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노지연,최진희,엄현정 한국독성학회 2012 Toxicological Research Vol.28 No.1
In the present study, toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated in the nematode, Caenohabditis elegans focusing on the upstream signaling pathway responsible for regulating oxidative stress, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in AgNPs exposed C.elegans, suggesting oxidative stress as an important mechanism in the toxicity of AgNPs towards C. elegans. Expression of genes in MAPK signaling pathways increased by AgNPs exposure in less than 2-fold compared to the control in wildtype C.elegans, however, those were increased dramatically in sod-3 (gk235) mutant after 48 h exposure of AgNPs (i.e. 4-fold for jnk-1 and mpk-2; 6-fold for nsy-1, sek-1, and pmk-1, and 10-fold for jkk-1). These results on the expression of oxidative stress response genes suggest that sod-3 gene expression appears to be dependent on p38 MAPK activation. The high expressions of the pmk-1 gene 48 h exposure to AgNPs in the sod-3 (gk235) mutant can also be interpreted as compensatory mechanisms in the absence of important stress response genes. Overall results suggest that MAPK-based integrated stress signaling network seems to be involved in defense to AgNPs exposure in C.elegans.
Omeprazole 정제의 산저항성, 용출시험 및 함량균일성 평가
노지연,조하령,전정미,임동수,최승기 한국병원약사회 1996 병원약사회지 Vol.13 No.3
Drug effect is depended on bioavailability of preparation and bioavailability is largely depended on dissolution rate and content uniformity. This study was attempted to evaluate bioavailability of preparations for drug selection by conducting the dissolution test, acid resistance and content uniformity test on commercial omeprazole tablets. The dissolution test and acid resistance were comducted in artificial gastric juice and artificial intestinal juice using K.P 2 method with three omeprazole preparations(A, B and C) which were pharmaceutically equivalent. The result as following: 1) Acid resistance in artificial gastric juice was C>B>A, 2) The dissolution rate in artificial intestinal juice at 30 min in the three different brands were C>B>A, 3) Content uniformity of three different brands was in such order as B>A>C, 4) There was no relationship between acid resistance, dissolution rate and content uniformity.
노지연,신명준,정은숙,이광하 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2019 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.82 No.2
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether components of the ProVent model can predict the high medical costs in Korean patients requiring at least 21 days of mechanical ventilation (prolonged mechanical ventilation [PMV]). Methods: Retrospective data from 302 patients (61.6% male; median age, 63.0 years) who had received PMV in the past 5 years were analyzed. To determine the relationship between medical cost per patient and components of the ProVent model, we collected the following data on day 21 of mechanical ventilation (MV): age, blood platelet count, requirement for hemodialysis, and requirement for vasopressors. Results: The mortality rate in the intensive care unit (ICU) was 31.5%. The average medical costs per patient during ICU and total hospital (ICU and general ward) stay were 35,105 and 41,110 US dollars (USD), respectively. The following components of the ProVent model were associated with higher medical costs during ICU stay: age <50 years (average 42,731 USD vs. 33,710 USD, p=0.001), thrombocytopenia on day 21 of MV (36,237 USD vs. 34,783 USD, p=0.009), and requirement for hemodialysis on day 21 of MV (57,864 USD vs. 33,509 USD, p<0.001). As the number of these three components increased, a positive correlation was found betweeen medical costs and ICU stay based on the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (γ) (γ=0.367, p<0.001). Conclusion: The ProVent model can be used to predict high medical costs in PMV patients during ICU stay. The highest medical costs were for patients who required hemodialysis on day 21 of MV.
노지연,최진희 환경독성보건학회 2010 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Monitoring toxicity levels in specific biological compartments is necessary to evaluate the ecotoxicological risk associated with soil environmental pollution. Gene expression, as potential biomarker, is increasingly used as rapid early warning systems in environmental monitoring and ecological risk assessment procedures. Various representative species are currently used for the purpose of assessing soil toxicity, however, investigations on toxicological assessments using endpoint based on gene-level have been limited. In this review, we will present the current trends in organisms and endpoints used in soil toxicity study and report gene expression related to toxicity using soil organism, and C. elegans as promising organisms for this approach.
노지연,김기림 한국치위생학회 2018 한국치위생학회지 Vol.18 No.4
Objectives: Calcium hydroxide, a root canal temporary sealer, has long been used and it has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. To investigate the properties of a newly developed calcium hydroxide paste comprising silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite (Si-HA), we examined the anti-inflammatory activity of the new calcium hydroxide paste in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which causes infection of the root canal. Methods: The test materials, including Calcipex II as control group and the newly developed TRC paste, were extracted from cell culture media and then diluted for experiment. In LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, the cytotoxicity and nitric oxide (NO) production of test materials were measured by MTT assay and Griess reagents, respectively. Also, the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was assessed by western blotting. Results: The IC50 values of Calcipex II and TRC paste were 17.6 ㎎/㎖ and 13.5 ㎎/㎖, respectively. The level of NO, increased by LPS, was dose-dependently inhibited more by TRC paste than Calcipex II treatment. In addition, iNOS expression was decreased by 71% and 92% at concentrations of 2 ㎎/㎖ and 20 ㎎/㎖ of TRC paste, respectively. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the Si-HA calcium hydroxide paste has a slightly improved anti-inflammatory property and further studies are needed before clinical recommendations are proposed.
Ecotoxicological effects of CeO2 nanoparticles on soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
노지연,박영권,최진희 환경독성보건학회 2008 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.23 No.2
In this study, three different sizes of cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles were synthesized and exposed toCaenorhabditis elegansto investigate the potential harmful effect of CeO2 nanoparticles on the environment.The effects of the CeO2 nanoparticles on C. eleganswere assessed at multiple levels, such as with respect tostress response gene expression, growth, reproduction and mortality. Moreover, to test the ecotoxicologicalrelevance of CeO2-induced gene expression. The overall results suggest that CeO2 nanoparticles may provokeecotoxicity in C. elegansespecially with respect to gene expression, reproduction and survival, which can com-prise an important contribution to knowledge on the ecotoxicity of CeO2 nanoparticles, about which little dataare available. This is particularly valuable in the biomarker research on ecotoxicology, as ecological relevanceis a crucial criterion for the applicability of the biomarker in field biomonitoring and ecological risk assess-ment.