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Microcystis ( Cyanobacteria ) 분리주에서의 Microcystin 생산에 관한 연구
박혜경,진익렬,류홍일,류재근,도삼유평 (稻森悠平) ( Hae Kyung Park,Ing Nyol Jin,Hong Il Rhu,Jae Keun Ryu,Yuhei Inamori ) 한국물환경학회 1996 한국물환경학회지 Vol.12 No.1
Microcystis strains were isolated from water-blooms that had been collected from Korean lakes and reservoirs and cultured under uni-algal, non-axenic condition. Late exponential phase cells were harvested, concentrated and lyophilized for toxin extraction. Isolation, purification and qualitative and quantitative characterization of toxins were carried out by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC) system. Among 16 tested Microcystis strains, 14 strains produced hepatotoxic heptapeptide microcystins. The amounts and types of toxins were different according to strains. The identified toxins were microcystin-RR, -LR and YR.
박광식,최필선,이상협,이철우,류지성,최성수,류홍일,최덕일,Park, Kwang-Sik,Choi, Pil-Son,Lee, Sang-Hyeop,Lee, Chul-Woo,Rhu, Ji-Sung,Choi, Sung-Su,Rhu, Hong-Il,Choi, Doug-Il 한국독성학회 1998 Toxicological Research Vol.14 No.3
Endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance that changes endocrine function and causes adverse effects at the level of the organism, its progeny, and/or (sub)populations of the organisms. Purported adverse effects are cancers, declines in reproductive health, developmental learning disabilities in humans, and declining populations, altered morphology, physiology or behavior in wildlife. In these days, expert groups on chemicals in IPCS, IFCS and OECD are intensively discussing the identification of endocrine disruptors and the proper management of those chemicals. In this study, we screened the endocrine disrupting effects of lead using fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes. In brief, the eggs were exposed to lead with different concentrations at Ringer's solution, and the mortality, the incidence of deformation, the body movement and the hatching success were determined after incubation. The histological analysis of normal and deformed larvae was also carried out. Compared to control, the mortality and the heart rate of eggs and/or larvae increased, but the hatching success and the tail movement decreased. The morphological observation showed the asymmetrical deformation of larvae and the distortion of spinal cord. The absorption of the liquid in yolk sac was hindered. The adverse effects of lead in the ontogeny of fertilized eggs of Oryzias latipes seemed to be stronger in pH5.6 than in pH7.5 solution. In summary, lead showed adverse effects on the ontogeny of fish fertilized eggs plays critical role in regulating biological systems and controlling developmental processes as an endocrine disruptor.
17β-Estradiol이 수컷 송사리의 성적 행위 및 생식능력에 미치는 영향
류지성(Jusugn Ryu),이철우(Chulwoo Lee),박응로(Eung-Roh Park),남성숙(Seong-Sook Nam),남규찬(Kyu-Chan Nam),류홍일(Hong-Il Rhu),전성환(Seong-Hwan Jeon),나진균(Jin Gyun Na),최덕일(Doug Il Choi),박광식(Kwangsik Park) 한국독성학회 2001 Toxicological Research Vol.17 No.2
Sexual behavior and reproductivity of male fish were studied as an in vivo screening method of endocrine disruptors. Male medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to 17β-estradiol at nominal concentrations of 2 and 20 ㎍/l 14 days. After exposure of the chemical, sexual behavior between male medaka and normal female which were injected with prostaglandin F2α just before the test, was ana lysed by using video camera for one hour. Normal control male showed courtship dancing such as following, guarding, dancing and crossing while 17β-estradiol treated male did not show any type of courtship dancing. Furthermore, fecundity and fertility were significantly decreased in the treated group. It was suggested that analysis of sexual behavior could be a useful endpoint for the screening of the endocrine disruptors.
류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1
Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipes and Cyprinus carpio. 96h-LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 ㎎/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5㎎/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs(caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinus carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.
류지성,정규혁,최필선,이길철,최덕일,최성수,류홍일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1998 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1
Cadmium, a major aquatic pollutant in many parts of the world, is toxic and readily accumulated in aquatic organisms. It mainly exists in water as complexes with organic ligands such as dissolved organic carbon and this complexation is known to have effects on the aquatic toxicities. In this study, acute toxicity, histology, and bioaccumulation were studied to evaluate effects of humic acid on cadmium toxicity and bioavailability to fish using Oryzias latipcs and Cypriruts carpio. 96h~LC50 of cadmium was 6.38 mg/L using Oryzias latipes. However, the mortality showed the dose-dependent decrease when humic acid was added to the test solution. When fish were exposed to 5 mg/L of cadmium, histological changes in the exposed organs (caudal fins, gills, kidney, liver, and gut) of Cyprinifs carpio were decreased by humic acid, especially in kidney and liver. Bioaccumulation of cadmium also decreased by treatment of humic acid. It seems that the formation of complexes between cadmium and humic acid may decrease bioavailability of cadmium to fish, and thus reduce the toxic effects of cadmium.
자동영상추적장치를 이용한 카드뮴 처리 Oryzias latipes의 행위독성연구
류지성,이철우,최필선,최성수,류홍일,이길철,정규혁,박광식 한국환경독성학회 1999 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.14 No.4
Changes in certain fish behaviors are known to be very sensitive indicators of sublethal exposure to environmental contaminants. Therefore, behavioral toxicity tests, if properly designed, can be very useful to assess the influence of hazardous chemicals on fish. However, quantitative analysis of xenobiotic -mediated changes in locomotor behavior in fishes are rare, due mainly to the methodological difficulties. In general, fish movement has been known to be hypertrophic or hypotrophic according to the chemicals. As a study of fish behavioral toxicities, we quatified the swimming movement of Orydas latipes using computer-automated video tracking system. Oryzias latipes was exposed to cadmium of 128 mg/L for 1 hour in a limited aquaria, then the total swimming distance, the average swimming velocity, the histogram of turning angles, and the turning frequency were analyzed. Fish treated with cadmium showed decreased swimming activities, decreased velocity, and decreased turning frequency, which means hypotrophic activity. From these results, the computer-automated video tracking system of this study seems to be a good tool for the evaluation of the potential ecotoxicological studies.
남성숙,이철우,류지성,박응로,남규찬,류홍일,전성환,나진균,최덕일,박광식 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.2
To evaluate the arsenic effect of fish endocrine disruption, crucian carp (Carassius auratus) were treated with 0.5 mg/L and 3.0mg/L of As₂O₃ for 14 days and gonadal development was examined by histological analysis. In ovaries from female crucian carps exposed to 3.0mg/L, immature follicles and atretic follicles were appeared while various normal developmental stages of oocytes were shown in control group. Body weight and Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) of treated carp were also decreased compared to control group. However, no other significant histological changes in liver or kidney were shown in this exposure scheme, This means that reproductive organs are more sensitive than other organs and arsenic may exert endocrine disrupting effect through inhibiting the development of reproductive organ in fish.