국내 벼-보리 이모작지와 벼 단작지의 탄소수지 비교

심교문,민성현,김용석,정명표,최인태,강기경 한국농림기상학회 2016 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) were measured in a rice-barley double cropping and rice mono cropping paddy fields, which are located in the southwestern coast of Korea, over a one-year period. Net ecosystems CO2 exchange (NEE) and ecosystem respiration (Re) were estimated by the eddy covariance (EC) method, and an automatic open/close chamber (AOCC) method was used to measure CH4 fluxes. Environmental factors (solar radiation, air temperature, precipitation etc.) were also measured along with fluxes. After the quality control and gap-filling, the observed fluxes were analyzed. As a result, NEE was –603.0 and –471.5g C m-2 yr-1 in rice-barley double cropping and rice mono cropping paddy field, respectively. CH4 emissions increased during the course of flooded days and were similar in two cropping paddy field. Accoding to rough results considering only fluxes of CO2 and CH4, it was estimated that the carbon absorbation in rice-barley double cropping paddy field was higher than that in rice mono cropping paddy field by 128.9g C m-2 yr-1. 본 연구에서는 전라북도 김제시 부량면 신용리의 벼 단작지 및 벼-보리 이모작의 논 생태계에 설치된 플럭스 관측시스템으로부터 1년간 연속적으로 관측된 CO2 플럭스 자료 및 CH4 배출량 자료를 활용하여, 논 생태계의 탄소수지를 평가하고자 하였다. 벼 단작지 및 벼-보리 이모작 논 생태계의 CO2 플럭스는 대표적인 미기상학적 방식인 에디공분산 방법을 이용하였고, CH4 발생량은 개폐형 챔버방식의 자동화 시스템을 이용하여 측정하였다. 또한, 여러 가지 기상인자(복사, 기온 및 지온 등)도 함께 조사하였다. 관측된 CO2 플럭스자료는 보정과 결측보충의 과정을 거친 후 탄소수지 분석에 활용되었다. 2014년도의 벼 단작 및 벼-보리 이모작 논 생태계의 CO2의 순생태 교환량은 각각 단위면적(m2)당 –436.8, -587.5g C로 분석되었고, CH4 발생량은 각각 +16.04, +18.61g C m-2로 분석되었다. 벼 재배 기간 동안 CH4 발생량은 물 관리에 따라 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났는데, 담수상태에서 CH4 발생량이 배수상태보다 더 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 국내에서 벼 단작과 벼-보리 이모작의 논 생태계의 CO2 플럭스와 CH4 배출량을 기반으로 탄소수지를 정량화한 1차적인 연구결과로서, 벼-보리 이모작의 논 생태계가 벼 단작의 논 생태계보다 1년에 약 128.9g C m-2를 더 흡수하는 것으로 평가되었다.

기상정보의 농업적 활용

심교문,노기안,이덕배,안중배 한국기상학회 2010 한국기상학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

農業氣候地帶別 作物生育 有效氣溫 出現特性에 따른 벼 淡水直播 安全作期 설정

심교문,이정택,윤성호,최동향 한국농림기상학회 1999 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The study was conducted to establish the safe cropping season for direct - seeding on flooded paddy by the analysis of meteorological data (1973∼1992, 20 years ) from Korea Meteorological Administration. The critical date for early seeding (CDES) at direct - seeding culture on flooded paddy was decided by the appearance date of daily mean air temperature (DMAT) of 15℃. The optimum heading date (OHD) was the first day when 22℃ of daily mean air temperature could be kept for 40 days of ripening period after heading, and the critical date of late heading for safe ripening (CDHR) was the last day when 19℃ of daily mean air temperature could be kept for 40 days after heading. The optimum seeding date (OSD) and the critical date for late seeding (CDLS) could be decided by the accumulated temperature from OHD and CDHR to the appearance dates of necessary temperatures for early, intermediate, and intermediately late maturing varieties. This results can be used for the determination of the safe cropping season of direct - seeding on flooded paddy in each agroclimatic zone. For in stance, the OSD appearance date for early maturing variety in Suwon region appeared to be May 11∼20 and the CDLS appearance date was May 31∼June 7.

