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황사에 기인한 제주지역 대기 에어로졸 금속 성분의 농도 변화 및 특성 조사
김원형,강창희,양경희,한성빈,정덕상 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1
1998년부터 2001년까지 제주도 고산에서 대기 에어로졸을 채취, 분석하여 봄철 황사기간 동안의 금속성분 농도와 특성을 조사하였다. 분석기간동안의 평균 농도는 S>Na>Ca>Fe>K>Mg>Zn>Pb>Ti>Mn>V>Ba>Sr>Cu>Ni>Cr>Mo>Cd>Co의 순이었으며, 특히 Al, Ca, Fe, Fe, K, Ti, Ba, Sr의 농도가 황사기간에 각각 10.5, 9.9, 10.3, 5.6, 5.1, 6.5, 5.6배 증가하였다. 대부분의 토양성분들, 특히 Al, Fe, Ca 금속성분은 높은 상관성을 보였으며, 농축인자에 의한 조사결과 Ca, Fe, Cd, Ti, K, Mg 금속 성분들은 주로 토양으로부터 기인하는 반면 Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, V, Cr, Co, Zn, Na 성분들은 다른 요인에 기인하였다. 요인분석 결과 고산지역의 에어로졸은 토양의 영향을 주로 받고 있으며 그 다음으로는 인위적 및 해염의 영향을 받는 것으로 조사되었다. 풍향별 분석으로부터 대부분의 에어로졸 금속 성분들이 주로 북서계열 풍향의 영향을 받고 있으며 이는 한반도뿐만 아니라 중국 대륙으로부터의 장거리 유입 가능성을 시사하고 있다. The atmospheric aerosols have been collected at Gosan in Jeju during 1998 to 2001, and their metal components have been analyzed in order to investigate the characteristics and concentration variations during the Yellow Sand periods. The mean concentration of metal components including sulfur were in the order of S>Na>Ca>Fe>K>Mg>Zn>Pb>Ti>Mn>V>Ba>Sr>Cu>Ni>Cr>Mo>Cd>Co. The soil originate Al, Ca, Fe, K were increased as 10.5, 9.9, 10.3, 5.6 times, respectively during yellows Sand periods, and Ti, Ba, Sr were also increased as 5.1, 6.5, 5.6 times, respectively. Most of the soil components, in particular, Al, Fe, Ca, showed high correlation coefficients. The enrichment factors show Ca, Fe, Cd, Ti, K, Mg in aerosols are originated mostly from the soil, whereas the metals such as Pb, Mn, Ni, Cu, V, Cr, Co, Zn, and Na are from other possible sources rater than soil. The factor analysis shows the metals of the aerosols at Gosan are originated primarily due to the soil, followed by authropogenic and somehow sea-salt factors. The wind direction study showed most of the aerosol metal components increased with the northwest wind, indicating the possible transportation of air pollutants from China as well as the Korean peninsula.
제주도 한라산 1100 고지 대기 에어로졸의 조성 및 특성
김원형,강창희,신찬성,고선영,홍민선 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.1
The atmospheric aerosols collected at the 1100 site located in Mt. Halla have been analyzed to investigate their compositions and chemical characteristics. The average concentrations of water-soluble cautions were in the order of NH_(4)^(+)>Ca^(2+)>Na^(+)>K^(+)>Mg^(2+) during the spring, showing high increase of Ca^(2+) concentration with the value of 0.60㎍/㎥, and NH_(4)^(+)>Na^(+)>K^(+)>Ca^(2+)>Mg^(2+) during the other seasons. The average concentrations of anions have shown in the order of SO_(4)^(2-)>NO_(3)^(-)>Cl^(-) for all seasons, and SO_(4)^(2-) and NO_(3)^(-) had higher concentrations in spring with the values of 4.84㎍/㎥ and 1.08㎍/㎥, respectively. From the analytical data of size-segregated particles by cascade impactor sampling, the components of NH_(4)^(+), SO_(4)^(2-), NO_(3)^(-) and K^(+) were distributed mainly in fine particles, but Ca^(2+), Na^(+), Mg^(2+) and Cl^(-) were included mostly in coarse particles. The correlation coefficients of nss-SO_(4)^(2-)/NH_(4)^(+), nss-SO_(4)^(2-)/K^(+) and NO_(3)/nss-Ca^(2+) showed quite high values with 0.871, 0.857 and 0.654, respectively. Based on the study of enrichment factors, it is considered that Na^(+), Mg^(2+), Cl^(-) and Ca^(2+) components were delivered from oceanic and soil sources, but SO_(4)^(2-), NO_(3)^(-) and NH_(4)^(+) might have other source origins. The factor analysis study showed the aerosol at the 1100 site was influenced mainly by anthropogenic factors, followed by oceanic and soil factors.
