베트남 급성장 도시지역의 기후변화 홍수재해 위험성 분석

김소윤,이병재,이종소,Kim, So Yoon,Lee, Byoung Jae,Lee, Jongso 한국방재안전학회 2020 한국방재안전학회 논문집 Vol.13 No.2

Vietnamese cities have a high risk of flooding under climate change due to their geographical characteristics. In this situation, the urban area is expanding with rapid growth of urban population. However, the risk of flooding is increasing due to the increase in impermeable areas and insufficient infrastructure. This study analyzed the urban expansion trend at the national level in Vietnam for the past 10 years (2007-2017) by using the Urban Expansion Intensity Index. Also, this study selected Hue City as a region with a large impact of climate change and a rapid expansion and found the possibility of flooding in the urban expansion area. The result showed that cities have been expanded around major cities in the Red River Delta, Mekong Delta, and coastal areas. In the case of Hue City, the area with fast expansion rate has a higher expected flood area. It implies that the risk of flood disasters may increase if the urabn expansion is carried out without disaster prevention measures. It is expected that Korean urban disaster prevention policies such as urban climate change disaster vulnerability analysis system will be helpful in establishing urban plans considering climate change in the fast growing regions such as Vietnam. 베트남의 도시들은 지리적 특성으로 인해 기후변화에 따른 홍수 위험성이 높은 상황인데, 빠르게 도시지역이 확장됨에 따라 홍수위험성은 더욱 가중되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시확장강도지수를 활용하여 지난 10년간(2007년-2017년) 베트남 국가차원에서의 도시확장 추세를 확인한 후, 기후변화 영향이 크고 확장속도가 빠른 지역으로서 후에시를 선정하여 홍수발생가능성을 확인하였다. 그 결과 홍강델타, 메콩델타, 해안지역의 주요 도시 주변으로 확장되었으며, 후에시의 경우 확장속도가 빠른 지역일수록 예상침수면적이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 향후에 홍수재해 위험성이 더욱 커질 수 있음을 의미한다. 재해취약성분석 제도 등 국내의 도시방재정책은 베트남 급성장지역에서 기후변화를 고려한 도시계획 수립 시 도움이 될 것이다.

유기 금속 화학 증착법(MOCVD)으로 4H-SiC 기판에 성장한 Ga₂O₃ 박막과 결정 상에 따른 특성

김소윤,이정복,안형수,김경화,양민,Kim, So Yoon,Lee, Jung Bok,Ahn, Hyung Soo,Kim, Kyung Hwa,Yang, Min 한국결정성장학회 2021 한국결정성장학회지 Vol.31 No.4

ε-Ga₂O₃ 박막은 금속 유기 화학 기상 증착법(MOCVD)에 의해 4H-SiC 기판에 성장되었으며, 결정성은 성장 조건에 따라 평가되었다. ε-Ga₂O₃의 최적 조건은 665℃의 성장 온도와 200 sccm의 산소 유량에서 성장한 것으로 나타났다. hexagonal 핵이 합쳐지면서 2차원으로 성장되었고, hexagonal 핵의 배열 방향은 기판의 결정 방향과 밀접한 관련이 있었다. 그러나 ε-Ga₂O₃의 결정 구조는 hexagonal이 아닌 orthorhombic 구조를 가짐을 확인하였다. 결정상 전이는 열처리에 의해 수행되었다. 그리고 상 전이된 β-Ga₂O₃ 박막과 비교하기 위해 4H-SiC에서 β-Ga₂O₃ 박막을 바로 성장하였다. 상 전이된 β-Ga₂O₃ 박막은 바로 성장한 것보다 더 나은 결정성을 보여주었다. ε-Ga₂O₃ thin films were grown on 4H-SiC substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and crystalline quality were evaluated depend on growth conditions. It was found that the best conditions of the ε-Ga₂O₃ were grown at a growth temperature of 665℃ and an oxygen flow rate of 200 sccm. Two-dimensional growth was completed after the merge of hexagonal nuclei, and the arrangement direction of hexagonal nuclei was closely related to the crystal direction of the substrate. However, it was confirmed that crystal structure of the ε-Ga₂O₃ had an orthorhombic rather than hexagonal. Crystal phase transformation was performed by thermal treatment. And a β-Ga₂O₃ thin film was grown directly on 4H-SiC for the comparison to the phase transformed β-Ga₂O₃ thin film. The phase transformed β-Ga₂O₃ film showed better crystal quality than directly grown one.