국내 노지 봄배추 생산량에 대한 엘니뇨 영향

심교문,김용석,정명표,김지원,강기경 한국농림기상학회 2018 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.20 No.4

El Niño would cause extreme weather conditions, which would result in a negative impact on crop production. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of El Niño on spring kimchi cabbabe production for the period from 1981- 2016 in South Korea. In this study, years with less than 1.0 Oceanic Niño index were classified into non El Niño years. The other years were classified as El Niño years. The national average production of spring kimchi cabbage in El Niño years (3,800 ㎏ 10a-1) tended to be less than that in non El Niño years (4,016 kg 10a-1). However, there was no significant differences (p = 0.078) in the production between these groups of years. The averaged production of spring kimchi cabbage of El Niño end years (3,707±331 ㎏ 10a-1) was less than those of El Niño start years and non El Niño years by 186 and 309 ㎏ 10a-1, respectively. Still, such difference was not significant statistically (p=0.127), either. In contrast, there were provinces where the production of spring kimchi cabbage had significant differences by El Niño occurrence. For example, El Niño end years had significantly less spring kimchi cabbage production than El Niño start years and non El Niño years in Gangwon (p=0.038) and Gyeongbuk (p=0.053) provinces. It appeared that differences in cabbage production resulted from short sunshine duration, which merits further analysis on the impact of extreme weather condtions during El Niño years on crop production. 본 논문에서는 1981년 이후 중간 강도 이상의 엘니뇨가 발생한 해의 노지 봄배추의 단위면적당 생산량의 변화를 분석하였다. 엘니뇨가 발생한 해(n=16)의 전국 평균 노지 봄배추의 생산량은 4,016±342kg 10a-1으로 미발생한 해(n=20)의 전국 평균 노지 봄배추의 생산량(3,800±370kg 10a-1)보다 단위면적당 216kg 적었지만, 통계적으로는 유의하지 않았다(t=1,812, p=0.078). 또한, 엘니뇨가 종료한 해의 전국 평균 노지 봄배추의 생산량이 엘니뇨가 시작한 해와 엘니뇨가 미발생한 해보다 낮은 경향을 보였지만, 이 또한 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 것으로 분석되었다(df=2, f=2.195, p=0.127). 하지만, 강원도와 경상북도에서는 엘니뇨가 종료한 해의 노지 봄배추의 단위면적당 생산량은 통계적으로 유의하게 엘니뇨가 시작한 해와 엘니뇨가 미발생한 해보다 줄어드는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 원인으로 노지 봄배추 재배기간의 일조부족 현상이 1차적으로 조사되었으나, 앞으로 작물기상환경 측면에서 엘니뇨 발생이 작물생산성에 미치는 영향에 대한 추가 연구가 필요할 것이다.

혹서기 양계관리 중점 사항 - 올 여름철 기후전망 및 양계관리

심교문,Sim, Gyo-Mun 대한양계협회 2017 월간 양계 Vol.49 No.6

Implementation of Agrometeorological Early Warning System for Weather Risk Management in South Korea

심교문,김영석,정명표,최인태,김호정,강기경 한국기후변화학회 2017 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of the farmstead-specific early warning service system for weather risk management is to develop custom-made risk management recommendations for individual farms threatened by climate change and its variability. This system quantifies weather conditions into a “weather risk index” that is customized to crop and its growth stage. When the risk reaches the stage where it can cause any damage to the crops, the system is activated and the corresponding warning messages are delivered to the farmer’s mobile phone. The messages are sent with proper recommendations that farmers can utilize to protect their crops against potential damage. Currently, the technology necessary to make the warning system more practical has been developed, including technology for forecasting real-time weather conditions, scaling down of weather data to the individual farm level and risk assessments of specific crops. Furthermore, the scientific know-how has already been integrated into a web-based warning system (http://new.agmet.kr). The system is provided to volunteer farmers with direct, one-on-one weather data and disaster warnings along with relevant recommendations. In 2016, an operational system was established in a rural catchment (1,500 km2) in the Seomjin river basin.

