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      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        만성 실질성 간질환 환자 혈청에서 Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor 및 Angiogenin 농도의 변동

        백인규(In Kyu Paik),이숭환(Soong Hwan Lee),조윤주(Yun Ju Cho),이성희(Sung Hee Lee),김홍주(Hong Ju Kim),남승우(Seung Woo Nam),고희관(Hee Kwan Koh),이창범(Chang Beom Lee),박동일(Dong Il Park),조영중(Yong Jung Cho) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.6

        N/A Background/Aims: Liver fibrosis by the progression of the chronic process of the liver disease induces deformed microcirculations of the hepatic lobules and this eventually resulted in portal hypertension. Angiogenic stimulant factors are physiologically activated in order to repair the tissue damage. Overexpression of angiogenic factors, however, can stimulate neovascularization as in a formation of the hypervascular tumor that liberates uncontrolled overgrowing of the tumor cells. To elucidate the dynamic changes of the serum concentration of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) and angiogenin in chronic liver diseases, this study is intended to employ an ELISA out of pathologically proven patients. Methods: Sera taken out of the 44 patients with chronic persistent hepatitis(5 cases), chronic active hepatitis(6 cases), liver cirrhosis(19 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma(14 cases) were tested for bFGF and angiogenin employing Quantikine' ELISA Kits (R & D Systems Inc. Minneapolis, MN) that pathological diagnosis was proven )ater. The statistical analysis was evaluated by students t-test. Results: Serum mean value and standar<I error of bFGF concentration(pg/ml) was 11.851.98 in 19 cases of liver cirrhosis, 9.86+2.35 in 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 9.48+4.57 in 6 cases of chronic active hepatitis, and 8.29+2.63 in 5 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis. Mean value and standard error of angiogenin concentration (ng/ml) of the sera was 238.92+50.95 in 5 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis, 184.47+12.75 in 6 cases of chronic active bepatitis, 131.36+10.99 in 19 cases of liver cirrhosis, and 211.03+19.08 in 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, respectively. Serum angiogenin concentration in liver cirrhosis was significantly lower than that in chronic persistent hepatitis(p=0.0033(I), and than that in chronic active hepatitis(p=0.018673). Angiogenin concentration in hepatocellular carcinoma was very significantly elevated, when compared with the level of the liver cirrhosis investigated (p=0.000569). Conclusions: These data suppoit that persistent inflammatory insults in chronic hepatitis were compensated by the elevation of angiogenin, but complete fibrosis as in liver cirrhosis showed the depressed level of angiogenin. Again, emerging of the hepatocellular carcinoma is accompanying with the elevated stitnuli of angiogenin for the neovascularization. In contrast, bFGF in this study was statistically not significant but may be related with fibrosis and reconstruction of microvascular system accompanying with progression of chronic parenchymal liver diseases to liver cirrhosis.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:806-814)

      • KCI우수등재

        합성피혁 스킨용 폴리우레탄 수분산체의 제조 및 primerless 접착 특성 연구

        김은지,백인규,박재형,Kim, Eun Ji,Paik, In Kyu,Park, Jae Hyung 한국섬유공학회 2017 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.54 No.1

        Shoes, made up of an upper shoe, insole, and outsole, are manufactured by adhering each of the parts together. It has been proven that pre-treating each of these parts greatly improves the adhesive strength when adhering them together. However, harmful materials such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are often emitted from organic solvents during pre-treatment, causing environmental concerns such as air pollution in the workplace. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a water-based polyurethane skin resin for fabricating a synthetic leather and textile adhesive that has greater adhesive strength and does not require pre-treatment. To achieve this, two waterborne polyurethane solutions, one with excellent thermal resistance and light fastness (waterborne polyurethane A) and the other with high adhesive strength (waterborne polyurethane B), were mixed to impart the superior characteristics of each to a third waterborne polyurethane solution. Through this approach, we were able to successfully fabricate an excellent waterborne leather polyurethane resin with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) for midsoles (peel strength: 2.9 kgf/cm) and for rubber out-soles (peel strength: 2.4 kgf/cm) without using pre-treatment.