대학생들의 학교 만족도와 학교 동일시 모형 : 대전대학교 학생들의 생활의식 조사를 중심으로
김원형 大田大學校 學生生活硏究所 1996 學生生活硏究 Vol.5 No.-
본 연구에서는 대전대 학생들의 학교 만족도 및 학교 동일시에 영항을 미치는 선행변수의 확인 및 학생들이 느끼는 대학 생활의 변수들을 연구하기 위해서 353명의 대전대 재학생을 대상으로 한 탐색적 요인분석과 문항 분석을 실시하였다 대학 생활 관련 변수들에 대한 문항 분석을 위해 7점 Likert형 척도를 사용한 질문지를 실시하였으며 확인적 요인 분석의 결과 나타난 변별타당도를 중심으로 신뢰도 검증을 통해 각 변수들의 측정 변수를 확인하였다 이렇게 확인된 12 선행 변수와 7 결과 변수들에 대한 성별과 대학 간 차이를 검증하기 위해 2×6 ANOVA 요인 설계를 실시하였으며 그 결과를 전체 평균에 대한 의미와 함께 제시하였다 또한 학교 만족도와 학교 동일시에 영항을 미치는 선행 변수들을 확인하기 위해 중대 회귀 분석을 이용하여 검증하였으며 그 결과와 함축성을 제시하였다. The present study first investigated the conceptual discrimination of Alma mater identification from both Alma mater satisfaction and Alma mater commitment and then examined the antecedents of Alma mater identification and Alma mater satisfaction. Alma mater identification was conceptualized as perceptions of common fate between the individual and the Alma mater, as suggested by the social identity theory. And alma mater satisfaction was defined as a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one's alma mater. Responses to the self-administered questionnaire measuring the antecedents, consquents of Alma mater identification and Alma mater satisfaction were collected from 353 students of the Taejon university, and analyzed by an exploratory factor analysis. All items in questionnaire consisted of 7-point Likert-type scales. To identify the antecedents of alma mater identification and Alma mater satisfaction, multiple regression analyses were performed. Major results from multiple regression analyses were followed. First, the following variables were identified as the antecedents of alma mater identification: 1) behavioral alma mater commitment 2) scholarly competence of professor 3) satisfaction with classmates 4) affective alma mater commitment. Second, the following variables were identified as the antecedents of alma mater satisfaction : 1) affective alma mater commitment 2) student' s welfare satisfaction 3) satisfaction of a major field of study 4) satisfaction with classmates 5)Scholarly competence of professor 6)scholarly attainments of student 7) university competitive strategy
[논문]제주도 한라산 1100 고지 대기 에어로졸의 조성 및 특성
김원형,강창희,신찬성,고선영,홍민선 한국대기환경학회 2003 한국대기환경학회지 Vol.19 No.2
The atmospheric aerosols collected at the 1100 site located in Mt. Halla have been analyzed to investigate their compositions and chemical characteristics. The average concentrations of water soluble cations were in the order of NH₄^+>Ca^2+>Na^+>K^+>Mg^2+ during the spring, showing high increase of Ca^2+ concentration with the value of 0.60㎍/㎥, and NH₄^+>Na^+>K^+>Ca^2+>Mg^2+ during the other seasons. The average concentrations of anions have shown in the order of SO₄^2->NO₃^->Cl^- for all seasons, and SO₄^2- and NO₃^- had higher concentrations in spring with the values of 4.84㎍/㎥ and 1.08㎍/㎥, respectively. From the analytical data of size-segregated particles by cascade impactor sampling, the components of NH₄^+, SO₄^2-, NO₃^- and K^+ were distributed mainly in fine particles, but Ca^2+, Na^+, Mg^2+ and Cl^- were included mostly in coarse particles. The correlation coefficients of nss-SO₄^2-/NH₄^+, nss-SO₄^2-/K^+ and NO₃^-/nss-Ca^2+ showed quite high values with 0.871, 0.857 and 0.654, respectively. Based on the study of enrichment factors. it is considered that Na^+, Mg^2+, Cl^- and Ca^2+ components were delivered from oceanic and soil sources, but SO₄^2-, NO₃^- and NH₄^+ might have other source origins. The factor analysis study showed the aerosol at the 1100 site was influenced mainly by anthropogenic factors, followed by oceanic and soil factors.