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      • KCI등재

        건강한 병사(와 ‘위안부’) 만들기 — 주한미군 성병 통제의 역사, 1950-1977년

        박정미 한국사회사학회 2019 사회와 역사 Vol.0 No.124

        This paper analyzes historical processes by which United States Forces Korea (USFK) controlled sexually transmitted diseases from the Korean War to the Camptown Clean-up Campaign. During the Korean War (1950-1953), the U.S. Military proposed that the Korean government establish ‘comfort stations’ for the exclusive use of UN troops. It also designed STD control program and cracked down on ‘comfort women’ collaborating with the Korean government. After the Korean War, ‘comfort women’ as a legal category remained, while ‘comfort stations’ gave way to clubs, bars, and dance halls. USFK, wary of directly controlling ‘comfort women’ beyond its jurisdiction, chose to supervise the Korean government, delegating to it the responsibility to round up, examine, and treat them. From the 1960s, however, with high STD incidence among American servicemen, USFK started to directly investigate a few camptowns and offered policy recommendations to the Korean government. In response, the Korean government constructed STD Detention Centers and implemented quarantine and treatment of infected ‘comfort women’ in earnest. USFK’s control over ‘comfort women’ intensified with the Camptown Clean-up Campaign (1971-1977). Based on nationwide field research on camptowns, USFK effectively pressured the Korean government to enforce more rigorous and effective policies. Throughout the process, USFK considered ‘comfort women’ who transmitted STDs as criminal offenders and its soldiers as victims. Consequently, the USFK imposed on Korean prostitutes a wide variety of duties, discipline, and punishment—with few such controls on its servicemen’s sexual behaviors. To summarize, Korean ‘comfort women’ became subject to the sovereignties of both Korea and the U.S., while American servicemen enjoyed sexual access to ‘comfort women’ as part of their entitlement. 이 논문은 한국전쟁기부터 기지촌정화운동에 이르기까지 주한미군 성병 통제정책의 확립 과정을 분석한다. 한국전쟁기 미군은 한국 정부에 ‘위안소’ 설치를 요청했고, 성병 검진 프로그램을 입안했으며, ‘위안부’ 단속에 협력했다. 전후 ‘위안소’ 는 클럽과 바, 댄스홀로 변모했지만, ‘위안부’는 한국 정부의 법적 용어로서 유지되었다. 미군은 자국의 사법권 외부에 놓인 ‘위안부’를 직접 통제하는 대신, ‘위안부’의단속, 검진, 치료를 한국 정부에 위임하고 한국 정부를 감시하는 방안을 선택했다. 그럼에도 성병이 여전히 문제가 되자, 미군은 1960년대 초부터 직접 기지촌의 실태를 파악하고 한국 정부에 요구 사항을 전달하기 시작했다. 한국 정부는 그에 대한응답으로 성병관리소를 설치하고 본격적으로 감염 ‘위안부’의 격리 수용 치료를 실시했다. ‘위안부’에 대한 미군의 통제는 1970년대 한국 정부와 함께 실시한 기지촌정화운동과 더불어 더욱 강화되었다. 미군은 전국 기지촌에 대한 현지 조사를 바탕으로 한국 정부가 더욱 강력하고 효과적인 정책을 시행하도록 압박했고, ‘위안부’의육체뿐만 아니라 정신과 행동까지 통제하고자 했다. 이 과정에서 주한미군은 한국여성을 성병 전파의 가해자로, 자국 병사를 성병 감염의 피해자로 간주했다. 그결과, 미군은 ‘위안부’에게 수많은 의무와 규율, 처벌을 부과했으나, 자국 병사들의성행동은 거의 통제하지 않았다. 결국 ‘위안부’는 한국뿐만 아니라 미국의 주권에도종속된 반면, 미군은 ‘위안부’에 대한 성적 접근을 일종의 권리로서 향유할 수 있었다.