      • KCI등재후보

        이성분계 혼합 폴리우레탄 수분산체의 제조 및 접착 특성 연구

        김은지 ( Eun Ji Kim ),백인규 ( In Kyu Park ),박재형 ( Jae Hyung Park ) 한국접착및계면학회 2018 접착 및 계면 Vol.19 No.1

        본 연구는 선처리제 공정을 생략하고 우수한 접착 특성을 가지는 합성피혁용 스킨(skin) 수지제조에 관한 것으로 이성분계 혼합 폴리우레탄 수분산체를 제조하여 이에 대한 선처리제(primer)를 생략한 접착 시편의 접착특성을 평가하는 것이다. 이성분계 혼합 폴리우레탄 수분산체의 제조는 에스터(ester)계 폴리우레탄 수지(PU-T)와 카보네이트(carbonate)계 폴리우레탄 수지(PU-C)를 각각 합성하고 이를 배합함으로써 최종 수지를 얻었다. 선처리제를 생략한 접착시편의 접착강도 측정결과, 우수한 상태접착강도 (Ethylene vinyl acetate(중창): 4.2 kg<sub>f</sub>/cm, 고무(겉창) : 4.4 kg<sub>f</sub>/cm)를 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 신발 제조 공정에서 필수불가결하게 사용되었던 선처리제(primer) 공정을 생략가능하게 함으로써 공정의 단축과 선처리제(primer)에서 발생되는 휘발성유기화합물 (VOCs)의 감소를 가져와 친환경적인 장점을 지닌다. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the adhesive properties of polyurethane mixed aqueous dispersions by omitting the primer, dealing with the preparation of skins for synthetic leather with excellent adhesion by omitting the pre-treatment process. The two-component mixed polyurethane water dispersion was prepared by synthesizing an ester-based polyurethane resin (PU-T) and a carbonate-based polyurethane resin (PU-C) to obtain the final resin. As a result of measuring the peel strength of the adhesive specimens omitting the pre-treatment agent, it was confirmed that the state adhesive strength (ethylene vinyl acetate (middle): 4.2 kg<sub>f</sub>/cm and rubber (outsole): 4.4 kg<sub>f</sub>/cm) there was. This makes it possible to omit the pre-treatment process which has been indispensably used in the shoe manufacturing process, thereby reducing the process time and reducing the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated in the pre-treatment product, resulting in environmentally advantageous.

      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재후보
      • KCI등재

        피혁물로부터 동물성 유지와 단백질의 호l수 및 재자원화 기술 연구

        윤종국(Jong-Kook Yun),백인규(In-Kyu Paik),조도광(Do-Kwang Cho),박재형(Jae-Hyung Park),최주현(Ju-Hyun Choi) 유기성자원학회 2002 유기물자원화 Vol.10 No.3

        Each kinds of the leather process wastes which is occurred in the leather making process is almost more than 50% on the basis of the raw hide. The emitted process wastes are important oil and fars and prorein resources because they are composed of animal oil and fats and fìbrous protein. But most of them are incinεrate or filled up simply as the indusuial wastes without applying to recycling into the other use. Thus the ptoblems of environmental pollution are becoming more crirical and the processing cost of the leather process wastes (40,OOO~ 60,OOO won) is a heavy burden on the production cost. Because the organic wastes such as f1eshing scrap, pelt scrap are high fetid, irs unlawful abandonment without being processed properly causes the occurrence of secondary pollution byan offensive odor and leakage of waste water. Thus we made the re-resource experiments in order to resolve this problems. The principal comems of this srudy are to process the collecred leather wasre scrape through separate the oil and far ingrediems with varlous properη by processing various chemicals and enzymes on rhe next effecror. The re-resource application of separated oil and fat ingrediems produced chemical for leather applicable ro manufacturing process of leather through chemical transformation process(sulphation reaction, sulphitation reaction etc.) of oil and fats. 피혁 제조 공정에서 발생되는 각종 피혁 가공 폐기물의 발생율은 원료피 기준 거의 50% 이상이며 배출되는 피혁 가공 폐기물들은 50% 이상의 수분을 함유한 동물성 유지 및 섬유상 단백질로 구성되어 있어 귀중한 유지 및 단백질 자원임에도 불구하고 다른 용도로의 재활용 적용 없이 대부분 산업 폐기물로 소각하거나 단순 매립 처리하고 있다. 이로 인해 이 들 피혁 가공 폐기물에 의한 환경오염 문제가 날로 심각해져 가고 있는 실정 이며 피혁 가공폐기물에 대한 과다한 처리비용(4만원 ~6만원/Ton)으로 생산 원가 측면에 서도 큰 부담이 되고 있다. 더욱이 Fleshing scrap, Pelt scrap과 같은 유기성 폐기물의 경우는 부패성이 높아 적절하게 처리되지 않고 불법투기될 경우에 발생하는 악취, 오수 누출 등에 의한 2차 오염이 발생됨으로 이러한 문제점을 해결하고자 재자원화 실험을 실시하여 유지 및 단백질의 재회수 기술 개발과 이를 이용한 재 자원화 기술 개발로 피혁 처리용 약품을 제조하였다.

