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Streptozotocin으로 유발한 당뇨 흰쥐의 혈당 및 혈청 지질함량에 미치는 가시오가피 추출물의 영향
김순동,이상일,신경옥,Kim Soon-Dong,Lee Sang-Il,Shin Kyung-Ok 동아시아식생활학회 2005 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.15 No.5
Effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (AS) on blood sugar content and serum lipid profiles of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Experimental groups were classified into four groups, that is, normal control (NC) group, diabetic mellitus (DM) group, AS-fed group and DMAS-fed group. The AS group showed lower feed efficiency than the NC group, but the efficiency of DMAS group was higher than DM group. DMAS group showed the decreased water intake and urine by $45.5\%$ and $23.7\%$ respectively, compared with DM group. Compared with DM group, DMAS group decreased blood sugar by $46.9\%$ and triglyceride by $17.8\%$, total cholesterol by $10.0\%$ and LDL cholesterol by $22.0\%$ in serum, but increased serum HDL cholesterol by $14.4\%$ The relative percentage of liver or kidney per body weight, and the serum ALT activity in DMAS group were lower than those of DM group. There were no significant differences in hepatic glutathione(GSH) contents and total xanthine oxidase(XOD) activities among experimental groups. The hepatic lipid peroxide(LPO) content in DMAS group decreased by $54.6\%$ compared with that in DM group. The XOD (O type) and the ratio of O type to total type of both STZ-treated groups (DM and DMAS) were higher than those of NC group, but less conversion of D to O type was observed in DMAS group than in DM group. There was no significant difference in GST activity between NC and AS, but STZ-treated groups showed lower glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity than NC. In conclusion, it seems that AS reduces blood sugar by inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase type O as an oxygen-free radical generating system which induces the tissue damage. Antidiabetic effect of AS may regulate diabetes-induced high lipid profiles in blood.
고추의 성숙에 따른 세포벽 다당류의 변화와 β - Galactosidase Isozymes의 분리
김순동(Soon-Dong Kim),강명수(Meung-Su Kang),김광수(Kwang-Soo Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 1985 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.14 No.2
Various cell wall polysaccharides and related enzyme activities in hot pepper fruit were determined at different stages of maturity. The uronic acid content of cell walls decreased between immature green and turning stage fruit and then increased by red ripe stage. In contrast, cellulose contens of cell walls changed only a little during ripening. Total neutal sugar content of cell wall material decreased 50% and galactose content of the walls decreased about 80% by the turning stage. Polygalacturonase and β-galactosidase activities, as well as total hemicellulose from isolated cell walls of ripening hot pepper fruit were studied using gel filtration chromatography. Polygalacturonase activity was not detectable but 5 isozymes of β-galactosidase were resolved. The activities of the enzymes were relatively high and gel filtration showed that they differed in molecular weight. Hemicellulose content decreased during ripening and softening. The molecular weight profiles shifted from high molecular weight to low molecular weight polymers during ripening. The changes in cell walls that may be associated with fruit softening involve the alteration of hemicellulose prior to the degradation of wall-bound uronic acid. It is suggested that the decrease in cell wall galactose involved changes in turnover of new cell wall components.
