Al/Zinc-based Metal Organic Framework with Anti-oxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties for Atopic Dermatitis Treatment

변민지,천내영,오유진,신병호,박우람,김세나,박천권 한국고분자학회 2024 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.49 No.1

Advances in Nanoparticles for Effective Delivery of RNA Therapeutics

변민지,임재성,김세나,박대환,김태형,박우람,박천권 한국바이오칩학회 2022 BioChip Journal Vol.16 No.2

RNA therapeutics, including messenger RNA (mRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), are genetic materials that mediate the translation of genetic direction from genes to induce or inhibit specific protein production. Although the interest in RNA therapeutics is rising globally, the absence of an effective delivery system is an obstacle to the clinical application of RNA therapeutics. Additionally, immunogenicity, short duration of protein expression, unwanted enzymatic degradation, and insufficient cellular uptake could limit the therapeutic efficacy of RNA therapeutics. In this regard, novel platforms based on nanoparticles are crucial for delivering RNAs to the targeted site to increase efficiency without toxicity. In this review, the most recent status of nanoparticles as RNA delivery vectors, with a focus on polymeric nanoparticles, peptidederived nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, and hybrid nanoparticles, is discussed. These nanoparticular platforms can be utilized for safe and effective RNA delivery to augment therapeutic effects. Ultimately, RNA therapeutics encapsulated in nanoparticle-based carriers will be used to treat many diseases and save lives.

VGG-16 딥러닝 알고리즘을 활용한 우식치아와 건전치아 분류

변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),전은주 ( Eun-joo Jun ),김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),황재준 ( Jae-joon Hwang ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2021 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives: Diagnosis of dental caries is based on the dentist’s observation and subjective judgment; therefore, a reliable and objective approach for diagnosing caries is required. Intraoral camera images combined with deep learning technology can be a useful tool to diagnose caries. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the VGG-16 convolutional neural network (CNN) model in detecting dental caries in intraoral camera images. Methods: Images were obtained from the Internet and websites using keywords linked to teeth and dental caries. The 670 images that were obtained were categorized by an investigator as either sound (404 sound teeth) or dental caries (266 dental caries), and used in this study. The training and test datasets were divided in the ratio of 7:3 and a four-fold cross validation was performed. The Tensorflow-based Python package Keras was used to train and validate the CNN model. Accuracy, Kappa value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and AUC (area under curve) values were calculated for the test datasets. Results: The accuracy of the VGG-16 deep learning model for the four datasets, through random sampling, was between 0.77 and 0.81, with 0.81 being the highest. The Kappa value was 0.51- 0.60, indicating moderate agreement. The resulting positive predictive values were 0.77-0.82 and negative predictive values were 0.80-0.85. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values were 0.66-0.74, 0.81-0.88, and 0.88-0.91, respectively. Conclusions: The VGG-16 CNN model showed good discriminatory performance in detecting dental caries in intraoral camera images. The deep learning model can be beneficial in monitoring dental caries in the population.

국내 시판되는 치간칫솔 크기와 표기 사항 비교

조유진,변민지,전은주,강시묵,정승화 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2023 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

Objectives: This study compares the labeling information on the sizes of interdental brushes marketed in Korea to their actual sizes. Moreover, it analyzes the relationship between the size of the passage hole diameter (PHD), brush diameter, stem diameter, and stem length. Methods: Among the commercially available interdental brushes in Korea, 171 interdental brushes, 3 in each size, were collected from 9 companies. The labels of the collected interdental brushes were researched, and the PHD was measured and compared. The correlation between the passage hole diameter, brush diameter, stem diameter, and stem length was analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to verify the effect of brush diameter, stem diameter, and stem length on the determination of the PHD. Results: The sizes of the interdental brushes were expressed using the ISO labeling or the Small, Medium, Large (S, M, L) labeling and indicated in units of 0.1. The concordance rate of the measured PHD and named PHD was 39.7%. The measured brush diameter, stem diameter, and stem length increased as the interdental brush size increased. There was a significant correlation (P<0.01) between PHD, brush diameter, stem diameter, and stem length. The order of variables with the most to least significant influence on PHD was stem diameter (β=0.528), brush diameter (β=0.404), and stem length (β=0.074). Conclusions: This study shows that the label and actual size of interdental brushes did not match, and the concordance rate between the measured and labeled PHDs was low. Therefore, the interdental brush size labels among manufacturers should be standardized. Moreover, these manufacturers must provide the correct size information for the interdental brushes.