가토에서 상직근 Z-근연절단술 후 절단폭에 따른 근육약화 효과와 근장력의 변화

김소윤,이영춘,So Yoon Kim,Young Chun Lee 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.7

Purpose: To identify the muscle weakening effect and the change of muscle tension according to degree of superior rectus Z-myotomy in rabbits. Methods: After dissection of superior rectus in 15 rabbits (30 eyes), marking was done on 10 mm apart from muscle insertion. Then, Z-myotomy was done on 2 mm and 8 mm apart from muscle insertion which are two different positions on apposite sides. 25%, 50% and 75% Z-myotomy were defined as group 1 (10 eyes), group 2 (10 eyes) and group 3 (10 eyes). After Z-myotomy, the change of muscle lengthening between muscle insertion and marking, and muscle tension were measured. At 4 weeks after Z-myotomy, all parameters were re-measured. Results: After Z-myotomy all markings moved posteriorly, and showed result as 10.83 ± 0.13 mm in group 1, 11.02 ± 0.17 mm in group 2 and 12.01 ± 0.23 mm in group 3 respectively. Muscle tension result showed as 3.98 ± 0.22 mm in group 1, 3.54 ± 0.18 mm in group 2 and 2.87 ± 0.25 mm in group 3. In comparison of three groups, group 2 and group 3 showed the significant results (p < 0.05). At 4 weeks after Z-myotomy the markings showed result as 10.55 ± 0.14 mm, 10.85 ± 0.20 mm, 11.91 ± 0.14 mm respectively, and in group 2 and group 3 the significant changes were seen (p < 0.05). Muscle tensions were 4.01 ± 0.31 mm, 3.88 ± 0.53 mm, 3.12 ± 0.42 mm respectively. There were significant results in group 2 and group 3 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: 75% Z-myotomy of superior rectus showed significant results in muscle weakening and decreasing muscle tension.

편의점 판매 김밥의 단백질과 무기질 함량을 중심으로 한 영양 적정성 평가

김소윤,윤성희,이윤아,최미경,So-Yun Kim,Seong-Hee Yoon,Yun-A Lee,Mi-Kyeong Choi 대한영양사협회 2023 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.29 No.2

This study examined the nutritional information using the nutrition labels of gimbap sold at convenience stores and evaluated nutritional adequacy compared to dietary reference intakes for Korean adolescents. Thirty gimbaps (triangular gimbaps and regular gimbaps according to the main ingredients of vegetables, fish, and meat) were purchased at five convenience stores of different brands with many stores in Korea. The food and nutrition labels of the gimbaps were investigated, and nine minerals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The average price of gimbap was 1,906.7 won, and average energy was 292.0 kcal, and the protein content was 15.5% of the recommended intake for Korean male adolescents aged 15~18 years. The mineral content ranged from 6.9% for zinc to 39.0% for selenium. Except for sodium and selenium, the energy, protein, and mineral content did not meet 1/3 of dietary reference intakes for adolescents. For the index of nutritional quality (INQ), calcium and zinc were the lowest in the triangular and regular gimbap, respectively. The INQ of potassium was significantly higher in triangular gimbap with vegetables. The content and INQ of selenium were in regular gimbap with fish, and the zinc INQ was in regular gimbap with meat. Overall, gimbap sold in convenience stores has a high sodium content, and the contents of energy, protein, and minerals, except selenium, are insufficient for a single meal.

인간 유전체 연구 관련 국제 특허성 연구(I) : 유전자 단편, 유전자 진단, 체세포 유전자 치료를 중심으로

김소윤 ( Kim So-yoon ),김수민 ( Kim Su-min ),김한나 ( Kim Han-nah ) 한국의료법학회 2016 한국의료법학회지 Vol.24 No.2

