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Kinetic Study on the Gelatinization of Barley Starch
목철균,이상효,남영중,민병용,Mok, Chul-Kyoon,Lee, Sang-Hyo,Nam, Young-Jung,Min, Byong-Yong Korean Society of Food Science and Technology 1985 한국식품과학회지 Vol.17 No.6
$60{\sim}95^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 보리전분희석액의 호화를 속도론적으로 조사분석하였다. 보리전분의 호화속도는 온도의존성이 컸으며 $90^{\circ}C$ 이상에서의 호화는 1단계의 1차반응에 속하였으나 $85^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 2단계의 1차반응으로 구성됨을 확인하였다. $85^{\circ}C$ 이하의 온도에서 반응제 1단의 반응속도는 반응제 2단의 경우에 비하여 큰값을 나타내었다. 반응제 1단의 활성화에너지는 31.93 Kcal/g mole 이었으며 반응제 2단의 활성화에너지는 $75^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 78.49 Kcal/g mole, $75^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 23.41 Kcal/g mole 이었다. The gelatinization kinetics of barley starch in dilute system (1% w/v concn.) at the temperature range of $60{\sim}95^{\circ}C$ was investigated. The gelatinization rate was extremely temperature dependent. The gelatinization at the temperature above $90^{\circ}C$ was an one step 1st order reaction throughout the gelatinization time, but that below $85^{\circ}C$ consisted of two stages which showed different reaction rates. The reaction rate of the 1 st stage was greater than that of the 2nd stage. The activation energy of the 1 st stage was 31.93 Kcal/g mole and those of the 2nd stage were 78.49 and 23.41 Kcal/g mole above and below $75^{\circ}C$, respectively.
목철균,남영중,이상효,이현유 한국농화학회 1985 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.28 No.3
The milling characteristics of barley of various moisture content were investigated using Brabender Grain Hardness Tester (GHT) to set up the optimum conditions of dry milling process. The optimum GHT clearance were 1/0-1/10 for-10+12 mesh particles, 0/5-0/15 for-12+18 mesh, and 0/-15 for -18 mesh. The grain hardness of barley kernel increased with moisture content and the grindability, on the other hand, decreased. The consumed electric energy in milling increased with moisture content and showed the maximum value at the moisture content of 14.04%. The optimum conditions of dry milling of barley were 0/-5 GHT clearance and 12.80% moisture content and the consumed electric energy was 92.41Kwh for the production of 1,000㎏ of -18 mesh particles.
pipecuronium 과 pancuronium 의 분할 투여시 근이완 및 기관내 삽관에 따른 심혈관계의 변화
한종인,이춘희,김치효,정남영 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.5
Pipecuronium bromide (Arduan) is a new steroid base, bisquatemary neuromuscular blocking agent in clinical use in Eastern Europe. The chemical structure, speed of onset and duration of neuromuscular effect of pipecuronium is similar to those of pancuronium. Unlike pancuronium, however, it has no unwanted cardiovascular effects. The neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of pipecuronium were compared with those of pancuronium in 40 adult patients anesthetized with thiopentone, nitrous oxide with oxygen and intravenous meperidine nad diazepam. Twenty patients received pancuronium 0.02 mg/kg, followed 3 minutes later by pancuronium 0.1 mg/kg intravenously (pancuronium group). The other 20 patients received pipecuronium 0.015 mg/kg and 0.08 mg/kg (pipecuronium gmup). Patient's complaint was asked 2 minutes after administrations af the priming doses. Times to 75% and 100% twitch depression were measured and the conditions of tracheal intubation were evaluated at 100% twitch depression. Heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were checked noninvasively on arrival in the operating room (control), before trachal intubation (maximal relaxation), 1, 3, and 5 minutes after tracheal intubation. The results obtained were as follows; 1) Mild complaint of patient, such as unable to open eyes or blurred vision after priming doses was 95% in the pancuronium group and 75% in the pipecuonium group. 2) The times to 75% and 100% twitch depression of the pipecuronium group were 72±2.2 sec and 112.8±3.3 sec and were shorter than those of the pancuronium group. 3) In the pancuronium group, there was significant increases of heart rate and rate pressure product (RPP) before tracheal intubation, 1, 3, and 5 minutes after tracheal intubation compared with control value. In the pipecuronium group, there was no significant change in heart rate before tracheal intubation and 5 min after tracheal intubation compared with control value, but significant decrease in blood pressure, occured with decrease in RPP. The heart rate a RPP following administration of pipecuronium decreased significantly before tracheal intubation and 5 min after tracheal intubation compared with the pancuronium group. The results from the above study suggest that pipecuronium would have advantages over patients with significant cardiovascular diseases for a prolonged operation.