실내지피식물 도입활성화를 위한 인공광질에 따른 식물반응에 관한 연구

방광자,박혜경,김용태 상명대학교 산업과학연구소 2000 産業科學硏究 Vol.- No.9

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental information of growth response of ground cover plants under artificial light quality at indoor. Cordy line terminalis, Spathiphyllum 'Clevelandii', Syngonium podophyllum, Scindaps usaureus were examined under a 1,000lux light intensity consisted of Mercury lamp, True-lite lamp, Incandescent lamp, Dark-room and Sunlight indoor condition. A data analysis were performed by GLM, Duncan's multiple range test and mean score with SAS programs. Results of experiment s are as follows ; 1. A plant growth status was better showed under the True-lite lamp than Sunlight. 2. Leaf length and leaf width were increased under True-lite lamp, but most of plants was not significantly affected by artificial light quality. 3. A stem length of Syng onium p odophyllum was increased the highest rank under sunlight also, one of artificial light, the highest increase rank was showed under Incandescent lamp. 4. Chlorophyll content was highly increased under Mercury lamp, but was responded poor under Incandescent lamp.

중부지방 조경용 자생식물 소재의 개발에 관한 연구

방광자,이종석 한국조경학회 1993 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

In the middle areas of South Korea, we collected 308 wild herbaceous species for studying the possibility of landscaping and, growing them at West in Yongin country of Kyunggi province. We observed their vegetative and flowering characteristic. And the result is as follow: 1. 76 species(24.7%) such as Hosta capitata, etc. of them are thought useful for flower-bedding or landscaping for park and ground-covering, while 94 species(30.6%) are regarded useful for ground-covering, potting and indoor-planting. They are Nepatica maxima and Thaliticum minus var. hypoleucum, etc. 46 species(15%) seems to be useful for flower-bedding, ground-covering and potting. 2. 264(85.7%) of all the observed species are for the enjoyment of their flowers, while 36 species(11.4%) for the enjoyment of their leaves, and 9 species(2.9%) for their fruit. They are Viburnum dilatatum, etc. 3. As for the relation of their habits to light conditions, 148 species(48%) grow int he full sun of more than 50,000Lux, 138 species(44.8%) usually in in the half shade of 20,000 to 30,000Lux, 15 species(4.9%) in the shade of some 10,000Lux, and 7 speciese grow either in the full sun or in the shde. 4. some species such as Wasabia koreansa, Allium succuliferum, Asterglehni, Ligulariafisheri, Ligularia stenocephala Epimedium koreanum are considered available as edible plants as well as ornamentals plants, and Houttuynia cordata. Saururus chinensis, Epimedium koreanum need to be further developed not only as ornamental plants but also medicinal plants.

우리나라 실내조경의 방향성 제시를 위한 기초 연구

방광자,최경옥,이진희 상명대학교 산업과학연구소 1999 産業科學硏究 Vol.- No.8

The purpose of this study was to suggest the desirable plan and design elements of atrium in the interior spaces of office buildings. For this purpose, a field survey and a question survey of atrium in office buildings were carried out from september 3, 1998 to December 10, 1998. The type of atrium was classified into 3 groups by an use object of a site for example, These types were an appreciative type, a mixed type for a appreciation and rest and a rest type. Data analyses were performed by mean scores and frequence scores based on SAS program. The results are as follows ; 1. A necessity of atrium in office buildings was 85.3 percent and the major factors was "refresh" accounted for 42.3 percent. 2. Comparing with the effect of interior landscaping space, in case of rest type, "refresh" was obtained the highest score. In case of an appreciative type and an mixed type, An attribute of image was obtained the highest score. 3. Comparing with the environmental design elements serviced satisfaction, in case of total type, an interior landscaping plants was obtained the highest score and "pond and fountain", "sound of birds", "dome", "lighting" were followed. but the require of design elements to atrium were difference between rest type and appreciative type. 4. From the aspect of utilization, Three of the types had the same visit chance by 2 or 3 times a week. but an use time of rest type was longer than appreciative type.

실내조경소재로써 자생식물의 활용성에 관하여

방광자,주진희 한국자생식물보존회 2001 자생식물 Vol.54 No.-

실내식물 개발을 위한 광조건이 자생 후추등의 생육과 광합성에 미치는 영향

방광자,주진희,Bang Kwang-Ja,Ju Jin-Hee 한국조경학회 2004 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of light intensities on the growth and net photosynthesis of Piper kauzura under different shading levels : 0%, 50%, 70% and 90% of sunlight. Mortality rate was lowest under a 70% shading level but 0% and 90% shading levels were about 46% and 53% each respectively. Plant height was shorter and leaf size was smaller and yellowish under a 0% shading level but increased when light intensity was decreased. However, under a 90% shading level, growth of Piper kauzura was inferior to other treatments. Top fresh weight was about 11.24g under a 50% shading level and about two times higher than that observed in about 6.6g under a 90% shading level. Root fresh weight was about 7.7g under a 0% shading level and was about two times higher than that showed in about 3.84g and 3.64g under 90% and 70% respectively. Total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b rate were increased when light intensity was decreased. Net Photosynthesis achieved the highest under a 70% shading level and maximum photosynthetic photon flux density was 150 molㆍm/sup -2/ㆍs/sup -1/. Therefore, growth of Piper kauzura was good under 50∼70% shading, Meaning that it is an indoor plant that could be highly utilized.