      • KCI등재후보

        당질코르티코이드성 골다공증 환자의 골절의 Paradox 와 부갑상선 호르몬의 특징적 변화

        이창범(Chang Beom Lee),백인규(In Kyu Baik),고희관(Hee Kwan Koh),이동석(Dong Suk Lee),이창화(Chang Hwa Lee),문두섭(Du Sup Moon),박용수(Yong Soo Park),최웅환(Woong Hwan Choi),김태화(Tae Wha Kim),안유헌(You Hern Ahn),김묵현(Mok Hyun Kim 대한내과학회 1996 대한내과학회지 Vol.50 No.5

        N/A Objectives: The authors studied the relationship between patients who had fractures due to glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis and their conventionally measured bone mineral density. We also studied the charicteristic changes of parathyroid hormone in glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis. Methods: We analyzed 354patients with osteoporosis who had been taking Triamcinolone in doses greater than 2mg per day for 6months or more. BMD was measured by QCT and the fractures were diagnosed by lateral CT films. We measured the intact parathyroid hormone(intact PTH) by IRMA (Immunoradiometric assay). Results: In patients whose BMD measured 10 -69mg/Cm3, 35-80% had fractures. Patients with BMD in the range of 70-89mg/Cm3 showed a decreased percentage of fractures, while those with BMD over 140mg/Cm3 revealed an still remained percentage of fractures. The intact PTH averaged 42.3pg/ml in the 7th decade, 443pg/ml in the 8th decade, and 40.2pg/ml in the 9th decade. We couldn't find an increased level of intact PTH with aging. Patients with increased intact PTH levels of 90-99pg/ml and 110-119pg/ml, showed normal alkaline phosphatase levels of 77.7U/L and 66.0U/L respectively. We found one patient in the 5th decade, four in the 6th decade and three in the 7th decade, whose BMD according to their age was above normal range although their intact PTH levels were also above normal. Conclusion This study reveals that the BMD of trabecular vertebra measured by conventional QCT cannot show the histomorphometric stucture of the bone which is a major determining factor of in fractures. And the authors suggest that intact PTH donot increase in age dependant type II osteoporosis even when the patients were on glucocorticoids.

      • KCI등재

        비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 폴리비닐알코올 / 폴리아크릴산 필름의 내수성 및 차단성 연구

        김은지(Eun Ji Kim),박재형(Jae Hyung Park),백인규(In Kyu Paik) 한국청정기술학회 2012 청정기술 Vol.18 No.1

        폴리비닐알코올(PVA)을 증류수를 사용하여 용액으로 만든 후, 소수성을 가지는 비닐트리에톡시실란(VTEOS)을 이용하여 개질하였다. 실란으로 개질된 PVA 용액에 폴리아크릴산(PAA)을 함량별로 넣어 제조하였다. 다양한 PAA 함량에 따라 제조된 필름으로 열적-기계적 성질, 접촉각, 수분 투과율, 산소 투과율을 측정하였다. 필름의 유리 전이 온도는 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질한 경우 약간 높아졌으나, PAA의 함량에 따른 변화는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA/ PAA 필름의 인장 강도는 9.48~10.72 kg/mm²으로 PVA와 큰 차이가 나지 않았다. 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA와 PAA의 비율이 90/10인 필름의 경우 팽윤도 198%, 용해도 10%로 측정되어 PVA에 비하여 내수성이 개선되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 비닐트리에톡시실란으로 개질된 PVA와 PAA의 비율이 90/10인 필름(두께 2.5 μm)을 PET 필름(두께50 μm) 위에 코팅하여 제조된 필름의 수분 투과율과 산소 투과율은 각각 11.04 g/m²/day와 3.1 cc/m²/day로 측정되었다. Aqueous poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution was modified by using hydrophobic vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEOS) and then adding different amounts of poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) to the resulting solution. Thermal and mechanical properties, contact angle, water vapor transmission rate (MVTR) and oxygen gas transmission rate (O₂TR) of the film samples fabricated by these solutions were investigated. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the VTEOS-modified films was sightly increased and the value remained unchanged according to the amount of PAA. The tensile strength of the VTEOS-modified films was found to be 9.48~10.72 kg/mm² which showed no significant difference compared with that of PVA. The film prepared with VTEOS-modified PVA/PAA (= 90/10), of which the swelling and solubility were measured to be 198% and 0%, respectively, showed improved water-resistance. The MVTR and O₂TR for the PET film (thickness 50 μm) coated with VTEOS-modified PVA/PAA (= 90/10) film (thickness 2.5 μm) were measured to be 11.04 g/m²/day and 3.1 cc/m²/day, respectively.

