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항공사의 안전분위기가 객실승무원의 조직몰입과 안전행동에 미치는 영향연구
박희정 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2019 호텔경영학연구 Vol.28 No.8
To achieve the purpose of this study, a survey was conducted for a month in May 2019 with domestic airline flight attendants and was verified by demonstration analysis. The practical implications of this study were that Hypothesis 1 (the safety climate will affect the organizational commitment) found that safety climate has a significant impact on the organization commitment. Therefore, airlines need to establish a hotline so that cabin crews can receive immediate assistance from the safety manager. Also, when preparing internal safety guidelines, cabin crews will be included and applied to safety. In addition, the results of Hypothesis 2 (the safety climate will affect the safety behavior) confirmed that the safety climate has a significant effect on safety behavior. Therefore, airlines will have to precede vocational training in the construction of safety education. It is also necessary to establish a safety education system that introduces a virtual reality (VR) system. Also Hypothesis 3 ( organizational commitment will affect safety behavior) offered that organizational commitment has a significant effect on safety behavior. Therefore, airlines have to build emotional relationships with cabin crews. In addition, airlines should offer cabin crews maximum one year limited contract and the full-time conversion system needs to be improved. Finally, the Hypothesis 4 (organizational commitment will mediate in the relationship between the safety climate and safety behaviour) demonstrated that the organizational commitment has a partial mediating effect. Therefore, airlines should conduct close aircraft safety checks and actively implement safety-focused management to introduce new aircrafts. It will also be necessary to check the suitability of the safety work for the flight personnel before flight and to strengthen the safety management system for airlines. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 국내 항공사 승무원을 대상으로 2019년 5월 한 달 동안 설문조사를 시행하고 실증분석을 통해 확인한 연구 결과와 이에 대한 실무적 시사점으로는, 가설 1(객실승무원이 지각하는 기업의 안전분위기는 객실승무원의 조직몰입에 영향을 미칠 것이다 )을 확인한 결과, 안전분위기는 조직몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 항공사는 객실승무원이안전관리자의 즉각적 도움을 받을 수 있도록 핫라인을 구축해야 할 것이다. 또한 내부 안전지침서 작성 시 객실승무원을 포함시켜 안전정책에 적용해야 할 것이다. 그리고 가설 2(객실승무원이 지각하는기업의 안전분위기는 객실승무원의 안전행동에 영향을 미칠 것이다.)를 실증한 결과, 안전분위기는안전행동에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 항공사는 안전교육 구성에서 직업교육을 먼저 선행해야 할 것이다. 또한 VR(가상)시스템을 도입한 안전교육방식을 구축할 필요가 있다. 이어서 가설 3(객실승무원이 지각하는 조직몰입은 안전행동에 영향을 미칠 것이다.)을 확인한 결과, 조직몰입은 안전행동에 유의미한 영향을 주는 요인으로 나타났다. 따라서 항공사는 객실승무원과 감정적 관계를 구축하기 위해 노력해야 할 것이다. 또한 항공사 객실승무원의 계약방식을 최대 1년으로제한하고 정규직 전환 제도의 개선이 필요하다. 마지막으로 가설 4(객실승무원이 지각하는 항공사의안전분위기와 안전행동의 관계에서 조직몰입은 매개효과를 나타낼 것이다.)를 분석한 결과, 조직몰입의 부분매개효과를 실증하였다. 따라서 항공사는 엄격하게 항공기 안전점검을 실시하고 새로운 항공기를 도입하는 안전중심의 경영을 적극적인 실천해야 한다. 또한 비행 전 항공기운항 직원을 대상으로 안전업무에 대한 적합도를 확인하고, 항공사의 안전관리 제도를 강화해야 할 것이다.
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객실승무원의 안전지각과 안전행동 향상을 위한 연구: 항공사 안전 분위기를 중심으로
박희정 한국안전학회 2019 한국안전학회지 Vol.34 No.6
This study was conducted to check the cabin crew's safety perception in relation to the airline's safety climate and cabin crew’s safety action and to verify that the safety perception’s mediation effects. The results of the study confirmed that all three factors of the safety climate have a significant impact on safety perception, and among them, safety practice is the most significant. Accordingly, Airlines need to establish a community that enables real-time information exchange for air accidents so that the cabin crew can present real-time examples of safety-related accidents. In addition, it will be necessary to work with external safety agencies to form an active attitude for the establishment of safety procedures in order to prevent recurrence of safety problems while considering the causes of such incidents internally in the event of an airline safety accident. In addition, it was confirmed that safety training was the most significant factor to safety action, among which all three elements of the safety climate had a significant effect on safety action. Therefore, airlines need to expand practical training on aircraft to full-scale safety training to build an immediate resolution for cabin crews in the event of an air accident. In addition, safety training should be established to encourage collaboration among aviation safety-related personnel to participate in safety training together to address aviation safety from a diverse point of view. Safety perception was has a significant effect on safe action. Therefore, airlines should reinforce the airline's safety management system by checking the status of the cabin crew's safety perception extending the level of punishment to the scope of retirement or disqualification to establish a firm awareness of safety. Finally, the safety perception has demonstrated partial mediation effects in relation to the safety climate and safety action. Therefore, the airline needs to improve the duties of the cabin crew that interferes with cabin safety duties. In addition, airlines should utilize advertisements emphasizing that safety is first.
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