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Lithium Ion이 家兎 血中 酒精 濃度에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的 硏究
愼鏞建 大韓神經精神醫學會 1968 신경정신의학 Vol.7 No.2
Lithium, since it's discovery in 1818 by Arfwedson, has been tried in the treatment of various diseases, including urinary calculi, gout and epilepsy. As the rationale of these treatments could not be established, most of these treatments are now considered useless or contraindicated. Since Cade, in 1949, made an astute observation of calming effects of lithium salts on guinea-pigs, renewed attention has been focused on the effects of lithium ion. In recent years it has been widely accepted that the lithium ion is an extremely promising and intriguing therapeutic agent in the treatment of mania and other psychotic excitements. So far no work has been done on the effects of lithium ion on blood alcohol level. Therefore, to investigate this area, the author conducted animal experiments of the effects of lithium ion in combination with chlorpromazine and reserpine on blood alcohol level in rabbits. Material and Method 1. The experimental work was done on mature rabbits of both sexes, weighing between 2.0 and 3.0kg. 2. The experiment was done in 2 groups; control and experimental group. 3. Control group was devided into 3 subgroups; alcohol, chlorpromazine and reserpine subgroup, and experimental group was devided into 3 subgroups; lithium, lithium and chlorpromazine, and lithium and reserpine subgroup. 4. All intravenous injections were done into the marginal ear vein of the rabbit. Lithium chloride solution, 6.36%, was given in a dose of 3.0 mEq/kg of body weight daily 4 for days by intravenous route, and the last dose was given 1 hour before alcohol administration. 5. Chlorpromazine, 5%, was given in a dose of 3.0mg/kg of body weight one and half hours before alcohol administration by intravenous and intramuscular route respectively. 6. Reserpine was given in a dose of 3.0mg/kg of body weight by intramuscular route at 30 minutes, 6, 12 and 24 hours before alcohol administration in control group, and at 6 and 12 hours before in experimental group. 7. In all groups, 20% ethanol solution was given in a dose of 5.0ml/kg of body weight in 5 minutes exactly by intravenous route. 8. All of the blood specimens were obtained by cardiac puncture at 15 and 45 minutes after alcohol administration, and in alcohol control group those were obtained also at 30 and 60 minutes after alcohol administration. 9. The ethanol level was determined by Cavett's method. Results 1. In lithium alone group, statistically it was significant that lithium elevated the blood alcohol level in rabbits at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after alcohol administration (P〈0.01, P〈0.01, P〈0.02 and P〈0.05 respectively). 2. In chlorpromazine along group, when it was administered by intravenous route, chlorpromazine elevated significantly the blood alcohol level in rabbits at 45 minutes after alcohol administration (P〈0.05), and when it was administered by intramuscular route at 15 minutes after alcohol administration, the alcohol level was significantly elevated(P〈0.01). 3. In lithium and chlorpromazine combined group, when chlorpromazine administered by intravenous route, lithium and chlorpromazine elevated significantly the blood alchol level at 15 minutes after alcohol administration (P〈0.005), and when chlorpromazine was administered by intramuscular route, the blood alcohol level was elevated more significantly at 15 and 45 minutes after alcohol administration (P〈0.001 respectively). 4. In reserpine alone group. when it was administered 6 and 12 hours before alcohol administration, reserpine lowered significantly the blood alcohol level in rabbits at 15 and 45 minutes after alcohol administration(P〈0,001 respectively). 5. In lithium and reserpine combined group, the blood alcohol level was elevated more significantly at 15 and 45 minutes after alcohol administration(P〈0.001 respectively) when reserpine was given 6 and 12 hours before alcohol administration. Conclusions 1. The intravenous injection of lithium chloride alone in a dose of 3.0 mEq/kg elevated significantly the blood alcohol level in rabbits. 2. The intravenous and intramuscular injection of chlorpromazine alone in a dose of 3.0 mg/kg elevated the blood alcohol level in rabbits significantly, and it was more significant when lithium was combined with chlorpromazine intramuscularly. 3. The intramusculr injection of reserpine in a dose of 3.0 mg/kg lowered the blood alcohol level in rabbits significantly, but when lithium was combined, the blood alcohol level was reverted to a significant elevation.
신용건,주문희 大韓神經精神醫學會 1975 신경정신의학 Vol.14 No.1
Twenty four neurotic patients of various types were placed on Valmane for variable period of time, mostly for three weeks or more. In about half the patients mild gastrointestinal disturbances were observed Valmane appeared to be mildly effective in the management of neurotic patients.
癎疾 特히 小發作에 對한 Clonazepam (Ro5-4023)의 長期治驗
金采元,愼鏞建,李起蘇,白尙昌 大韓神經精神醫學會 1973 신경정신의학 Vol.12 No.2
Clonazepam has been given 26 randomly selected epileptic cases of various types. 24 out of 26 cases have been on the medication for these two years or more. Among them, 7 cases of typical petit mal or atypical petit mal have shown best results. While ineffective in typical psychomotor seizure, it is found to be beneficial in controlling grand mal or mixed type of epilepsy. No tolerance development has been observed. In some cases transient, mild untoward effects such as dizziness, drowsiness, feeling of weakness and unsteady gait have been seen, mostly in the early phase of the treatment. The dosage was gradually increased (ranging 2-8mg daily in most cases). The children seemed to tolerate the drug better than the adults. EEG studies have been carried out.