G. Hauptmann의 희곡 "Vor sonnenaufgang"연구-Helene의 탈출의지와 좌절을 중심으로

박병화 한국독어교육학회 1986 독어독문학 Vol.- No.33

서비스품질, 관계품질, 재이용 및 추천의도의 구조적 관계 ― 의료서비스 이용 고객을 대상으로 ―

박병화,주기중 대한경영정보학회 2016 경영과 정보연구 Vol.35 No.5

의료시장의 경쟁심화와 외국계 영리병원의 설립을 시작으로 한 의료서비스의 개방, 고령화 사회 및 생활수준의 향상 등으로 의료서비스에 대한 수요가 증가함과 동시에 의료서비스를 이용하는 소비자의 기대수준이 높아지는 등 최근 의료업을 둘러싼 환경의 변화는 의료업의 본질적인 서비스인 진료 수준의 향상뿐만 아니라 부가적인 서비스의 향상을 통한 경쟁우위의 확보를 필요로 하고 있다. 본 연구의 분석결과는 환경품질, 과정품질, 결과품질이라는 서비스품질이 고객만족과 고객몰입이라는 관계품질에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며 의료서비스 성과의 중요 요소가 될 수 있는 재이용의도 및 추천의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과에서 3가지 요인의 서비스품질이 관계품질을 통해 재방문의도와 추천의도에 미치는 영향이 통계적으로 유의하고, 높은 설명력을 보여주고 있다. 본 연구결과를 통해 의료서비스내의 다양한 분야에서 서비스품질향상의 필요성을 이해하고 이를 통한 실무적 시사점을 제공한 점에서 그 의의를 가진다. Due to the rapid growth in the number of healthcare providers and medical market open started from the establishment of foreign for-profit hospitals healthcare organizations in Korea face intense competition. In order to keep up with the needs of an aging Korean population and improvement of living standards, the healthcare industry needs to achieve competitive advantage by improving healthcare quality. The results show that three dimensions of service quality such as physical environment quality, process quality, and outcome quality have a positive impact on relationship quality of customer satisfaction and customer commitment, resulting in a positive effect on re-use intention and recommendation intention, which are important factors for business performance of healthcare organizations. Practical implications of this study can help healthcare organizations understand the importance of quality improvement in all three dimensions of service quality.

社會批評家로서의 Mark Twain

朴炳和 東亞大學校 1985 東亞論叢 Vol.22 No.1

A Connecticut Yankee is the work on which opinions differ among the critics. But though it has a weakness to the construction of a novel, everyone is obliged to place high value on daring social criticism included in it. As DeVoto refers to it, it can't find consistency as a literary work, mixed with satire, humor, tall tale, democracy, religion, progress, and damned humor race, but we can't be innocent of the greatness of thought in it and it must be Twain's finest possibility as it is recognized by everyone. Though it is true for this work to criticize the society of those days with Arthur's England as its setting, these problems are such as America was confronted with late in the 19th century, and so we can say that Twain's thought shows actuality more and more. It shows Twains pessimism that the conclusion of this work ends in tragedy, but at any rate we all are compelled to sympathize with Twain's spirit which places high value on man's nobility and possibility.