20세기 한국의 농업기상재해 특징

심교문,이정택,이양수,김건엽 한국농림기상학회 2003 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.5 No.4

Recently, both climate change and unusual meteorological disasters are becoming a more frequent and serious threat to agricultural production. Destruction of the stabilizing base of agricultural productivity in Korea is a concern. This study provides basic information for stabilizing agricultural production by clarifying and analyzing the features of agro-meteorological disasters which have occurred recently in Korea. The occurrence of meteorological disasters has increased rapidly since the 1940s. A 19-fold increase in occurrence is noted over the past 60 years from 1941 to 2000. Meteorological disasters occurred mostly in August, then in July, and least often in October. In terms of regional occurrences, the frequency of meteorological disasters was the highest in Gangwon (751 times) and in Jeonnam (703 times) provinces, and the lowest in Jeju (459 times) province for the 97 years from 1904 to 2000. Agro-meteorological disasters which caused the most serious damage to cropland were rain storms and typhoons for the 10 years from 1991 to 2000, and they occurred 52 and 18 times during this period, respectively. Agro-meteorological disasters occurred mainly during the summer season (from June to September) when major crops are cultivated in Korea.

국내 사과원 생태계에서 CO2의 연간 순생태 교환량 추정

심교문,민성현,김용석,정명표,최인태,강기경 한국농림기상학회 2016 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.18 No.4

본 연구는 국내 사과원 생태계에 대한 CO2 및 에너지(현열, 잠열) 플럭스를 에디공분산 기법으로 정량화하고 이들의 계절적 변화를 분석하였다. 2006년 국내 사과원 생태계의 누적 NEE는 ‒396.9g C m-2으로, 유사한 환경조건에서 수행된 이탈리아의 사과원 생태계의 NEE (‒380.0g C m-2)와 아주 비슷한 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 양국의 사과원 생태계에서 일 최대 NEE는 6월 하순에 관측되었다. 다만, 국내 장마기간에 해당되는 7월의 NEE는 양국의 과수원 생태계에서 다른 양상을 나타내었다. 이와 같이 과수원 생태계와 같은 집약적으로 관리되는 생태시스템에서도 NEE의 변화가 관개 등 영농활동에 의해서 큰 영향을 받지만, 기온, 강수량 등 환경조건에도 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 조사되었다. 국내 사과원 생태계의 탄소 흡수능력에 대한 보다 정확한 평가를 위해서는 3년 이상의 장기적인 플럭스 자료를 토대로 추가적인 연구가 요구되며, 상호 검증과 탄소수지 평가를 위해서는 챔버방식의 생태학적 접근도 추가로 필요할 것이다. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gases concentration in atmosphere has been growing since preindustrial times. By sequestering a large amount of atmospheric carbon (C), terrestrial ecosystems are thought to offer a mitigation strategy for reducing global warming. Woody agro-ecosystems such as fruit tree are among the least quantified and most uncertain elements in the terrestrial carbon cycle. CO2 and energy fluxes were measured by the eddy covariance method on a 15-year old apple orchard of South Korea in 2006. Environmental parameters (net radiation, precipitation, etc.) were measured along with fluxes. The results showed that during late June, the ability to sequestrate C was significant at an apple orchard ecosystem and it reached on the peak of -6.5 g C m-2 d-1. We found that in the apple orchard, the daily average of net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) and cumulative NEE on a yearly basis were -1.1 g C m-2 and -396.9 g C m-2, respectively. These results reveal that there is high carbon sequestration in the apple orchard of South Korea, which is the same magnitude with repect to that of a natural forested ecosystem of the same biome rank (temperate-humid deciduous forest).

기후변화가 농업부문에 미치는 영향 - '품질저하.수량감소'로 이어져 '신품종 육성.재배법 설정'등 대비해야

심교문,Sim, Gyo-Mun 한국작물보호협회 2009 자연과 농업 Vol.246 No.-

$1912{\sim}2005$년 사이 우리나라의 평균 기온은 지속적으로 상승하여 약 $1.5^{\circ}C$ 상승하였다. 이는 지구 평균기온 상승($0.74^{\circ}C$)의 2배를 상회한 것이다. 장기적으로 농업기상정보시스템을 구축, 농업기상 예보 및 영농대책 자료를 농업인에게 제공해야 할 것이다.

콩 γ-선 처리 돌연변이 계통의 작물학적 및 생화학적 형질 변이

심교문,송희섭,김선형,이해익,김남수 한국육종학회 1996 한국육종학회지 Vol.28 No.3