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쟁의행위와 위력에 의한 업무방해죄 헌법 재판소 전원재판부 1998.7.16. 97헌바 23을 대상으로
문기욱 아주대학교 법학연구소 2009 중소기업과 법 Vol.1 No.1
문화방속 노동조합의 간부였던 최○○외 16인은 방송문화 진흥회이 사회에서 강○○ 대표이사 연임을 결정하자, 이에 반대하여 노동조합 비상대 책위에서 대 표이사의 연임지지를 결정하였다 , 그 후 1996년. 3월 14일부터 무 기한 파업 에 돌입하기로 결의 하고 세부적 파업지침과 행동지침을 발표하였 다. 이들은 조합원들로 하여금 1996년 4원5일까지 모두 19차례에 걸쳐 방송제 작 등의 업 무를 거부하게 하고 집회 등을 개최함으로써 다중의 위력으로 방송 제작 업무 를 방해해였음을 이유로 1996년 6월 29일 업무방해혐의로 기소되었 다. 사안에서 문제되는 것으로 형법 제 314조가 ① 강제노역 금지 원칙 에 위배 되는지, ② 헌법상의 근로 3권을 침해하는지, ③ 죄형법정주의와 명 확성의 원 칙에 위배되는지, ④ 1인의 행위로 처벌받지 않을 행위가 집단적으 로 이루어지 는 경우 처벌받음으로써 평등권을 침해하는지, ⑤ 5년 이하의 법정 형을 규정하 는 것이 지나치게 과도한 제재방법으로 비례원칙에 위반되는 것인 지 등을 꼽 을 수 있다. 그런데 이 문제들이 제기되는 핵심적인 이유는 폭행·협 박 등의 행 위를 수반하지 않는 단순한 집단적 노무제공의 거부행위를 위력에 해당한다고 보아 형사 처벌 할 수 있다고 대법원이 판단하는 데에 있다고 본다. 즉 기존의 대법원 판례가 쟁의행위에 관한 형사사건에 대해 보다 신중한 입장 이었더라면 문제되지 않았을 위헌시비가 촉발됨으로써 사안의 헌법소원이 이루 어지게 된 것이다. 업무방해죄는 쟁의행위에만 적용되는 것이 아니다. 따라서 문제가 되는 것은 그 조항 자체가 아니라 그 조항을 쟁의 행위에 무분별하게 적용하는 대법원판 례의 경향이다. 이런 입장에서 사안의 헌재결정은 준법투쟁에 있어 그 합법화 의 길을 열어주었다는 점에서 대단히 반길만한 것이라 생각된다. 대 법원은 쟁 의행위의 정당성을 판단함에 있어 보다 구체적인 검토를 할 필요가 있다.
PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient)발열체를 이용한 온열 뜸의 개발
문기욱(Ki-wook Moon),이충회(Chung-hoe Lee),이보환(Bo-whan Lee),허현(Hyun Heo) 대한전기학회 2010 정보 및 제어 심포지엄 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
본 연구의 목적은 PTC 발열체를 이용한 온열 뜸을 개발 하는 것이다. PTC 발열체는 고유저항이 증가함에 따라 온도가 상승하며, 회로에 과전류가 유입되면 정상적인 작동을 하던 회로의 저항이 급격히 증가하면서 회로에 흐르는 전류를 제한하여 기기를 보호하는 기능을 수행한다. 또한 인체에 무해하다. 이 발열체를 쉽게 부착하기 위하여 실리콘 부항을 사용하였다. 12V 전원을 인가하였을 경우, 측정된 최대 온도는 86℃. 평균온도는 47±l2℃였다. 장시간 지속하였을 경우에도 최대 설정 온도 이상으로 발열하지 않기 때문에 안전하다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안하는 시스템은 뜸의 효과를 구현할 수 있다.
FES보행중의 피드백제어를 위한 관절 각도계측 시스템 개발
文基旭(Ki-Wook MOON),金哲承(Chul-Seung KIM),金智源(김지원),李載浩(Jea-Ho Lee),權柳利(Yu-Ri Kwon),姜同院(Dong-Won Kang),姜坤(Gon Khang),金耀翰(Yo-Han Kim),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon EOM) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 Vol.58 No.1
The purpose of this study is to develop a minimally constraint joint angle measurement system for the feedback control of FES (functional electrical stimulation) locomotion. Feedback control is desirable for the efficient FES locomotion, however, the simple on-off control schemes are mainly used in clinic because the currently available angle measurement systems are heavily constraint or cosmetically poor. We designed a new angle measurement system consisting of a magnet and magnetic sensors located below and above the ankle joint, respectively, in the rear side of ipsilateral leg. Two magnetic sensors are arranged so that the sensing axes are perpendicular each other. Multiple positions of sensors attachment on the shank part of the ankle joint model and also human ankle joint were selected and the accuracy of the measured angle at each position was investigated. The reference ankle joint angle was measured by potentiometer and motion capture system. The ankle joint angle was determined from the fitting curve of the reference angle and magnetic flux density relationship. The errors of the measured angle were calculated at each sensor position for the ankle range of motion (ROM) -20~15 degrees (dorsiflexion as positive) which covers the ankle ROM of both stroke patients and normal subjects during locomotion. The error was the smallest with the sensor at the position! which was the nearest position to the ankle joint In case of human experiment, the RMS (root mean square) errors were 0.51±1.78(0.31~0.64) degrees and the maximum errors were 1.19±0.46(0.68~1.58) degrees. The proposed system is less constraint and cosmetically better than the existing angle measurement system because the wires are not needed.