3,000 Years Among the Microbes에 나타난 Black Humor

박병화 동아대학교 인문과학대학 영어영문학과 1996 동아영어영문학 Vol.12 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate that 3.000 Years Among the Microbes expresses black humor attributed to black humor of the 1960s and 1970s. The feature of black humor that it is simultaneously comic and sad. The outstanding features of black humor may be defined as following: first, it is simultaneously comic and sad, second, the difficulty of discernment of the difference between dream and reality and tone, setting, irony of fate and antiheroes; third, the looseness and cycle and juxtaposing tragic scenes with humorous ones; fourth, no right or wrong, the pluralistic universe, no one correct answer to any question, and the impossiblility of correction of man's vices, flaws, errors, and the defects in the societies, institutions, or systems. Even though the twentieth century black humorists have not developed detailed analyses of black humor features in Twain's works. Some critics have noticed connection between Twain's fiction and black humor. In American's Humor Walter Blair and Hamlin Hill say that Twain is a fabulator whose work foreshadows black humor, but they do not discuss this in detail or apply this idea to his fiction. In "Black Humor: Its Cause and Cure", Hamlin Hill notes that Twain uses some techniques of black humor, then he moves immediately into a general discussion about black humor, failing to mention Twain again. In Microbes, Twain suggests that there are multiple universes and multiple realities. Huck can see from two viewpoint; he has been a man and a microbe. So when someone says something that others would label a delusion, Huck is more tolerant. Huck seems to speak for Twain and other black humorests when he asserts that reality is relative, that what one thinks of as real, another may regard as an illusion. He has learned this after the microbes scoff at his truths about life on Earth and call them lies and delusions, so when Catherine of Aragon professes that there is no such thing as substance, that it is a "fiction of Mortal Mind, an illusion", Huck does not condemn her. Instesd, he considers, "The list of things we absolutely know, is not long one . . . It isn't safe to sit in judgment upon another person's illusion when you are not on the inside. While you are thinking it is a dream, he may knowing it is a plant".

Erwinia sp.에 의한 Gallic Acid로부터 Pyrogallol의 생산

박병화,황인균,방원기 한국산업미생물학회 1994 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.22 No.6

Gallic acid로부터 pyrogallol을 생산하기 위하여 토양으로부터 gallic acid를 유일한 탄소원 및 에너지원으로 이용할 수 있는 균주 100여종을 분리하였으며, 분리 균주들로부터 gallate decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.59)의 비활성이 가장 높은 균주 JH-004를 선별하여, Erwinia sp.로 동정하였다. Gallic acid로부터 pyrogallol을 생산하기 위한 최적조건을 조사하기 위하여 0.2%(w/v)의 gallic acid가 포함된 완전배지에서 배양하여 수확한 후 1회 얼렸다 녹인 JH-004의 휴지균체를 효소원으로서 사용하였다. Pyrogallol 생산의 최적 반응액 조건은 25 mM potassium phosphate buffer에서 휴지균체 6g/ℓ와 gallic acid 15 g/ℓ일 때였다. 최적 반응 pH는 5.0이었으며, 최적 반응온도는 35℃ 였다. 또한 계면활성제로서 Triton X-100 0.01%(w/v)를 사용하였을 때 pyrogallol 생산에 가장 효과적이었다. 최적조건하에서 반응시 35시간 후에 15 g/ℓ의 gallic acid로부터 10.27 g/ℓ의 pyrogallol이 생산되었으며, 이때의 전환율은 92.37%였다. For the production of pyrogallol from gallic acid, about 100 strains of bacteria capable of assimilating gallic acid as a sole carbon and energy source were isolated form the soil. JH-004 strain showing the highest activity of gallate decarboxylase was selected from them and identified as Erwinia sp. The optimal conditions for the production of pyrogallol from gallic acid were examined. The resting cells of JH-004 cultured in a complex medium containing 0.2%(w/v) gallic acid were prepared after the treatment of the pellet with a freezing and thawing, and used as a enzyme source. The reaction mixtures for the maximal production of pyrogallol were shown to be 6 g/ℓ of resting cells and 15 g/ℓ of gallic acid in 25 mM potassium phosphate buffer. The optimal pH for the reaction was 5.0 and the optimal temperature was 35℃. Additionally, Triton X-100(0.01%, w/v) was found to be most effective for the production of pyrogallol. Under the above conditions, 10.27 g/ℓ of pyrogallol was produced from 15 g/ℓ of gallic acid after incubation of 35 hrs. This amount of pyrogallol corresponds to a 92.37% yields, based on gallic acid.

