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경증두부외상 중간위험군 환자의 위험도층화: 한글 번역 이차출판
김중헌 대한소아응급의학회 2022 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.1
The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network rule helps emergency physicians identify very low-risk children with minor head injury who can forgo head computed tomography. This rule contributes to reducing lifetime risk of radiation- induced cancers while minimizing missing clinically important traumatic brain injury. However, in intermediate-risk children, decisions on whether to perform computed tomography remain at the emergency physicians’discretion. To reduce this gray zone, this review summarizes evidence for risk stratification of intermediate-risk children with minor head injury.
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MPEG에서 B 프레임의 특징을 이용한 급진적 장면전환 검출에 관한 연구
김중헌,장종환,Kim Joong-Heon,Jang Jong-Whan 한국정보처리학회 2005 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.12 No.5
일반적인 장면전환 검출방법은 연속적인 두 영상의 특징 값을 비교하여 일정한 임계값 이상일 경우 장면전환으로 판단한다. 그러나 기존의 장면전환을 검출하는 알고리즘은 장면전환을 검출하는데 있어서 프레임의 특징 값을 추출하기 위하여 복호화 과정에서 많은 시간이 소비되었고 단지 연속적인 두 영상의 특징 값을 비교하기 때문에 빛의 변화나 물체의 움직임에 따른 오검출 문제를 나타내었다. 본 논문에서는 MPEG 압축 영역에서 매크로블록 정보를 직접 추출 및 이용하여 효과적인 장면 전환 검출을 위한 알고리즘을 제안한다 제안한 알고리즘은 MPEG에서 매크로블록 정보를 직접 추출하고 이용하므로 기존의 알고리즘의 문제점인 많은 연산량 문제를 개선하였고, 연속된 프레임과의 비교를 통한 장면전환 검출이 아닌 이전 또는 이후 영상과의 연관성을 분석하여 장면전환된 프레임을 검출함으로 빛의 변화나 물체의 움직임과 같은 오검출 문제를 해결할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안한다 제안한 알고리즘은 MPEG 데이터를 대상으로 한 실험을 통해 기존의 히스토그램을 이용한 알고리즘보다 빠르고 정확하게 검출할 수 있음을 보이고, 실험 결과를 통해 성능을 분석하였다. General scene change detection determines the changes of a scene by using feature comparison of two continuous images that are above the fixed threshold. But existing algerian detects scene change that was used in comparing the features of two images continuously, it usually takes a lot of time in decrypting the image data and false-detection problem occurs when there is an object motion or a change of illumination. In this paper, macroblock were used to extract the information directly from the MPEG compression area and suggests algorithm that will detect scene changes more effectively. Existing algorithm have shown numerous arithmetic problems that were improved in the proposed algorithm. The existing algorithm cannot detect the changes of a scene after analyzing the relationship of the previousand futureimages while the algorithm being proposed can detect the changes of a scene continuously and resolves the problem of false-detection. To this end, the data used in general were tested to prove that this algerian would be able to detect the scene changes faster and more correctly than the existing ones. The performance of the suggested algorithm was analyzed basedontheresultsoftheexperiment. .
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Fast Millimeter-Wave Beam Training with Receive Beamforming
김중헌,Andreas F. Molisch 한국통신학회 2014 Journal of communications and networks Vol.16 No.5
This paper proposes fast millimeter-wave (mm-wave)beam training protocols with receive beamforming. Both IEEEstandards and the academic literature have generally consideredbeam training protocols involving exhaustive search over all possiblebeam directions for both the beamforming initiator and responder. However, this operation requires a long time (and thus overhead)when the beamwidth is quite narrow such as for mm-wavebeams (1 in the worst case). To alleviate this problem, we proposetwo types of adaptive beam training protocols for fixed and adaptivemodulation, respectively, which take into account the uniquepropagation characteristics of millimeter waves. For fixed modulation,the proposed protocol allows for interactive beam training,stopping the search when a local maximum of the power angularspectrum is found that is sufficient to support the chosen modulation/coding scheme. We furthermore suggest approaches to prioritizecertain directions determined from the propagation geometry,long-termstatistics, etc. For adaptive modulation, the proposedprotocol uses iterative multi-level beam training concepts for fastlink configuration that provide an exhaustive search with signifi-cantly lower complexity. Our simulation results verify that the proposedprotocol performs better than traditional exhaustive searchin terms of the link configuration speed for mobile wireless serviceapplications.
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외상후 발생한 복막강내, 후복막강내 고형장기 손상의 임상적 특성
김중헌,홍정석,이종화,홍은석,김선휴 대한응급의학회 2010 大韓應急醫學會誌 Vol.21 No.5
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the characteristics and prognosis of intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal solid organ injuries after trauma. Methods: We analyzed computed tomography (CT) data for 232 patients who had injury to solid abdominal organs between January 2002 and June 2009. The patients who had solid organ injury on CT were categorized into intraperitoneal,retroperitoneal and intra/retroperitoneal injury groups. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively, and data regarding the sex and age of patients, mechanism of injury, initial hemodynamic status, Revised Trauma Score (RTS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), amount of transfusion, admission rate to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were collected and analyzed. Injury severity of solid organs was classified according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grading system. Results: The intraperitoneal injury group had 131 patients,the retroperitoneal injury group 49 patients, and the intra/retroperitoneal injury group 52 patients. The intra/retroperitoneal injury group exhibited low blood pressure,a large number of packed red blood cells that were transfused, and high ISS and abdominal AIS. They tended to stay longer in the ICU and showed a higher mortality. Conservative management was the most common therapeutic modality for all 3 groups. Conclusion: The intra/retroperitoneal injury group showed higher fall for the mecahnism of injury, a lower initial blood pressure and a larger number of packed red blood cells that were transfused compared with the other groups. Therefore,physicians should rapidly identify those with a poor prognosis at initial presentation and make a decision quickly when they are caring for intra/retroperitoneal injury patients.
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Damage control resuscitation in children
김중헌,고유라,정경원 대한소아응급의학회 2019 대한소아응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1
Damage control resuscitation is a relatively new resuscitative strategy for patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage. This strategy consists of permissive hypotension and early balanced transfusion, and transfers the patients to subsequent surgery. There is growing evidence on harms of excessive fluids. Since 2013, survival benefit of massive transfusion protocol has been proven in adults. Despite insufficient evidence, pediatric massive transfusion protocols are widely used in North American trauma centers. This review focuses on the concept of damage control resuscitation, and summarizes the relevant pediatric evidence.
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