유아의 정서지능과 친사회적 행동의 관계에서 유아-교사 관계의 조절효과에 관한 연구

서소정(Seo So Jung),변민지(Beon Min Ji),하지영(Ha Ji Young) 한국보육학회 2016 한국보육학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 유아의 정서지능과 친사회적 행동의 관계에서 유아-교사관계의 조절효과가 나타나는지 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 서울과 경기 지역에 소재한 23개 어린이집에 재원하고 있는 만 3, 4, 5세 유아 246명과 담임교사 56명이었다. 유아의 친사회적 행동과 유아-교사관계에 관한 질문지는 담임교사에 의해 작성되었고, 유아의 정서지능은 사전에 훈련된 연구자에 의해 측정되었다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 남아에 비해 여아의 정서지능과 친사회적 행동 점수가 전반적으로 높았으며, 유아-교사 관계에서 남아보다 여아가 친밀감은 높은 한편, 갈등은 적은 것으로 나타났다. 유아의 연령에 따라서는 대체로 주요변인들의 차이가 유의하지 않았으며, 만 5세 유아가 더 어린 유아들에 비해 교사와의 갈등 수준이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유아의 정서지능과 친사회적 행동의 관계에서 유아와 교사 간의 갈등 및 의존관계의 조절효과가 나타났다. 즉 유아-교사 갈등수준이 낮을 경우 유아의 낮은 정서지능으로 인해 친사회적 행동에 미칠 수 있는 부정적 영향을 완충하는 역할을 하였다. 한편 유아-교사 간의 관계가 의존적일수록 정서지능이 높고 낮음에 따른 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향의 차이가 적은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 유아의 정서지능과 친사회적 행동의 관계에서 나타나는 유아-교사관계의 조절효과를 확인함으로써 유아의 친사회적 행동의 발달을 도모하기 위한 제언을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effects of child-teacher relationships on the relation between young children’s emotional intelligence and their pro-social behavior. The participants were 246 children and 56 their head teachers who were attending preschools(aged 3 to 5 years old) located in Seoul and Kyung-gi province, Korea. The pro-social behavior and child-teacher relationship were assessed by the teachers of this study. The levels of emotional intelligence were tested by a trained researcher. The main results of this study as follows. First, girls were found to have higher levels of emotional intelligence as well as those of pro-social behavior than their counterparts by gender. Also, the relation between preschoolers’ emotional intelligence and their pro-social behavior were significantly moderated by both conflict and dependence driven child-teacher relationships. Implications for future research and practice were discussed.

경상남도 합천군 합천읍 수돗물불소농도조정사업의 18년간 영구치우식 예방효과

김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),전은주 ( Eun-joo Jun ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ),김진범 ( Jin-bom Kim ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2020 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

Objectives: The water fluoridation program in Hapcheon township area has been implemented since 2000. This study aimed to evaluate the caries-preventive effect of water fluoridation on permanent teeth after implementation of an 18-year community water fluoridation program in a suburban area. Methods: A survey was conducted in 2018 with 359 subjects, aged 8, 10, and 12 years, residing in the Hapcheon township area. In this prospective cohort study, the data on caries prevalence obtained from 671 subjects, aged 8, 10, and 12 years, in 2000, when the community water fluoridation program was initiated in the township, were used as a cohort to evaluate the caries-preventive effect after 18 years. The caries-preventive effect of community water fluoridation on permanent teeth was estimated by comparison of the adjusted DMFT scores between the program and the control group, and between the pre- and post-program data after 18 years. The confounding factor, mean number of fissure-sealed teeth, was adjusted to estimate the caries-preventive effect of fluoridation on permanent teeth. Results: Based on the results of the surveys conducted in Hapcheon-eup in 2000 and 2018, the mean number of fissure-sealed permanent teeth was 2.24 in 2000 and 1.38 in 2018. The mean DMFT scores of subjects aged 8, 10, and 12 years in 2018, adjusted for fissure-sealed permanent teeth in the fluoridated area, were significantly lower than those reported by the 2018 Korea National Children’s Oral Health Survey. In addition, the mean values of the adjusted DMFT scores of subjects aged 8, 10, and 12 years in 2018, after the 18-year fluoridation program, were significantly lower than those reported in 2000, the year the fluoridation program was initiated. Conclusions: Community water fluoridation has a high caries-reducing effect; thus, the reintroduction of water fluoridation program is desirable to prevent dental caries.