내시경적 유두절제술후 진단된 유두부 선근종 1례

박병화,최준혁 대한내과학회 2020 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2020 No.1

CNN 이미지 처리를 통한 교통사고 원인 분석

박병화,김형태,윤용태 한국정보통신설비학회 2020 한국정보통신설비학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.09

Streets are one of the major interface of human activities in urban areas. Urban environment and urban dwellers interact each others in the urban streets. Analysing the urban environment is important for us to understand the potential impact of the urban built environment on urban dwellers. The publicly accessible Google Street View (GSV), which captures the streetscape appearances of cities around the world, presents a very good tool for urban studies at a fine level. In this study, we will use KoRoad’s ‘Frequent traffic accident location information’ for detailed spot location data and GSV for corresponding source of street-level image data for environmental component analysis.Convolutional neural network, also known as convnets or CNN, is a well-known method in computer vision applications to recognize objects from a picture or video. The purpose of the convolution is to extract the features of the object on the images locally so that the network can learn specific patterns within the picture and will be able to recognize it everywhere in the picture. In this paper, we describe our plan of using CNN classification method for analyzing the cause of traffic accidents with the data from GSV and KoRoad GPS information.

Henry James의 小說硏究 : The Wings of the Dove, The Ambassadors, The Golden Bowl을 중심으로 With specail reference to The Wings of the Dove, The Ambassadors, The Golden Bowl

朴炳和 동아대학교 문과대학 영어영문학과 1985 동아영어영문학 Vol.1 No.-

「The Turn of the Screw」에 관한 硏究 : Governess 를 中心으로

朴炳和 東亞大學校 敎育大學院 1982 敎育大學院 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The gift of projecting himself against a screen of perceptions made it possible for James to develop fiction into a complex and exacting art. The modern novel owes many of its basic principles of composition to his theory and practice. Poe and Hawthorne had understood the dilemma of the arist as a forced choice between the world of the imagination and the world of fact and had chosen the former, Henry James made art a fact. The Turn of the Screw might be thought of as a series of variations on the theme of evil, mostly as it appears in children and as it tkes the form which had so obsessed Howthorne-the violation of one hyman heart by the possessive will of another. The nameless evil of The Turn of the Screw, about which there has been so much controversy, is therefore not too difficult to comprehend. It is nameless because, like evil in the tales of Poe and Hawthorne, it is malign only in its consequences. James's tale may be regarded as pure melodrama-a mystery or ghost story written for the sake of terror alone-but it is surely more than that. The hold which the dead Peter Quint and Miss Jessel have on the two living children is daemonic;whether it is interpreted as the result of a curse or of psychotic perversion will depend on the reader's habit of mind. And the question of whether the new governess who tells the story is agent or victim of the curse will depend on the reader's own whimsy. James is deliberately as ambiguous as the evil of which he writes. His aesthetic detachment has developed to the point at which he can present the most horrible of moral situations without authorial comment.