우리나라 조경 수목의 식재 분포에 관한 연구

방광자,이종석 한국조경학회 1995 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

A total of 394 plant species in 74 families planted in home gardens, public building gardens, campuses of elementaiy, middle, and high schools, and universities, recreation areas, city parks, loeal and national ways, and highways from 1.21 local areal in Korea were surveyed- A comparison of the surveyed species to nation-widei.y growing species in those areas were studied. the results obtained were as follows : 1. The ratio of evergreen to deciduous plant species was 38.1:61,9 and that of tree:scrub:vine was 54:40.9:5.1. 2. The ratio of evergreen to deciduous plant species was 27.5:72.5 among total 276 land-scape plant species surveyed in Seoul and Kyongki-do province. The ratios were 32:68 in Kwangwon-do, 36.1:63.9 ill Chungchongbuk-do, 37:61 iii Chungchongnanl-do, 36.4:63.6 in Kyungsangbuk-do, 39.2:60.8 고 Kyungsangaaal-do, 35.7:64.5 in Jollabuk-do, 40.6:59.4 in Jollanam-do, and 43.1 :56.9 in Cheju-do. This results tell that more evergreen species are growing in the southern than in northern region in Korea. 3. Plants with 100% frequency in national planting were 8 species inclubing Forsythia koreana 91-99% were 6 species including Taxus cuspidata, 81-90% were 13 species including Magnolia liilflora, 71-80% were 10 speces including Buxus microphylla val, koreana, 61-70% were 13 species including Thuja occiduntakus, 51-60% were 15 species including Pius thunbergii, 41-50% were 15 species including Kerria japonica, 31-40% were 17 species including Cryptomeria japonica, 21-30% were 28 species including Viturnum awabuki, and below 20% were 267 species including Koelreuteria paniculata. 4 Uppermost north latitude of planting distribution of major temperature species was sum- marized as follows: Although it has been reported that Cryptomeria japonica is possible to grow in areas around -47, the result from this study shows that Cryptomeria japonica grows normally in Choonchun Seoul, Samchuck, and Kwangryeung, etc. , and is possible to grow normally in the areas with approximately -6$^{\circ}C$ in an average temperature in January, where are -2$^{\circ}C$ colder than the reported temperature, but locally warm Phyllostachys bambusoides is distributed to Mt. Kumkang and Mt. Sulak, and also planted in Seoul, Kwangryeung, and Chunchon.

우리 나라 기념식수의 식재 및 지자체별 상징식물 지정현황의 문제점과 개선책

방광자,박성은,손을영,설종호 상명대학교 산업과학연구소 1998 産業科學硏究 Vol.- No.6

지하철역내의 실내조경현황과 개선방안에 관한 연구

방광자,주진희,박혜경,박성은 한국조경학회 1998 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions, to find problems, and to present an improvement plan of interior landscape in the subway stationis. Moreoiver, it will presume the possibilties to develop the subway and ways to utilie underground space effectively. The results are summarized as follows A light intensity was recorded 0-100 Lux as the lowest light and 500 Lux below as the highest in 61 subway stations. An average temperature of 12 $^{\circ}C$and an air humidity of 38% were recorded over a 4 month period from January to April, but includes a drastic variaton between -8.5$^{\circ}C$ and 21.5$^{\circ}C$. Soil acidity of pH 7 below and soil moisture of 1-2 wet degree were apeared in subway stations mostly. Plant forms consisted of artificial flower & flower. Plant species were recorded at a total of 54 species and appeared in the order of Araucaria heteropylla, Ophiophogon jaburan, Aspidistra elatior cv. 'Asahi' and Hedera helix. Plant height was, for the most part, below 0.5m. Plant species that was fined of conditions were Palm, Camellia japonica, Araucaria heterophylla as a high plant, dracaena fragrans, dracaena deremensis cv. Wakneckii as a middle plant, and Ophiopogon jaburan, Hedra helix, ytomium falcatum, Aspidistra elatior cv. Asahi as a low plant. It used to water materials such as small pool, small cascade, water cycles and natural materials such as natural rock, small rock, sand, bark and animal materials such as squirrels, birds, goldfish as an object for plants in the subway stations. From these actual conditions, First of all, It must make up physical environments such as light, temperature humidity, soil for plant growth, and is important to chooce suitable indoor plants and draw up systematic management in the subway environments. Also, it change plants frequently and uses variable objects for subway stationi individuatism, Moreover, indoor plants with strong environmental adaptation abities such as shade tolerance, drought tolerance and cold tolerance need to develope variable species possibly. If these improvements occur, utilization and amenity of subway stationis will increase, according to the use of interior landscape.

