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경구노출을 통한 어린이용품 중 중금속류 노출 및 위해성 평가
심기태 ( Ki-tae Sim ),노샘 ( Seam Noh ),송기봉 ( Ki-bong Song ),김일규 ( Il-gyu Kim ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ),김동훈 ( Dong-hoon Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2017 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.20 No.2
In this study, we evaluate the levels of 6 heavy metals (barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and nickel) in domestically distributed children`s products. We particularly focus on estimating the risk of oral exposure caused by the sucking behavior of 6-month and older infants. Our research shows that the levels of cadmium and lead in paint-coated toy products, relative accessories, and picture books exceeds domestic safety standards. Concentration of cadmium and lead is highest in the case of paint-coated toy products and accessories. The highest concentrations of cadmium, chromium, copper, and lead are observed in clay toys as the result of transferred amount due to the sucking action. Risk evaluation of direct ingestion of heavy metals shows the possibility of adverse effects caused by cadmium, lead, and nickel in accessories. In case of nondiets, the risk of oral toxicity was evaluated as being hazardous from cadmium and copper in clay toys. On comparing domestic and overseas regulatory standards, it was found that some substances exceeded the recommended standards. Most of these products are unauthorized products and their production must be regulated. This study can be used to reference data for prevention of child health hazards through the assessment of potential hazard level of heavy metals in child products.
LC/MS/MS를 이용한 축산밀집지역 하천에서 테트라사이클린계 항생제 및 대사체 분석 연구
김일규 ( Il-gyu Kim ),박유미 ( Yu-mi Park ),김상민 ( Sang-min Kim ),심기태 ( Ki-tae Sim ),정인영 ( In-young Chung ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ),황승율 ( Seung-ryul Hwang ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.4
The purpose of this study was to optimize an analytical method for the detection of tetracycline antibiotics and their metabolites in water and to determine their fate and movement in streams. To analyze three tetracycline antibiotics and eight of their metabolites, water quality samples were taken from nine sites, which were scattered across upstream areas, into which livestock manure was directly released from nearby livestock operations, to downstream areas, between November 2010 and October 2011. These samples were pretreated with hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB; 200 mg, 6 cc) cartridges and analyzed using liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Consequently, the limit of detection of the analysis method for the tetracycline antibiotics and their metabolites ranged from 3.7 to 18.2 ng/L. The recovery rates were 81-122%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 16%. In addition, the concentration of tetracycline antibiotics and their metabolites decreased or they were undetected when sampled from the upstream to downstream sites. Although the levels of tetracycline antibiotics and their metabolites detected were lower than their EC50, it is necessary to continue monitoring these substances in the environment.