Durrenmatt 의 " Der Besuch der alten Dame " 에 나타난 ' Das Groteske ' 의 기능

박병화 한국독어독문학회 1987 獨逸文學 Vol.39 No.1

Fur Durrenmatt ist die Welt $quot;ein Ungeheures, $quot; ein $quot;Ratsel an Unheil$quot; and der Mensch ist unfahig uberhaupt, mit Hilfe seiner eigenen, etwa seiner Vernunftkrafte, die Welt zu $quot;gestalten$quot; and zu $quot;beherrachen$quot;; er kann nur versuchen, sie zu $quot;bestehen.$quot; Diese Welt ist fur Durrenmatt dramatisch nicht mehr in der Tragtidie, die $quot;eine gestaltete Welt$quot; voraussetzt, sondern nur noch in der KomSdie darstellbar. Ihre Hauptmerkmale sind $quot;Paradoxie and Groteske$quot;. In diesem Sinne scheint auch $quot;Der Besuch der alten Dame$quot;, $quot;Eine tragische KomSdie,$quot; die 1956 uraufgefuhrt wurde, ein Yersuch zu sein, in der KomSdie durch Paradoxie and Groteske eine ungeheure Welt darzustellen. Die alte Dame, Claire Zachanassian, in diesem Werk ist die Zentralfigur des Groteaken, die mit dem inhumanen and $quot;aul3.erhalb der menschlichen Ordnung$quot; vorhandenen Charakter in die alltaglichen Gullener-Welt hineinbricht and durch die pervertierte Gerechtigkeit Ill, die Hauptfigur, ermordet. Vor dieser Gewalt des $quot;BSsen$quot; steht Ill machtlos and geht zugrunde ohne Rettungsgnade, wobei das Tragische erscheint. Jedoch verzichtet der Autor hier nicht auf die komi. sche Darstellung. Das wird deutlich vor allem in den Szenen der Marionetten um Zachanassian, in der Technik des Zufalls and des MiBverstandnisses and in der parodistischen Namengebung. Denn Durrenmatt glaubt, daB er das Tragische dieser Welt, in der es keine Schuldigen mehr, keine im wahren Sinne Verantwortlichen gibt, aus der Kombdie heraus erzielen, hervorbringen kann. Aus dem $quot;Plbtzlichen, $quot; $quot;Unerwarteten$quot; and grimmigen Komischen, das sich bis zum Tod Ills durch das pervertierte Gericht entwickelt, eracheint die Paradoxie. Sie fuhrt das Publikum zur Distanz and Nicht-Identifikation, was den Verfremdungseffekt wie bei Brecht schafft. Im Verhaltnis zur Tradition, in der Kritik am uberkommenen Begriff der Tragbdie, im Versuch, den Zuschauer an der distanzlosen Identifikation zu hindern-and damit hangen $quot;die Thechniken der Verfremdung and Episierung$quot; zusammen-gibt es die Ziige, die DGrrenmatt and Brecht miteinander verbinden. Aber Durrenmatt, der eine paradoxe, ungerechte Welt darstellt, wirft die Frage nach ihrer Veranderbarkeit auf, wahrend Brecht um die Frage kreist, durch welche Techniken der Zuschauer am besten zur Kritik zu erziehen sei. Bei Brecht wird dem Leser $quot;eine uberlegene Perspektive$quot;, eine Einsicht in die dargestellte Welt, $quot;ein erwunschter Ausgang$quot; als m8glich angeboten. Anders Durrenmatt. Er beharrt darauf, $quot;Das Theater ist nur insofern eine moralische Anatalt, als es vom Zuschauer zu einer gemacht wird.$quot; Er zwingt den Zuschauer zu Nichts, nennt keine Lbsungen, wahrend er in der Darstellung von Paradoxien and Grotesken verharrt. Darin liegt einer der fundamentalen Unterschiede, die Durrenmatt von Brecht trennen. Dieses Verhalten Durrenmatts scheint mit seinem Standpunkt, daB die menschliche $quot;Ursprungssituation$quot; paradox sei, in Zusammenhang zu stehen. Ills Sterben ist nicht $quot;substentiell begrundet$quot;, sondern $quot;entspringt der grotesken Racherlaune$quot;. Die Gerechtigkeit ist selber kriminnell. Die Gemeindeversammlung am Ende des Stnckes, eine $quot;furchtbarlacherliche Demonstration$quot;, faBt das Groteske des Werkes zusammen. In der Mitte dieser grotesken Stromung ist Claire Zachanassian. Durch sie erscheint die Gestaltung des Grotesken als $quot;der Versuch, das Damonische in der Welt zu barmen and zu beschwtiren$quot; wie Kayaer sagt and da ist Durrenmatts Verauch abzusehen, der das Tragiache $quot;als einen schrecklichen Moment, als einen sich Sffnenden Abgrund$quot; aus der Kombdie heraus erzielt. Darin liegt das Groteske als die wichtigste Funktion der Gestaltung, die das Werk als $quot;Eine tragische KomSdie$quot; charakterisiert.