이 논문의 목적은 인간 유전체 연구의 특허와 관련된 국제 동향을 유전자 단편, 유전자 진단, 체세포 유전자 치료를 중심으로 살펴보고 그 연구 결과를 고찰해 보는 것이다. 최근 생명공학 특허 분야에서 논란이 되었던 것은 유전자 단편에 대한 특허성 인정에 대한 것이다. 이전까지 당연히 인정되었던 유전자 단편의 특허가 기술의 발전에 따라 미국을 선두로 그 특허성이 인정되지 않는 추세로 바뀜에 따라 국제적으로 영향이 나타나고 있다. 이를 살펴보기 위하여, 먼저 이 논문은 우선유전자 단편, 유전자 진단 및 체세포 유전자 치료의 최신 연구 동향을 소개하였다. 또한 저자들은 분야별 각 국가의 특허 제도의 동향에 대해 조사하고 그 분석 결과를 고찰하였다. 연구 결과, 국가별로 인간 유전체 연구의 특허 허여 여부의 기준에 있어 조금씩 차이를 보이고 있었다. 첫째, 유전자 단편의 특허성은 관련 기술의 발전과 미국 연방대법원 등으로 인하여 점차 그 의미가 퇴색될 것으로 보이므로 우리 제도에서도 제고가 필요하다. 둘째, 유전자 진단의 경우, 미국은 의료행위 또한 특허 대상으로 보기 때문에 유전자 진단 방법도 특허 가능할 것으로 보이나, 대부분의 국가에서 체외 진단기기나 비의료행위의 관점에서 특허성을 인정하고 있으며, 우리 특허 제도에서도 큰 문제가 없다고 본다. 셋째, 체세포 유전자 치료는 모든 연구 대상 국가에서 치료제로 구분하여 기존의 의약품과 마찬가지로 특허대상으로 보고 있다. This article aims to examine international trend related patentability of human genome researches focusing on gene segment, genetic diagnosis, and somatic gene therapy, and then review the research results. Recently in biotechnology area the patentability of gene segment arouse controversy. Previously patentability of gene segment was rightly acknowledged but with the development of biotechnology, leading by U.S., the gene segment turned out unpatentable, and it affects internationally. To examine this tendency more in-depth, first of all this article introduce the recent research trend of gene segment, genetic diagnosis, and somatic gene therapy. Then researchers investigate each country’s trend of patent system in human genome researches and review the result of analysis. Consequently, each country has slightly different standards in patentability on human gaenome researches. First, the patentability of gene segment’s meaning will be faded by affected the development of biotechnology and sharing international gene database, so our system’s improvement is needed. Second, in case of genetic diagnosis, in U.S., the medical practice is patentable so as to genetic diagnosis, but most countries accept the patentability of genetic diagnosis in the point of in vitro medical devices or non-medical practices, and it is same as in our patent system. Third, every research subject countries classify somatic gene therapy as medicine, therefore it is patentable like existing medicine.

안전 벨트 착용 모니터링 시스템 제작

김소윤(So-Yoon Kim),박지윤(Ji-Yoon Park),이인수(In-Soo Lee) 한국정보기술학회 2016 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2016 No.6

다양한 크기의 폴리스타이렌과 박테리아의 상호작용 분석

김소윤(So Yoon Kim),이은희(Eun-Hee Lee) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