      • KCI등재

        COVID-19 상황에서 보건계열 대학생의 학습된 무기력이 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향

        박정미,한송이 한국보건정보통계학회 2023 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.48 No.1

        Objectives: This study aimed to identify the learned helplessness felt during COVID-19 as a basis for understanding the correlation with actual college life adjustment. Furthermore, the study aimed to develop strategies to enhance student adaptation to college life. Methods: A total of 284 college stu- dents in the nursing and emergency medical departments were given a questionnaire on learned helplessness and college life adjustment. The data were analyzed through the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The college life adjustment score were significantly higher in the nursing department, the senior, high grades, and high major satisfaction. The learned helplessness and college life adjustment of health college students were negatively correlated. The effects of learned helplessness on the participant’s college life adjustment were lacking in confidence, lack of control, passivity, and lack of responsibility. The explanatory power of the model was 60.3%. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and apply various programs for health college students to reduce learned helplessness and increase college life adjustment. .

      • KCI등재

        성인 도박자의 자기낙인이 전문적 도움추구태도에 미치는 영향: 가족건강성의 조절효과

        박정미,최웅용 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.12

        Objectives This study is to verify the moderating effect of family strength in the effect of self-stigma of adult gamblers on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help Methods The collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical program, and Process Macro for SPSS V4.2 Model 1 was used to verify the moderating effect. Results Family strength was found to have a moderating effect in the relationship between self-stigma and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, followed by family elasticity, mutual respect and acceptance, qualitative ties, family culture and social participation. Economic stability and cooperation did not show a moderating effect. Conclusions This study confirmed that the effect of self-stigma on professional help-seeking attitudes varies depending on the level of family health. This study confirmed that the effect of self-stigma on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help varies depending on the level of family strength, and that family strength is a factor that buffers self-stigma, a negative factor of attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. Based on these results, a practical method for preventing gambling problems and preparing a plan that can lead to a attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help in the event of a gambling problem was proposed.

      • KCI등재

        플래너리 오코너의 작품 속에 나타난 깨달음의 설화 구조

        박정미 한국문학과종교학회 2001 문학과종교 Vol.6 No.2

        Flannery O'Connor concentrates on dealing with religious themes in her fiction. The one predominant concern in her fiction is characters' experience of conversion or enlightenment which is brought about by means of shocking events, self-emptying, and radical changes of perception. The catalytic event involves some form of violence, sometimes with the characters experiencing enlightenment just before meeting death. However, stories like $quot;The Artificial Nigger$quot;, $quot;Good Country People$quot; and $quot;Revelation$quot; deal with the survivors of shocking events, who face their future with a changed consciousness $quot;The Artificial Nigger$quot; is a story of Mr. Head, who ends up denying his beloved grandson on his journey to the city. As a result of this shocking experience. Mr. Head realizes his own sinfulness as well as God's infinite mercy. However, even at the moment of his conversion, he is still unaware of his own sins of racism, revealing the further need of change and enlightenment. In $quot;Good Country People$quot;, Joy/Hulga, an intellectual atheist, and a single woman with an artificial leg, seduces a Bible salesman only to be ridiculed and betrayed by him while being robbed of her artificial leg. This shocking event constitutes a catalyst for her eye-opening realization as to her ignorance of self and others and possibly of the ways of God. $quot;Revelation$quot; deals with a visionary experience of a middle-class Christian woman who habitually despises poor vahites and blacks. On being attacked by a mad girl because of her self-complacency, she struggles with God, demanding an explanation for her undeserved suffering. Finally, she is granted a vision which reveals the equality of all humanity on their way to heaven. These stories of enlightenment share some characteristics. First, the words uttered by a character often work as a prophecy directed to the speaker himself. Second, unexpected events, violent and shocking at times. bring about for the protagonists a radical change of vision and of self-perception. Third, characters in crisis may experience grace regardless of their un/worthiness. O'Connor's particular narratives of personal enlightenment represent the universal human experience of change. They also incorporate a distinctly Christian view in supposing the efficacy of grace in this process of transformation.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재후보

