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보수시기를 고려한 염해에 노출된 콘크리트 교각의 탄소량 평가
김성준,김영준,권성준,Kim, Seong-Jun,Kim, Young-Joon,Kwon, Seung-Jun 한국건설순환자원학회 2014 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.2 No.1
본 연구에서는 탄소배출 평가기법을 이용한 자재생산단계, 운송단계, 시공단계 뿐 아니라 보수시기 및 보수단위 탄소량을 고려하여 콘크리트 교각의 탄소배출량을 평가하였다. 혼화재료를 포함한 4가지 배합이 고려되었고 Life 365를 이용하여 염화물 침투를 평가하였으며, 이에 따른 보수횟수 및 보수시기를 설정하였다. 또한 목표내구수명동안 구조물의 피복두께를 걷어내어 재타설한 경우와 재타설 후 잔존염화물량을 제거하기 위한 전기화학적 공정의 사용유무에 따른 탄소배출량을 평가하였다. 평가결과 높은 물-결합재비를 가진 배합은 초기 시공단계에서의 탄소량은 상대적으로 적지만 보수횟수의 증가에 따라 탄소량이 증가하였으며, 탈염공법이 적용되는 경우 보수시의 단위 탄소량에 따라 전과정 탄소량이 크게 증가하였다. 보수횟수에 따라 탄소량의 증가가 발생하는데, W/B37-OPC의 경우 9번, W/B50-OPC에서는 18번, W/B40-SG에서는 4번, W/B74-SG는 7번으로 평가되었다. 더 긴 보수 불필요 기간을 가진 RC 구조물이 탄소량 감소에 유리함을 알 수 있다. In this paper, $CO_2$ amount is evaluated considering repairing timing and unit $CO_2$ amount per repair method including various stage of material manufacturing, moving, and construction. Four mix proportions with mineral admixture are considered and repairing timing/numbers are simulated based on the results from Life 365 which can handle chloride penetration. Furthermore two repair methods (simple cover concrete replacement and replacement with electro-chemical method for removing chloride content) are considered and the related $CO_2$ emissions are evaluated. From the study, the case with high W/B (water to binder ratio) ratio shows smaller $CO_2$ emission in construction stage but it increases more rapidly with increasing number of repair. $CO_2$ emission considering electro-chemical method greatly increases with the increasing unit $CO_2$ for the repairing method. The numbers of jumping step (repairing number) are evaluated to be 9 for WB37-OPC, 18 for WB50-OPC, 4 for WB40-SG, and 7 for WB47-SG respectively. RC structures with the longer maintenance free period are evaluated to be advantageous for saving $CO_2$ emission.
김성준,신헌철,Kim, Seong-Jun,Shin, Heon-Cheol 한국재료학회 2014 한국재료학회지 Vol.24 No.6
Cobalt nano-rods were fabricated using a template-free electrochemical-deposition process. The structure of cobalt electro-deposits strongly depends on the electrolyte composition and on the density of the applied current. In particular, as the content of boric acid increased in the electrolyte, deposits of semi-spherical nuclei formed, and then grew into one-dimensional nano-rods. From analysis of the electro-deposits created under the conditions of continuous and pulsed current, it is suggested that the distribution of the active species around the electrode/electrolyte interface, and their transport, might be an important factor affecting the shape of the deposits. When transport of the active species was suppressed by lowering the deposition temperature, more of the well-defined nano-rod structures were obtained. The optimal conditions for the preparation of well-defined nano-rods were determined by observing the morphologies resulting from different deposition conditions. The maximum height of the cobalt nano-rods created in this work was $1{\mu}m$ and it had a diameter of 200 nm. Structural analysis proved that the nano-rods have preferred orientations of (111).