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- 저자 : 나빈 쿠마르 (검색결과 4 건)
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An Experimental Study on NOX Reduction in a Diesel Engine with Cold EGR
부펜더(Chauhana, Bhupendra Singh),나빈쿠마르(Kumar, Naveen),전용두(Jun, Yong-Du) 한국산학기술학회 2010 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-
The objective of the current research work is to investigate the usage of biodiesel combined with the use of EGR in order to reduce the emission of all regulated pollutants from diesel engines. A single cylinder, air cooled, constant speed direct injection diesel engine was used for the experimental work and a cold EGR system was developed and fitted to the engine. Concentrations of HCs, NOx, and CO from the exhaust gas along with the smoke opacity were measured. Engine performance parameters such as the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and the brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) were also calculated from the measured data. The results from the present investigation suggest that 25-30% EGR rate could give excellent NOx reduction without any significance penalty on smoke opacity or BSEC under the engine load of up to 40%. Under the full load condition, 15% EGR rate was found to be an option while higher EGR rate resulted in inferior performance and heavy smoke.
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Cell wall hydrolases: Expansion or Senescence in Roses (Rosa hybrida L.)
나빈 쿠마르,기리시 찬드 스비아스타바,키란 딕싯 한국원예학회 2008 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.49 No.6
Roles of cell wall hydrolases in relation to petal expansion and subsequent senescence in roses were studied. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, during the year 2005-07. Two cultivars of cut- roses (Rosa hybrida L.), ‘Grandgala’ and ‘First Red’ were obtained from a commercial grower (German Garden), Dharuheda, Haryana, India. Flower stems were harvested at six different developmental stages. Petals were separated from different petal whorls of the flower, outermost to innermost [7 whorls each in both ‘Grandgala’ and ‘First Red’] from all the developmental stages. Opening of the flower bud was accompanied by increased activity of cell wall hydrolases. Activities of polygalactouronase (PG) and pectin methyl esterase (PME) increased up to stage 5 in flower bud development in all the petal whorls and declined thereafter. Higher levels of PME and PG activity were correlated with the flower bud development and petal expansion. The highest level of ethylene production coincided with the peak activity of both enzymes in expanding petals. The PME activity appeared to create an acidic environment within the cell wall that promoted the action of PG, which might cause cell wall loosening and allow turgor driven petal expansion. It seems that both ethylene dependent (S3-S6) and ethylene independent (S1-S2) activities of PME and PG are parts of a highly coordinated cell death program, which follows initial cell wall loosening, expansion, and finally termination of petal life.
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User Performance of AR Interactions in Smart Factory Context
Naveen Kumar(나빈 쿠마르),Chae Heon Lim(임채헌),Seul Chan Lee(이슬찬) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of size of augmented reality (AR) object and interaction mode on human operator performance in AR-based smart factory environment. Background: AR interfaces typically embedded the virtual images onto the real world. AR interfaces in smart factory will allow users to interact through gesture and virtual touch to perform tasks. It is becoming complex for human operators in smart factory to perform tasks by using different interaction modes for different sizes of AR interfaces. Method: We conducted a user study with 10 subjects. Each subject performs a single task in three steps (step 1: select the interface element, step 2: zoom the interface element, and step 3: close the interface element). Each subject has randomly assigned the sizes (small, medium, and large) and interaction mode (gesture and touch) to perform the task. AR interface has three size categories, and each size was consisted of five elements. Results: We found that task completion time of human operator in the gesture condition for all three sizes was significantly higher than touch interaction. We also found that the participants showed higher error counts in gesture interaction compared to touch interaction. Conclusion: We conclude that human operator performance was better in touch interaction mode for interacting with different sizes of information presented in AR. Application: We believe that the reported results will help inform the design and customization of interaction techniques for AR applications.
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Suman Kalyan Sardar(수만 칼얀 사르다르),Naveen Kumar(나빈 쿠마르),Seul Chan Lee(이슬찬) 대한인간공학회 2021 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.11
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the importance of major research areas by identifying different machine learning techniques that influence key research fields on Human Status Detection (HSD). Background: HSD is concerned with the study of human-system interactions that uses theory, concepts, data, and techniques to design in order to improve human well-being and total performance. The basic premise of HSD is that effective performance comes from user-centered design and a comprehensive understanding of the user’s skills, needs, and preferences. Several machine learning algorithms have been used in the literature to measure the cognitive and physical workload status of the users. Method: In this research, PRISMA model has been applied to gather articles from three databases namely, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Sixteen keywords has been selected for collecting the articles from the databases. The following criterion is considered to develop protocol: (1) inclusion/exclusion criteria, (2) study selection, (3) data extraction, (4) data synthesis. Results: A total number of 82 articles were identified using an iterative collaboration of 80 keyword combinations addressing issues in different physical workloads and cognitive loads. A list of important occurrences was identified that may have an impact on the publication pattern. Conclusion: Recent publications on human status detection appear to be primarily concerned with cognitive load whereas previous articles were on detecting physical workload. Application: This study helps domain researchers to identify HSD techniques for their experimental studies.
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