pH조정제를 이용한 저염 배추김치의 숙성중 Pectin질의 변화
김순동(Soon-Dong Kim),이신호(Shin-Ho Lee),김미정(Mee-Jung Kim),오영애(Young-Ae Oh) 한국식품영양과학회 1988 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.17 No.3
저염김치의 숙도조절과 가식기관의 연장을 목적으로 원료배추에 대하여 2%의 소금과 sodium malate buffer(SMB) 0.4%를 첨가하여 20℃에서 숙성시키면서 pectin 질의 변화를 조사하였다.<br/> SMB 첨가김치는 무첨가에 비하여 가식기간이 40 시간 정도 연장되었고 맛 조직의 신선도 연화상태 등에서 양호하였다. Alcohol insoluble solid(AIS) 와 protopectin (PP) 는 숙성에 따라 감소되었으며 SMB 침가김치에서 감소율이 낮았고 pectic acid(PA)와 water soluble pectin(WSP)는 이와 반대로 숙성에 따라 증가되었는데 증가율은 무첨가 김치에서 높았다. PP와 PA는 각각 hemicellulose 로부터 유래된 hexose와 pentose를 함유하였으나 숙성 중에 감소하였고 감소율은 무첨가김치에서 높았다. 김치가 숙성됨에 따라 극성이 낮고 분자량이 극도로 높은 PP가 조직으로 용출되어 나온 반면 극성이 높은 저분자의 PP는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었는데 무첨가의 경우가 현저하였다. For the purpose of fermentation control and edible period extension of lower salted Kimchi, the contents and compositions of pectic substances in Kimchi, by adding 2 percent salt and 0.4 percent sodium malate buffer(SMB), fermented at 20℃ were investigated.<br/> Edible period of SMB added chinese cabbage Kimchi was extended 40 hrs compared to that of control (added 2.5% salt) with good flavor, texture and freshness. The contents of alcohol insoluble solid(AIS) and protopectin(PP) of control were more decreased during fermentation than those of SMB added Kimchi. But, the contents of pectic adid(PA) and water soluble pectin(WSP) of control were more increased during fermentation than those of SMB added Kimchi. Hexose and pentose from hemicellulose in control, PP and PA respectively, were more decreased during fermentation than those in SMB added Kimchi. Lower polarity and higher molecular weight PP was eluted and higher polarity and lower molecular weight PP was decreased considerably in control compared to those in 8MB added Kimchi during fermentation.
Lactobacillus acidophilus가 생성하는 β - Galactosidase의 성질
김순동(Soon-Dong Kim),장경숙(Kyung-Sook Jang),오영애(Young-Ae Oh),김미정(Mee-Jung Kim),강명수(Meung-Su Kang),이명숙(Meung-Sook Lee),김미향(Mee-Hyang Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 1992 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.21 No.1
Lactobacillus acidophilus를 이용한 배추김치 제조 연구의 일환으로 이 균이 생성하는, 김치의 연화와 밀접한 관련이 있는 효소의 하나인 β-galactosidase(β-Galase)의 성질을 균체내외 효소로 구분하여 조사하였다. Gel여과법에 의하여 측정한 균체내외 β-Galase의 개략적인 분자량은 각각 550,000 및 740,000 dalton이었으며 K_m값은 각각 1.67㎎/ml 및 1.33㎎/ml, V_(max)은 각각 8.5μ㏖/㎎/30min 및 2.65μ㏖/㎎/30min이었다. 최적 pH는 균체내 효소의 경우는 7, 균체외 효소는 8이었으며 최적온도는 다같이 30℃, 최적 소금농도는 4~5%이었다. β-Galase의 열에 대한 안정성은 60℃에서 90℃로 온도가 높아질수록 그리고 열처리 시간이 길어질수록 감소하였는데 최초 열처리 2분간의 감소율이 가장 높았다. The characteristics of endogenous and exogenous β-galactosidase (β-Galase) produced from L. acidophilus were investigated as one of the serial studies on the fermentation of Chinese cabbage kimchi using L. acidophil us. Apparent molecular weight of endogenous and exogenous of the β-Galase were investigated to be 550,000 and 740,000 daltons by the method of gel filtration and Km values of the both enzymes were 1.67㎎/ml, 1.83㎎/ml and V_(max) were 8.5 μ㏖/㎎/30min., 2.65μ㏖/ml/30min., respectively. The optimum pH of the enzymes were 7 and 8, respectively. The optimum temperatures and salt concentrations of the both enzyme were the same and appeared to 30℃ and 4~5%, respectively. The activities of the endogenous and exogenous β-Galase were decreased by increasing of temperature from 60℃ to 90℃ and the decreasing rate of the enzyme activities on the processing of the heating times showed high at first 2 minutes of heating.