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다채널 보청기의 압축역치에 따른 자음인지와 음질의 변화
김시온,이경원 한국청각언어재활학회 2019 Audiology and Speech Research Vol.15 No.1
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether function of compression threshold (CT) affects the scores of Korean consonant perception test (KCPT) and sound quality in quiet and noisy environments. Methods: The subjects were 18 adults with sensorineural hearing loss, average age of 56.8 years, word recognition more than 40% and pure tone average of 54.3 dB HL. The hearing aids used in this study were behind-the-ear type hearing aid with more than 4 channels. After randomly adjusting the CT to 55, 65, 75 dB SPL in quiet and white noise environments (+6 dB signal-to-noise ratio), the scores of KCPT and preferences (clarity, sound quality, and loudness of noise) were evaluated. Results: The CT of 55 dB SPL and 65 dB SPL scored higher KCPT than CT of 65 dB SPL in noisy environment. In quiet environment, however, there was no difference in Korean consonant recognition score based on its CT. In the preferences assessment, CT of 55 dB SPL showed greater loudness of noise than CT of 75 dB SPL. However, the clarity and sound quality did not vary on CT in quiet and noisy environments. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it has been confirmed that CT may affect the recognition of Korean speech sounds and the loudness of noise. Therefore, the control of CT should be considered when adjusting electroacoustic elements of the multi-channel hearing aid.
Steroid-induced Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis after Suprasella Tumor Resection
김시온,박극규,권영준,신현철,최천식 대한척추신경외과학회 2013 Neurospine Vol.10 No.2
Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is an abnormal localized accumulation of fat tissues in the epidural space. It is strongly related with steroid administration. The symptoms of SEL are various and range from back pain to paraplegia. In severe cases, decompressive laminectomy is the choice of treatment. A 32-year-old woman who had been under long-term steroid administration after suprasellar tumor resection was admitted for both leg radiating pain and weakness. She was diagnosed with SEL and had a decompressive laminectomy. During the operation, we found the nerve roots were compressed by epidural fat tissues and engorged vessels. After the operation, her radiating pain was relieved and motor weakness was improved.
김시온,정혜리,이주호,신승헌,구동균,이승재 대한교통학회 2022 대한교통학회 학술대회지 Vol.87 No.-
지구 온난화가 심화됨에 따라 탄소 중립에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있으며 교통 부문에서도 화두로 떠오르고 있다. 수소차는 운행에 따른 온실가스가 발생하지 않아 탄소 중립 정책과 합치한다. 수소차는 전기차보다 충전시간이 짧고 충전당 운행거리가 길기 때문에 대형트럭 등 오염물질 고배출 차량에 적용하기 좋은 기술적 특성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존 내연기관 화물차를 수소화물차 대체하는 상황을 가정하고 대기오염물질 절감량 등 대체 효과를 정량적으로 예측하여 수소화물차 활성화 정책의 근거를 마련하였다. 장래의 불확실성을 보정하기 위해 정부의 수소차 보급 목표 달성 수준에 따라 시나리오를 구분하였다. 생존 곡선을 통해 차량별 연식을 고려한 실제 연간 운행되는 수소화물차 수를 추정하였다. 차종별, 속도별 배출계수를 이용하여 대기오염물질의 감소와 도입에 따른 대기오염비용의 감소를 계산하였다. 2030년 기준 111,626eo의 수소화물차가 운행될 것으로 예측된다. 2030년 기준 CO₂, Nox, CO, VOC 및 PM_2.5, CO₂ 배출 절감량은 각각 17,006.96–42,501.99백만 톤으로 추산된다. 대기오염비용 절감 편익은 2030년 기준 897억1100만 원 수준으로 추산된다. 본 연구의 결과는 수소화물차 활성화 정책 시행의 판단의 근거로 활용될 수 있다.
보컬 녹음에서 모니터에 적용된 컴프레서가 가창에 미치는 영향
김시온,박재록 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.2
Dynamic Compressors in vocal recordings of modern pop music are essential equipment. Dynamic compressors are applied not only to the mix for listening to music but also to the monitor for the singer to listen to his voice along with the accompaniment while the singer is recording. This study is an experimental study on the effects of a dynamic compressor applied to a monitor environment on the vocal performance of a singer. 10 participating singers participated in the blind test to test how the vocals heard through the monitor would be affected by the 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1 compression ratio. Experimental results show that the higher the compression ratio applied to the monitor, the bigger the song, the brighter the tone, but the pitch becomes finer inaccuracy on the bigger dynamic part of the song. In post-interviews with blinds, it was found that singers generally preferred to hear compressed sound through a compressor on the monitor. Since the music used in the experiment was a ballad with a wide dynamic range, it could not be generalized to all kind of music recordings, but it could provide important implications for the monitoring of recording sites. In addition, We hope that the cognitive science approach to recording technology will be added based on this paper which has been studied through empirical studies on the effect of the monitor environment on the singing voice.