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Sodium Amylosulfate 의 Salmonella typhi 증식에 대한 영향
김성옥,정윤섭,이삼열 대한미생물학회 1976 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
Sodium amylosulfate (SAS) has been reported to be an effective substance to inactivate the anti- bacterial activity of blood in bIood cuIture media. The advantage of the use of SAS over sodium polyanethol suIfonate (SPS) is that it does not inhibit (he growth of some bacterial species whir,h are known to be inhibited by SPS. As to S. typhi, SPS is reported to enhance the growth, however the effect of SAS on this or ganism is not known as yet. Using 43 strains of S. typhi, isotated from clinical materials, the authors tried to determine the effect of SAS on this organism. Tbe methods used for this study were: the SPS and SAS paper disk sensitivity test, tests on the growth in trypticase soy broth (TSB) with SPS and with SAS, and experimental blood culture in SPS and SAS incorporated TSB. The following results were obtined. 1). S. typhi strains with the turbidity of No. 0. 5 tube of MacFarland nepherometer were inoculated onto Mueller-Hinton plate and 1 mg disk of SPS and SAS were applied. After 24-hour incubation, none of the 43 strains showed inhibition zone by SPS disk, but all of them showed zones by SAS disk with a mean zone diameter of 9.5 mm (Table 1). 2) Inocula consisting of one to 54 viabIe counts of 37 strains wee inoculated into three different media; TSB with 0. 05% SPS, TSB with 0. 05% SAS and TSB alone. After 24-hour incubation the mean of the optical densities of each medium were 0. 483, 0 482 and 0. 459 respectively, showing that SAS does not inhibit the growth of S. typhi. Moreover it was shown that there was no correlation between the amount of inocuIa and growth (Table 2 and Fig. 1). 3), Each set of media in 5 ml amounts consisting of one tube of TSB with 0. 05% SPS, one tube of TSB with 0,05% SAS and two tubes of TSB were inoculated with 8, 64.640 and 6400 viable counts of bacteria. Then 0. 5 ml of fresh normal blood was added to all tubes except for one tube of TSB. Macroscopic observation after 24 hour incubation showed a heavy growth in all tubes except for the tube of TSB plus blood, which showed only a light growth in the tube of the heaviest inoculum. This result clearly demonstrates that the growth of S. typhi is inhibited by some antibacterial activities of fresh bIood, which are counter acted by SPS and SAS (Table 3). Between SPS and SAS, there was no significant difference found (Table 4 and Fig. 2). With all these resulta it can be postulated that the addition of SAS into a rountine blood culture media. May raise the positivity of S. typhi isolation and shorten the incubation period.
급성 췌장염 마우스에서 녹차 EGCG의 MAP Kinase 기전을 통한 췌장의 자가분해 조절
김성옥,김미려,최원경 대한암예방학회 2012 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
The aim of this study was to assess whether (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) regulates autophagy during cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP). Pancreatitis was induced in 10~12 week-old female Swiss Webster mice (n=3/group) pretreated with EGCG (2.5 mM/kg/day) by intraperitoneal injection for 4 days before injecting cerulein (50 μg/kg) i.p. for 9 h. The pancreases were harvested 1 h after the last injection. Weights of pancreases and amylase levels in serum were used to assess the development of AP. The pancreatic levels of phospho-ERK (pERK), beclin1 and cleaved LC3-II, were assessed by Western blotting. Pancreas wet weight, serum amylase and pERK levels were increased by cerulein, as compared to those of EGCG treated group. Cerulein also increased levels of beclin1 and cleaved LC3-II, as compared to those of EGCG treated group. Amylase, pERK and autophagy proteins returned to basal levels by EGCG treatment. In conclusion, treatment of EGCG regulated autophagy during induction of AP through the MEK/ERK pathway. Targeted modulation of the MEK/ERK pathway by EGCG may provide novel therapeutic strategies for reducing the severity of AP.
김성옥 한국스포츠심리학회 1991 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.2 No.2
Motivation in group sports concerns about facilitating coorperation among members of a team. Many forms of influence act upon team motivation because a team conducts its business before the observers who are emotionally involved in the results of its performance. Furthermore, an individual as a member of a team retains his own personal motive as well as group motive. For arousing team motivation, coaches should consider individual members as well as their team as an unit. As ways to build motivation of individuals, a brief discussion of three different approaches; the supportive approach, the reinforcement approach, and the pride-in-approach are presented. For an approach to team motivation, Atkinson's theory of achievement motivation is discussed. Atkinson theorized that group motivation is high when the desire for group success is stronger than the desire to avoid group failure. To develop a desire for group success to arouse team motivation, coaches should (1) set a realistic goal, (2) combine personal and group goals, (3) make individual members internalize their group goal (4) and get pride from their performance. The strategies for arousing team motivation are presented.