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비흡연자의 Nicotine에 대한 노출량과 뇨중 Cotinine 농도의 상관성에 관한 연구
노진호,신동천,김종만,정용,Roh, Jin-Ho,Shin, Dong-Chun,Kim, Jong-Man,Chung, Yong 환경독성보건학회 1990 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.5 No.3
Smoking damages nonsmoker's health who have been exposed to passive smoking as well as smoker's own health. Passive smoking can cause serious health damage to particular groups, such as the old aged, children and pregnant women. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between nicotine concentrations in environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and urinary cotinine concentrations of nonsmokers exposed to ETS, and to provide basic information related to health risk assessment. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. When 180 cigarrette were smoked during S hours (high concentrations exposure) in 132 m$^3$chamber, mean concentrations of nicotine in ETS showed 263.52 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m$^3$${\pm}$51.93. When 45 cigarretts were smoked (low concentrations exposure), it was 69.43${\pm}$8.96 $\mu\textrm{g}$/m$^3$. 2. The urinary cotinine concentrations of each times (0, 2.5, 5, 17 and 24 hours) in nonsmokers ranged from 0.27∼12.52 ng/ml in high concentrations exposure and 0.22∼2.28 ng/ml in low concentrations exposure. Mean while the total urinary cotinine concentrations during 24 hours ranged from 11.62∼31.65 ng/ml in high concentrations exposure and 3.45∼5.64 ng/ml in low concentrations exposure. 3. The correlation equation and coefficient between cotinine concentrations in nonsmokers' urine (y) and nicotine concentrations in ETS (x) was y=0.421+0.0171x and 0:875 (p<0.01) respectively, 4. The quantity of nonsmokers' smoking exposure by passive smoking can be assumed as based on the estimation of nicotine concentrations in ETS by measuring cotinine concentrations of nonsmokers' urine.
구조 유연도를 고려한 메쉬 반사판 안테나의 케이블 네트워크 형상 설계
노진호,최혜윤,정화영,김효태,윤지현 항공우주시스템공학회 2022 항공우주시스템공학회지 Vol.16 No.4
본 논문에서는 기하학적 특성을 고려한 케이블 네트 형상설계 방법론을 제시하고, 트러스 링 그리고 케이블 네트의 구조 유연도를 고려한 반사판 안테나의 케이블 네트워크 형상 실효성을 검증한다. 기하학적 비선형성을 고려한 케이블 네트의 유한요소 모델을 개발한다. 경계조건의 하중에 따른 형상변형 해석을 통하여, 케이블 네트의 형상 설계변수 특성을 제시 한다. 프레임 요소를 이용하여 전개형 트러스 링 구조를 모델링하고 정적 하중 해석을 수행한다. 전개된 링 구조에 가해지는 장력에 의해 케이블 네트 반사판은 정확한 형상을 유지하게 된다. 가해지는 장력, 케이블 네트 그리고 트러스 링 구조의 유연도를 고려하여, 케이블 네트워크 형상설계에 반영하고 최종 형상을 제시한다.
노진호 교육철학회 2001 교육철학연구 Vol.25 No.-
In the information society, where knowledge and information are regarded as central concepts and means of a society, the importance of education as an activity of learning knowledge is increased. This article is to clarify what education have to do in the society? I analysed the concepts of data, information, and knowledge; and argued that education is not transmission of inert information but internalization of knowledge, and that to make students think is prior to organize information in education. In order to clarify how education has to cope with the flood of information, I inquired into the philosophy of Socrates and John Dewey, who tried to solve the problem caused by such a situation. I found that they advised for individual to think for himself, and that they had tried to educate people to think according to a good way of thinking. These also confirm that to make students think is prior to organize and transmit information in education. I suggested three conditions for development of civilization: (1) time to think, (2) liberty to think, and (3) material to think. The information society satisfies all of them. It means the society has potentiality to progress rapidly. And the potentiality could be realized by education. The three conditions are also good conditions for education which emphasize thinking. Therefore, teachers have to prepare activities which make students to think for himself, give them enough time to think, furnish appropriate information on time, and make them to search information through various media. Teachers also have to acquire a good way of thinking in order to help students to think correctly and effectively.