현대 의학의 영생 기술과 그 신학적 성찰― 텔로미어와 유전자 가위를 중심으로

김소윤(Kim, So-Yoon),이관표(Lee, Kan-Pyo) 한신대학교 신학사상연구소 2017 신학사상 Vol.0 No.178

본 연구는 신학적 측면에서 현대 의학기술의 최신 이슈들을 다루며, 특별히 이것은 텔레미어와 유전자 편집기술(혹은 유전자 가위)을 이용한 영원한 생명에 관련된 기술을 말한다. 앞서 밝힌 현대의학에 대한 긍정적 의미 중 첫 번째는 영생기술이 피조물을 사랑하는 창조자의 축복일 수 있다는 점이다. 두 번째, 인간이 공동창조자이기에 유전자 조작 등의 기술은 신의 창조 작업에 동참한다는 것이다. 영생기술은 그러나 신학적으로 부정적인 의미 역시 가지고 있다. 첫 번째, 영생기술은 인간 “스스로 획득하는 영생”을 지향하며, 바로 이러한 의미에서 인간의 자기중심주의, 즉 이기심으로 귀결된다. 그리고 기독교는 인간 스스로 획득하는 영생이 분명한 잘못임을 이야기한다. 두 번째, 현대의 영생기술은 엄밀한 의미에서 본다면, 죽음의 극복이 아니라 죽음의 연기에 불과할 수 있다는 비판 역시 가능하다. 세 번째, 영생기술이 적용되는 계층이 한정되며, 이것은 곧 사회-경제적 차별로 연결된다는 비판 역시 가능하다. 네 번째, 이러한 계층 간의 갈등을 넘어 세계가 보다 적극적인 억압과 착취의 관계로 고착될 가능성이 있다. 다섯 번째, 영원히 사는 것이 아름답고 좋은 삶이 아닐 수 있음을 잊지 말아야 한다. 물론 이러한 비판들과 상관없이 영생기술은 신학의 비판과 무관하게 우리의 삶 안으로 들어올 것이다. 그러나 이러한 무기력한 상황에서도 우리는 최소한 스스로 질문하고 비판하기를 멈춰서는 안 되며, 가능한 질문들을 계속 생각해 보고, 여러 사람들의 지혜를 모으기 위한 노력을 계속해야 한다. This research paper aims to discuss, in the theological perspectives, the recent issues of modern medical technology that are related to eternal life, including ‘telomere’ and ‘gene editing.’ To discuss the medical technologies that are related to eternal life, the positive implications exist. Firstly, these technologies can be the blessing of the creator, who loves his creation. The God of Christianity loves his own creation, and does not want them to disappear, but want them to acquire eternal life. In this regard, eternal life that is achieved by man also can be perceived as a part of God’s will. Secondly, God created man as a co-creator of the world that man can participate in God’s creation, for example, by advancing science technology such as gene editing. Modern medical technology would lead all human beings to happiness with no pain, and this could be a part of God’s creation as well. However, the issues of man-achieved eternal life have negative implications and the problems that cannot be compromised with theology. Firstly, the man-achieved eternal life leads to egocentrism, therefore to selfishness, which Christianity tells sins. Secondly, the modern medical technologies can be perceived as postponing death, not for overcoming. Thirdly, the uses of these technologies would be limited to the upper classes of modern society, therefore resulting socioeconomic inequities and discrimination. Fourthly, such societal conflicts can be settled as oppression and exploitation. And lastly, man-achieved eternal life might not be as wonderful as we have expected for, because we have to abandon our life of today, in which we find and feel the harmonious coexistence of life and death.

골프 드라이버 스윙 시 성별에 따른 하지근육활동의 비교

김소윤 ( So Yoon Kim ),이중숙 ( Joong Sook Lee ),양정옥 ( Jeong Ok Yang ),이상돈 ( Sang Don Rhee ),김영수 ( Young Soo Kim ),이범진 ( Bom Jin Lee ),김인형 ( In Hyung Kim ) 한국운동역학회 2009 한국운동역학회지 Vol.19 No.3

연명치료중단과 유보 결정에 대한 한국 중환자 전담의사 인식과 실행

김소윤 ( So Yoon Kim ),강현희 ( Hyun Hee Kang ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),고신옥 ( Shin Ok Koh ) 한국의료윤리학회 2009 한국의료윤리학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate both the attitudes and practices of critical care physicians in Korean ICUs regarding end-of-life care decisions as well as the factors that influence those attitudes and practices. Methods: A questionnaire was developed and delivered to 100 members of the Korean Society of Critical Care Medicine in September 2007. The questionnaire was divided into six parts including personal information, decision-making processes, the withdrawing and withholding of life-sustaining treatment, informed consent, consultation with ethics committees, and guidelines. Results: Eighty eight responses from 53 different institutions were received. The results of the questionnaire include the following. There was a significant difference between the attitude and practices of respondents concerning family consent and patient`s consent. Attitudes toward patient and family consent differed significantly according to the clinical experiences of the respondents (p<.05). There was a significant difference between the attitudes and practices of respondents concerning how often caregivers effectively communicated with patients and family members. Attitudes toward family participation in decision-making processes differed significantly according to the respondents` gender. There was also a significance difference between the attitudes and practices of respondents regarding the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. Attitudes and practices on this issue varied according to the type of ICU where the respondents worked and their medical specialty. Practices concerning informed consent for "do not resuscitate" orders varied significantly according to respondent`s age and type of ICU. Finally, attitudes on the participation of ethics committees in decision-making processes varied significantly according to respondent`s clinical experiences (p<.05). Conclusions: This study found significant differences in the attitudes and practices of critical care physicians in Korean ICUs concerning end-of-life care decisions and the withdrawing and withholding of life-sustaining treatment. The study also found that the factors influencing these attitudes and practices include age, specialty, clinical experiences, and the types of ICU in which physicians work. However, there are some limitations in generalizing these findings.