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신영우(Shin Young-Ou) 호서사학회 2010 역사와 담론 Vol.0 No.57
In this article, I reviewed the aspect of the General Shin Chung-hee's career and activities in the late Joseon dynasty. General Shin Chung-hee(申正熙) was born in the distinguished family. His father Shin Heun(申櫶) and great-grandfather Shin Hong-ju(申鴻周) were well knowned in the military field as well. They were famous genarals in the late Joseon dynasty. Shin Chung-hee joined as a senior officier at young age. The King Heunjong get count on him as one of the most-expected in the next generation. Unfortunately the King met an untimely death at the young age. The king after next, Gojong, opened up the way of promotion to Shin Chung-hee. As a high-ranking officer, he served in a unit of the king's bodyguards that was in the royal palace. Shin Chung-hee served in various high-ranking government posts such as a commanding officer, a deputy mayor of Seoul, and et cetera. In 1877, he was nominated as the chief of the national police agency which was called Pododaejang(捕盜大將) in Joseon dynasty. As the Pododaejang, Shin Chung-hee announced a new policy and stuck to his guns to continue the war on a state of disorder among the people. "Whoever breaks the law shall be punished." Even the servants of the predominant power holder were executed. Shin Chung-hee, the Pododaejang became the minion of the public. General Shin Chung-hee resisted against for the Japanese invasion. He refused to cooperate with the Japanese in every parts. On the other hand, as a commander in Chief of Sunmuyoung(巡撫營), general Shin Chung-hee suppressed the uprising of the Donghak Peasant Army. Right before the end of the uprising, however, General Shin Chung-hee had to resigned the commandership of Sunmuyoung because the Japanese opposited to him.
신영우(Shin, Young-ou) 국방부 군사편찬연구소 2011 군사 Vol.- No.81
In this article, I reviewed the aspect of the General Shin Chung-hee(申正熙)’s career and activities in 1894. He was Commander in Chief of Sunmuyeong(巡撫營) suppressed the uprising of the Donghak Peasant Army. His father Shin Heun(申櫶) and great-grandfather Shin Hong-ju(申鴻周)were well known in the military field as well. They were the famous generals in the late Joseon Dynasty. As a commander in Chief of Sunmuyoung, Shin Chung-hee was placed in a difficult situation. First and most importantly, the Japanese was captured Gyeongbokgung(景福宮) by the army where the king lived and interfered in the domestic affairs of Joseon Dynasty. The second serious problem was the Donghak Peasant Army rose in arms in all parts of the country. They raised their standard before embarking on the uprising. Their ultimate goal was to expel the Japanese out of the Joseon. The high ranking government officials of the Joseon Dynasty, however, had been distrusted the Donghak Peasant Army’s activity and morality. The Donghak Peasant Army extorted money and food from the local yangban(兩班)s every day since spring, 1894. Shin Chung-hee realized that the Donghak Peasant Army wanted to reconstruct the state and transform society; on the other hand, as a general of the Joseon Dynasty, he had to ended the national disorder. The staff officers of the Commander-in-Chief of the Sunmuyound was within the sphere of the Daewonkun(大院君). The Japanese hated Daewonkun. The Japanese army got under arms like a breechloading rifle which was a very powerful new weapons. The regular army of the Joseon dynasty has a role as an assistant because the officer of the Japanese army take hold the right to command. Shin Chung-hee, the commander in Chief of the Sunmuyoung, could not in the vanguard of the operation. The Sunmuyeong and the Japanese Army were not on the same wave length. Meanwhile, one of the chiefs of the Sunmuyeong, Lee Gyu-tae (李圭泰) came into conflict with officers of the Japanese Army. The Japanese army called on disband the Sunmuyeong. On December 27, the Sunmuyeong was dismissed and the General Shin Chung-hee was appointment to the Ganghwayusu(江華留守).
申榮祐(Shin Young-Ou) 역사실학회 2008 역사와실학 Vol.35 No.-
During the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-5 as the fighting between the Chinese and the Japanese military on the Choson territory and Lushun(旅順) of China got fierce the Donghak Peasant Army(東學農民軍) was mass slaughtered for the attack on the Japanese rear base in Chosen. The Japanese General Military Headquarter instructed the mass slaughter of the Donghak Peasant Army as it was the biggest obstacle for the Japanese invasion of the kingdom of Choson. The Japanese commander in chief ordered his men to shoot to kill the Donghak Peasant Army and try to put the blame to the Choson official troops as the number of death toll was exceptionally high. The final death toll was purposefully reduced by the Japanese Army for the popular unrest. Tens of thousands were massacred in the Chungcheong(忠淸) Jeolla(全羅) Gyeongsang(慶尙) Gyeonggi(京畿) Gangwon(江原) and Whanghae-Do(黃海道) provinces and thousands of prisoners were executed. The worst-affected area was the south Jeolla province. Even a conservative estimate suggest over 50 thousands of the Donghak Peasant Army were killed. In comparison 10 Japanese soldiers were officially killed during entire the Donghak Peasant Revolution(東學農民革命).