        매체 생태학적 접근을 통한 한국문화교육 방안 연구

        박정미 한국어문화교육학회 2014 한국어문화교육 Vol.8 No.2

        【벼리】세계화·정보화로 인해 나날이 다양해지는 사회문화적 소통 환 경은, 우리에게 한국문화교육의 역할에 대한 재고와 함께 실천적인 교 육 방안 모색이라는 도전을 안겨 준다. 무엇보다 학습자들이 매일 마 주하는 실세계 맥락이라는 관점에서 볼 때, 원활한 문화 간 대화는 사 회문화적 차원뿐만 아니라 개인적 차원에서 무엇보다 중요한 사안이 되었다. 즉 다문화적 환경에서 더욱 강조되는 것이 ‘소통 능력’이라는 것이다. 특히 다양한 문화적 맥락에서의 무분별한 수용 혹은 배척이 아니라, 복잡한 상황에 적절하게 대처할 수 있는 태도와 행동을 스스로 선택 Now the multicultural generation that diverse races and diverse cultures coexist together has arrived. The diversified social and cultural environments made various and complicated what we understand and what we learn in the society that we are living. In addition the high technology progress caused various media environment, which involves there are the various types of information that we need to know. As a result, it is increasingly needed to improve more critical communicative competence in the context of the complex communication with a right and proper attitude. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest the practical teaching method of Korean Culture Education for critical intercultural communication from the viewpoint of ecological approach, which is regarded the classroom, so-called a small multicultural space, as an ecological environment that includes mutual interaction of all teaching and learning systems. Especially it is focused on Media Ecological approach that seems media as an environment providing the various action and effect in educational environment.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        부모의 사회경제적 지위(SES)와 유아 이용기관 선택

        박정미,이유신,오성은,허수연,김한성 한국사회복지행정학회 2023 한국사회복지행정학 Vol.25 No.3

        The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of parents’ socioeconomic status on the selection of early childhood education institutions. A final analysis was conducted using a sample of 1,661 households with children aged 3 to 5 years from the 2018 National Childcare Status Survey. Independent variables included indicators of parents’ socioeconomic status: education levels, employment status, and household income. Household factors encompassed parents’ age, children’s age, the total number of children in the household, and grandparents’ co-residence. Institutional factors included variables such as the average commuting time to the institution and the children’s attendance hours. A binary logistic regression analysis was initially conducted for a binary dependent variable that indicated the type of institution that children attended: daycare centers and kindergartens. The types of daycare centers and kindergartens were further grouped into four categories: public daycare centers (including corporate-sponsored and company-sponsored types), private daycare centers (including home-based types), public kindergartens, and private kindergartens. Multinomial logistic regression was employed for this four-category dependent variable. The results confirmed that factors within parental socioeconomic status, particularly mothers’ education levels, employment status, and household income, were significantly associated with the selection of early childhood education institutions for children. Drawing on these findings, the study proposes policy implications for the integration of early childhood education and childcare. 본 연구는 부모의 사회경제적 지위가 유아 이용기관 선택에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것에 목적이 있다. 2018년 전국 보육실태조사의 만 3~5세 유아 자녀가 있는 1,661가구의 표본을 최종 분석에 활용하였다. 독립변수로는 부모의 사회경제적 지위를 구성하는 지표로 부와 모의 교육 수준과 취업 여부, 가구소득을 설정하였고, 가구 요인으로 부모의 연령, 자녀의 연령, 가구 내 총 자녀 수, 조부모 동거 여부를, 기관 요인으로는 등․하원 평균 소요시간과 아동의 기관 이용시간 변수를 설정하였다. 종속변수로는 유아 자녀가 현재 다니는 기관을 어린이집과 유치원으로 구분하여 일차적으로 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였고, 그 후 어린이집과 유치원의 유형을 국공립․법인․직장어린이집과 민간․가정어린이집, 국공립유치원과 사립유치원의 네 가지 범주로 나누어 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 부모의 사회경제적 지위 요인 중 모의 교육 수준과 모의 취업 여부 및 가구소득이 유아 자녀의 이용기관 선택에 유의미한 요인임을 확인하였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 바탕으로 유보통합 정책에 대한 함의를 제시하였다.

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