      • KCI등재

        폴리비닐알콜/수분산 에틸렌-아크릴산 공중합체 블렌딩 필름의 내수성 및 수분/산소 차단성 연구

        김은지 ( Eun Ji Kim ),박재형 ( Jae Hyung Park ),백인규 ( In Kyu Paik ) 한국공업화학회 2012 공업화학 Vol.23 No.2

        에틸렌-아크릴산 공중합체(EAA)를 물에 분산시킨 후, 폴리(비닐 알코올) (PVA) 수용액과 블렌딩하여 내수성 및 차단성이 향상된 필름을 제조하였다. EAA의 함량에 따라 제조된 필름으로 열적-기계적 성질, 접촉각, 수분 투과율, 산소 투과율을 측정하였고 내수성에 대한 평가 실험도 진행하였다. 필름의 인장강도는 9.16~11.75 kg/mm2으로 PVA와 큰 차이가 없었으며, 경도의 경우는 EAA 함량에 따라 값이 점점 증가하였다. 유리전이 온도와 용융 온도는 약간 향상되었다. PVA/EAA의 비율이 90/10인 블렌딩 필름의 경우 Swelling 109%, Solubility 0%로 측정되어 PVA에 비하여 내수성이 개선되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, PVA/EAA의 비율이 90/10인 블렌딩 필름(두께 2.5 μm)을 PET 필름(두께 50 μm) 위에 코팅하여 제조된 필름의 수분 투과율과 산소 투과율은 각각 9.1 g/m2/day과 2.0 cc/m2/day으로 측정되었다. Blending films having enhanced water-resistance and barrier properties were prepared using the mixtures of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aqueous solution and poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid) (EAA) dispersed in water. Thermal-mechanical properties, contact angles, water-vapor transmission rates (WVTR) and oxygen transmission rates (O2TR) were measured with the content of EAA of blending films, and their water-resistance was evaluated. The tensile strength of the films was found to be 9.16~11.75 kg/mm 2 which showed no significant difference compared with that of PVA, and the hardness increased with the content of EAA. The glass transition temperature and melting temperature of the blending films were slightly improved. The film prepared with PVA/EAA (= 90/10), of which the swelling and solubility were measured to be 109 and 0%, respectively, showed improved water-resistance. The WVTR and O2TR for the PET film (thickness 50 μm) coated with PVA/EAA (= 90/10) film (thickness 2.5 μm) were measured to be 9.1 g/m 2 /day and 2.0 cc/m 2 /day, respectively.

      • KCI등재

        폴리카보네이트계 및 폴리에테르계 폴리올 기반 자가치유 기능 수분산 폴리우레탄 합성과 특성

        권선영 ( Seon-young Kwon ),박수용 ( Soo-yong Park ),백인규 ( In Kyu Paik ),정일두 ( Ildoo Chung ) 한국접착및계면학회 2022 접착 및 계면 Vol.23 No.1

        본 연구에서는 폴리올의 혼합으로 폴리우레탄의 물성 저하를 보완하고자 하였다. 신발 및 소재 코팅용으로서 자가치유 기능을 가지는 수분산 폴리우레탄 수지를 합성하기 위해 내구성 및 내열성이 우수한 polyether 폴리올과 기계적 물성이 뛰어난 polycarbonate 폴리올을 병용하여 합성하였으며, 자가치유 기능의 부여를 위해 disulfide기를 도입하였다. 합성된 자가치유 기능 수분산 폴리우레탄은 fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR)을 통해 확인되었으며, universial testing machine (UTM)과 scanning electron microscope (SEM) 측정을 통해 물리적 특성 및 자가치유 특성을 확인하였다. Polycarbonate 폴리올을 병용함으로써 인장강도 및 경도가 증가하였고, 신장율은 감소하였다. 또한 열적 특성의 비교 결과, polycarbonate 폴리올의 함량이 증가함에 따라 열 안정성이 증가하였다. 치료효율은 poly(tetramethylene ether)glycol : polycarbonate polyol = 0.75 : 0.25일 때 가장 높은 효율을 보여주었으며, 현미경 및 SEM을 이용한 표면 관찰을 통해 손상 부분이 치유된 것을 확인하였다. In this study, self-healable waterborne polyurethane (SH-WPU) as shoes and coating materials with self-healable disulfide functionalities was synthesized by mixing polyether polyol to impart excellent durability and heat resistance and polycarbonate polyol to impart excellent mechanical properties. The synthesized SH-WPU was characterized by fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and physical and self-healing properties were confirmed through universal testing machine (UTM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. Tensile strength and hardness were increased and elongation was decreased by using polycarbonate polyol. In addition, as a result of comparison of thermal properties, thermal stability has been increased as the content of polycarbonate polyol increased. The healing efficiency showed the highest efficiency when poly(tetramethylene ether)glycol : polycarbonate polyol = 0.75 : 0.25, and it was confirmed that the damaged part was healed through surface observation using a microscope and SEM.

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