김철승,문기욱,권정훈,엄광문,Kim, Chul-Seung,Moon, Ki-Wook,Kwon, Jung-Hoon,Eom, Gwang-Moon 대한의용생체공학회 2006 의공학회지 Vol.27 No.6
The purpose of this work is to predict the systolic blood pressure (BP) during exercise from pulse transit time (PTT) for warning of possible danger. PTT was calculated as the time between R-peak of ECG and the peak of differential photoplethysmograph (PPG). For the PTT-BP model, we used regress equations from previous studies and 3 kinds of new models combining linear and nonlinear regress equation. The model parameters were estimated with the data measured under low to middle intensity exercise, and then was tested with the data measured under high intensity exercise. Predicted BP values after high intensity exercise were compared with those measured by cuff-type sphygmomanometer. The results showed that the error between measured and predicted values were acceptable for the monitoring BP. We tested PTT-BP models 1 month after the identification without further calibration. Models could predict the BP and the errors between measured and predicted BP were about 5mmHg. The suggested system is expected to be helpful in recognizing any danger during exercise.
안정 상태에서의 정량 뇌파를 이용한 기계학습 기반의 경도인지장애 환자의 감별 진단 모델 개발 및 검증
임승의,김진욱,문기욱,하상원,이기원 대한의용생체공학회 2022 의공학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Early detection of mild cognitive impairment can help prevent the progression of dementia. The purpose of this study was to design and validate a machine learning model that automatically differential diagnosed patients with mild cognitive impairment and identified cognitive decline characteristics compared to a control group with nor- mal cognition using resting-state quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) with eyes closed. In the first step, a rec- tified signal was obtained through a preprocessing process that receives a quantitative EEG signal as an input and removes noise through a filter and independent component analysis (ICA). Frequency analysis and non-linear features were extracted from the rectified signal, and the 3067 extracted features were used as input of a linear support vector machine (SVM), a representative algorithm among machine learning algorithms, and classified into mild cognitive impairment patients and normal cognitive adults. As a result of classification analysis of 58 normal cognitive group and 80 patients in mild cognitive impairment, the accuracy of SVM was 86.2%. In patients with mild cognitive impair- ment, alpha band power was decreased in the frontal lobe, and high beta band power was increased in the frontal lobe compared to the normal cognitive group. Also, the gamma band power of the occipital-parietal lobe was decreased in mild cognitive impairment. These results represented that quantitative EEG can be used as a mean- ingful biomarker to discriminate cognitive decline.
이동진,장하영,문기욱,이은주,유아람,최우성,성창규,김대유 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.5
The eff ective delivery of light energy from the light source to the subject is essential for an increase of therapeutic usefulness in the photobiomodulation therapy. Here, we demonstrate the application-specifi c near-infrared (NIR) LED therapy system applicable to the mouse for brain repair. The proposed NIR LED therapy system especially employ the curved-shape NIR LED module and the LED dimmer for optimal transfer of the light energy to the mouse brain. The therapeutic effects are evaluated in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by the positron emission tomographic scans. In the near future, we would like to quantitatively validate the therapeutic eff ect of our proposed NIR LED therapy system on mice with brain injury and apply it to a human brain.
金哲承(Chul-Seung Kim),文基旭(Ki-Wook Moon),嚴光文(Gwang-Moon Eom),李受映(Soo-Young Lee) 대한전기학회 2007 전기학회논문지 Vol.56 No.4
The purpose of this work is to develop a measurement system of the pendulum test with minimal restriction of experimental environment and little influence of noise. In this work, we developed a vision system without any line between markers and a camera. The system performance is little influenced by the experimental environment, if light are sufficient to recognize markers. For the validation of the system, we compared knee joint angle trajectories measured by the developed system and by the magnetic sensor system during the nominal pendulum test and the maximum speed voluntary knee joint rotation. The joint angle trajectories of the developed system during both tests matched well with those of the magnetic system. Therefore, we suggest the vision system as an alternative to the previous systems with limited practicality for the pendulum test.