불소바니시 5종의 불소이온용출량 비교: 실험실 연구

김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),남용태 ( Yong-tae Nam ),김진범 ( Jin-bom Kim ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2019 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to compare the fluoride-release between different fluorine varnish under in vitro experimental conditions. Methods: In this study, 5 fluoride varnish products distributed in Korea were selected. V-varnishTM (Vericom, Korea: VV), CavityShieldTM (3M ESPE, USA: CS), ClinproTM White varnishTM (3M ESPE, USA: CP), MI VarnishTM (GC, Japan: MI), and Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein: FP). For the in vitro study, 10 mg of each fluoride varnish was thinly applied to the same area of the specimen. The specimen was then immersed in 3 ml of distilled water at consistent intervals to confirm fluoride release. Nine specimens per group were used. Fluoride ion electrodes were used to measure the fluoride concentration of the solution. The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was performed to compare between each experimental group, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank nonparametric test was performed to compare experimental groups over time. The significance level for a Type I error was set at 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: In vitro experiments showed that the amount of fluoride released from MI was higher than the other groups during the first 12 hours after application. However, the amount of fluoride released from CP and CS was higher than MI as the immersion time increased over 12 and 20 hours, respectively. The fluoride release from FP was the lowest at all measurement points. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the remaining fluoride effect from rosin type fluoride varnishes was higher than liquid type fluoride varnishes. There were differences in the residual fluoride concentrations despite each fluoride varnish having the same fluoride content.

아크릴과 분광광도계를 이용한 치약마모도 평가

정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ),변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),전은주 ( Eun-joo Jun ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2023 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.47 No.4

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a method for objectively evaluating toothpaste abrasivity, enabling a direct comparison between different toothpastes. Methods: Nine commercially available toothpaste variants were selected, and 8 mm thick acrylic specimens were allocated to each toothpaste treatment group (n=7). A control group without toothpaste was also included. Specimens and toothbrushes were mounted on the V8 Cross brushing machine, and toothpaste (0.05-0.1 g) was applied for 20 strokes under a 200 g load and 1 Hz speed. The surface wear was measured at an absorbance of 600 nm in a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Specimens were then photographed with a polarized light microscope, and the gray value of the worn brushed part was obtained through image analysis using Image J software. A one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc test was employed for analyzing absorbance and gray value differences among the toothpaste groups. The correlation between absorbance and gray value was assessed using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: Significant differences were noted in absorbance and gray values across the toothpaste groups (P<0.05), and a strong correlation was observed between the absorbance and the values from the images analyzed (r=0.948, P<0.001). The wear rankings based on absorbance and image analysis values were mostly the same. Conclusions: This study introduces a direct and objective method for evaluating toothpaste abrasion, offering users objective information on different toothpaste types.

대사증후군 요소와 치주염의 관련성: 35-79세 한국인

김지수 ( Ji-soo Kim ),김세연 ( Se-yeon Kim ),변민지 ( Min-ji Byon ),이정하 ( Jung-ha Lee ),정승화 ( Seung-hwa Jeong ),김진범 ( Jin-bom Kim ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2019 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.43 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) (waist circumference, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension) and periodontitis in Korean adults aged 35-79 years. Methods: In this study, data from the Sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2013-2015) were analyzed. Among the 22,948 participants of the Sixth KNHANES, 8,314 participants, who were aged 35-79 years and had completed all systemic and oral health examinations and questionnaires, were included in this study. Confounding variables associated with the demographics and socioeconomic status and systemic and oral health-related behaviors were age, gender, household income, the educational level, smoking and drinking habits, the physical activity status, and frequency of daily toothbrushing. The independent variables were components of MetS, and the dependent variable was periodontitis. Results: Periodontitis was diagnosed in 37.0% of the participants. The incidence of periodontitis among participants with MetS was 47.9%. The incidences of periodontitis among participants with three, four, and five components of MetS were 44.8%, 50.0%, and 56.2%, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis among participants with MetS was 1.43 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-1.61). The participants with three, four, and five components of MetS showed a significantly higher OR for periodontitis than those with no components of MetS (three components, OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02-1.36; four components, OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.14-1.59; five components, OR=1.68, 95% CI: 1.29-2.20). Conclusions: A higher number of components of MetS augments the OR of periodontitis.

Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment with biotechnology

Kim Minjeong,Lee Na Kyeong,Wang Chi-Pin James,Lim Jaesung,변민지,김태형,박우람,Park Dae-Hwan,Kim Se-Na,박천권 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique environment that is developed by the tumor and controlled by tumor-induced interactions with host cells during tumor progression. The TME includes immune cells, which can be classified into two types: tumor- antagonizing and tumor-promoting immune cells. Increasing the tumor treatment responses is associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. Targeting the TME has become a popular topic in research, which includes polarizing macrophage phenotype 2 into macrophage phenotype 1 using Toll-like receptor agonists with cytokines, anti-CD47, and anti-SIPRα. Moreover, inhibiting regulatory T cells through blockades and depletion restricts immunosuppressive cells in the TME. Reprogramming T cell infiltration and T cell exhaustion improves tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, such as CD8+ or CD4+ T cells. Targeting metabolic pathways, including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolisms, can suppress tumor growth by restricting the absorption of nutrients and adenosine triphosphate energy into tumor cells. In conclusion, these TME reprogramming strategies exhibit more effective responses using combination treatments, biomaterials, and nanoparticles. This review highlights how biomaterials and immunotherapy can reprogram TME and improve the immune activity.