopeia’가 11월 16일로 가장 빨랐고, Cocomix에 정식한 ‘Bristol Fairy’가 이듬해 2월 11일로 가장 늦었다. 배지별 평균 개화소요일수는 Mixture에서 117일로 가장 짧았고, Cocodust에서 152 일, Cocomix에서는 164일로 가장 길었다. 배지별 평균 절화수량은 Cocodust에서 28.2본으로 가장 많았고, Mixture에서 26.4본, Cocomix에서 22.5본으로 가장 적 었다. 품종별 평균 절화수량은 ‘Cassiopeia’와 ‘Ginga’가 각각 36.5, 33.0본으로 가장 많았고, ‘Mirabella’가 14.3 본으로 가장 적었다. This study was conducted to examine the possibility of hydroponic culture with several cultivars and substrates for reduction of injury by successive cropping in main producing restrict of Gypsophila paniculata. In growth characteristics investigated at 15 weeks after transplanting rosetted growth without bolting was observed in most of cultivars but the extent of occurrence was depend on substrates. All cultivars showed rosette with 100% of ‘Mirabella’ and ‘Bristol Fairy’, 88% of ‘Inbal’, 55.5% of ‘Ginga’ and 5.6% of ‘Cassiopeia’ in Cocomix (cocochip : cocodust = 50 : 50), 100% of ‘Mirabella’, 83% of ‘Bristol Fairy’ and 35% of ‘Ginga’ in Cocodust, but except 50% of ‘Bristol Fairy’ all cultivars showed normal bolting and flowering in Mixture. From a cultivar ‘Cassiopeia’ showed normal bolting and flowering in most substrates, while ‘Bristol Fairy’ showed serious rosette growth in most substrates. Plant height and fresh weight tended to be inversely proportional to rosette occurrence. Blooming date was earliest with ‘Cassiopeia’ in Mixture of November 16 and latest with ‘Bristol Fairy’ in Cocomix of February 11 next year. Days to blooming of each substrate took 117days in Mixture, 152 days in Cocodust, and 164days in Cocomix respectively. Cut flower yield per plant of each substrate showed 28.2 stems in Cocodust, 26.4stems in Mixture and 22.5stems in Cocomix, and from each cultivar it showed 36.5 stems of ‘Cassiopeia’, 33.0stems of ‘Ginga’ 14.3 stems of ‘Mirabella’ respectively.

SOD 및 DMTU 가 자유산소기의 작용으로 배양중인 흰쥐섬유모세포에서 나타나는 손상에 미치는 영향

안동춘,강현국,백두진,정호삼 한양대학교 의과대학 1999 한양의대 학술지 Vol.19 No.1

This study performed to examine the effects of SOD and DMTU on the cytotoxicity of the cultured fibroblasts induced by oxygen free radicals. The rat fibroblasts was obtained from the subcutaneous tissue and the culture cells were exposed to hypoxanthine(HX) (1mM/ml) and xanthine oxidase(XO) at concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20 mU/ml, respectively. Then the cells exposed oxygen free radicals were treated by superoxide dismutase(SOD), superoxide scavenger, and 1, 3-dimethyl-2-thiourea(DMTU), hydroxyl radical scavenger, respectively. After 4 hours, the cells were observed under the inverted microscope and the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The results as follows; 1. The morphologic changes derived by oxygen free radicals was observed at the 1mM HX plus 10mU and 20mU XO. 2. The survival rates of the cells were 88.0±8.5%, 24.0±4.4%, 12.0±1.0%, and 6.3±0.6% at the 1mM HX plus XO at concentration of 1, 5, 10, 20mU, respectively. 3. The viability of cells treated with SOD, one of the superoxide anion scavenger, was 90.7±16.3%, 66.0±9.8%, 32.7±6.7%, 16.3±2.5% at concentration of 1, 5, 10, 20mU XO, respectively. 4. There were no difference of cell viability between the DMTU treated cells and untreated well cells. These results suggest that the oxygen free radical cytotoxicity generated by HX and XO occur in the rat fibroblasts, and SOD can prevente its effects in vitro.

Incomplete Brachiocephalic Trunk in a Korean Water Deer

안동춘,태현진,박병용,심정하,김종택,김인식 한국임상수의학회 2011 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.28 No.5

The brachiocephalic trunk (Bct) branches from the aortic arch (Aa) and consists, in ruminants, of the common trunk of the left subclavian artery (LSb), the bicarotid artery (Bc) or left and right common carotid artery (LCc and RCc), and the right subclavian artery (RSb). This pattern differs from the primitive mammalian Aa pattern due to the fact that the analogs of the LCc and LSb migrate cranially and merge with the common trunk of the RCc and RSb in the embryonic stage. A Bct having a septal remnant that consisted of the tunica media was observed in a female Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus), which was deemed to have resulted from an incomplete merging of the vessel walls between a carnivoran-type Bct and an incomplete LSb. This is the first report of an abnormal Bct in a Korean water deer.