A Study for the Feature of the Times of the Interior Landscape Architecture according to the State of the Introduction of Plants-Focusing on the Living Space in 1980s-

방광자 한국전통조경학회 2004 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.영문 No.2

식물의 이용은 인류의 역사와 그 맥을 같이 하였으며 각 시대의 문화와 사회현상의 흐름에 따라 이용되어져 왔다. 오늘날의 실내조경은 식물의 종류가 다양화되고 식재기법과 자재의 개발 등으로 인하여 폭넓은 활용법이 제시되고 있으나 초창기의 실내조경은 단순하면서도 부분적인 식물을 활용하는 양상을 띠었다. 초기 실내조경에 대하여 그 시점을 명확히 규정하기는 어려우나 문헌을 통하여 서구에서는 2,000년 전 폼페이와 동양에서는 3,000년 전 중국에서부터 그 유래를 찾아볼 수 있으며 그 후 발전의 양상을 살펴보면 이집트의 상징적인 식물이용이나 그리스의 아도니스 축제를 중심으로 한 식물의 이용과 로마의 테라스와 안뜰의 장식 모두 시대적이고 사회문화적인 배경을 바탕으로 식물이 이용이 된 사례라 할 수 있겠다(신, 1994). 뿐만 아니라 중세의 약용식물과 식용식물정원의 종교적인 절제미와 경건성의 표현은 대표적인 시대상을 반영한 식물의 이용이며 르네상스의 풍성한 식물도입과 표현의 진취성 역시도 시대적 분위기의 표현이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 관점에서 식물 도입 현황을 통한 시대적 특성을 고찰하여 실내조경의 역사적인 흐름을 정리하고 이를 바탕으로 문화와 시대의 변화에 부합하는 실내조경의 방향성 제시를 위함이 본 연구의 의의이며 이를 위하여 1980년대의 주거공간 즉 아파트와 단독주택을 대상으로 식물 도입 현황을 조사한 결과1980년대 아파트와 단독주택에 수용되고 있는 식물들 가운데 독특하게 차이가 나는 식물들을 대별하여 보면 단독주택은 난과식물(Orchids), 아파트에서는 African violet 등이 각각 최고의 수치를 나타냈다. 이는 식물들이 적응할 수 있는 환경조건과의 관계를 시사하는 것으로, African violet은 재배온도가 통상 20 이상이 유지되는 아파트에 가장 알맞은 식물로 나타남으로 1980년대 주거환경적 특성을 발견할 수 있고 이 시기에는 아파트라는 주거공간의 활성화를 통하여 자연과의 접촉공간을 상실함으로서 본격적인 실내조경의 필요성이 일반인들에게 인식되는 시기이라는 특성이 조사 결과 밝혀졌다.

인공광의 광원에 따른 실내 지피식물의 생육반응

방광자,박혜경,최경옥 한국조경학회 2000 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.27 No.5

This study was carried out to obtain fundamental information of growth response of ground cover plants under artificial light quality at indoor. Aglaonema 'Silver Queen', Hedera helix L., Hoya carnosa 'Tricolor' and Saintpaulia ionantha 'Frances' were examined under a 400lux light intensity consisted of Mercury lamp, True-lite lamp, incandescent lamp, dark-room and sunlight indoor condition. A data analysis were performed by GLM, Duncan's multiple range test and mean score with SAS program. Results of experiments are as follows; 1. A plant growth status was better showed under the True-lite lamp than sunlight. 2. A Saintpaulia ionantha flower color was responded in the first place, the deep pinkish red color of Saintpaulia ionantha flower was obtained under Mercury lamp and "True-lite lamp", "sunlight", and incandescent lamp were follow. Flower numbers of Saintpaulia ionantha after 60 days tended to decrease under every artificial light quality. 3. Leaf length and leaf width were increased under True-lite lamp, but most of plants was not significantly affected by artificial light quality. 4. A stem length of Hedera helix was increased the highest rank under sunlight also, one of artificial light, the highest increase rank was showed under incandescent lamp. 5. Chlorophyll content was highly increased under Mercury lamp, but was responded poor under incandescent lamp.