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동남아시아 개발도상국가에서 제도의 수준이 FDI 유입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구
김병각(Byoung-Gak Kim),박세운(Sae-Woon Park),이선혜(Sun-Hae Lee) 한국무역연구원 2020 무역연구 Vol.16 No.1
Purpose- The purpose of study is to empirically analyze the non-linear effects of the institutional quality on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in the 13 South-East Asian countries (8 ASEAN countries, India, Sri Lanca, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Nepal), and present implications for these countries to increase FDI inflows. Design/methodology - The panel regression is conducted with balanced panel data to measure the effect of the institutional quality on FDI inflows. The FDI as the ratio of GDP is used as the dependent variable. The independent variables are score or percentile index of World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators. Control variables include GDP growth, inflation, labor force supply, export orientation, financial market development, log(GDP), capital market openness, relative labor cost, and fixed asset formation. Also, the one year lagged values of the explanatory variables were used to control potential endogeneity. Most of the data are obtained from the World Bank’s data base. Findings- First, the institutional quality has a non-linear effect on FDI inflows, and when the institutional quality becomes above a threshold level, the improvement of institutional quality will result in more FDI inflows. Second, the coefficient of relative labor cost variable shows a significantly negative sign, indicating that foreign investors favor countries where relative labor costs are low. Third, GDP growth, export orientation, military expenditure, capital market openness, gross fixed capital formation have significantly positive impact on FDI inflows while inflation and GDP have significantly negative influence. Research implications or Originality- To secure funds and technology for economic development, developing countries in Southeast Asia are heavily dependent on FDI inflows. To attract FDI, as the empirical results show, they should improve their institutional quality above a threshold level. Therefore, it is suggested that their governments make efforts to improve the institutional quality, first of all, for their economic growth. Unlike prior studies of this kind whose periods are limited up until 2010, which may not fully explain the phenomenon because it was since 2010 that FDI inflows into the developing countries in this region has been increasing dramatically, this study extends the analysis period to 2017 to include the period of FDI surge. In this respect, this study can contribute to the literature.
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황-시트랄 공중합체의 합성 및 리튬-황 전지용 양극 소재로의 응용
노국윤(Guk Yun Noh),박소현(So Huyn Park),이지목(Ji Mok Lee),김병각(Byoung Gak Kim),석정돈(Jungdon Suk),김동균(Dong-Gyun Kim),김용석(Yong Seok Kim) 한국고분자학회 2019 폴리머 Vol.43 No.2
리튬-황 전지는 지난 십여 년간 많은 관심 속에 연구되었지만, 장기적으로 전지 성능 저하를 야기하는 폴리설파이드 용출 문제가 여전히 당면 과제로 남아있다. 본 논문에서는 천연물 유래인 시트랄에 역가황 반응을 통하여 리튬-황 전지에 적용 가능한 효과적인 양극 활 물질을 제조하였다. 역가황 반응 시, 원소 황과 시트랄의 당량비를 조절하여 78-93%의 높은 황 함유랑을 갖는 황-시트랄 공중합체를 합성하였다. 특히, 89%의 황 함유량을 갖는 황-시트랄 공중합체를 양극 활 물질로 적용한 리튬-황 전지는 폴리설파이드 용출이 제한됨을 확인하였고, 그에 따라 우수한 용량 유지율을 보였다. 이는 공중합체에 존재하는 미반응 원소 황이 적을뿐 아니라, 전해액에 불용성인 긴 폴리설파이드 사슬의 함량이 높기 때문이다. Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have been of particular interest over the last decade but the long-term problem of polysulfide elution that causes deterioration of cell performance remains a challenge. Herein, an effective cathode active material applicable to LSBs was prepared through the inverse vulcanization reaction of citral, a natural product. During the inverse vulcanization reaction, a sulfur-citral copolymer (SCPs) having a high sulfur content of 78-93% was prepared by controlling the equivalence ratio of elemental sulfur and citral. In particular, LSBs, in which a sulfur-citral copolymer having a sulfur content of 89% was applied as a cathode active material, were confirmed to have limited polysulfide elution, and thus showed excellent capacity retention. This is attributed to the large content of electrolyte-insoluble long polymer chains as well as low content of unreacted elemental sulfur presented in polymer chain.
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이성욱(Seong Wook Lee),이진영(Jinyoung Lee),최환석(Hwan Seok Choi),이세호(Se Ho Lee),김동균(Dong-Gyun Kim),유영재(Youngjae Yoo),김용석(Yong Seok Kim),김병각(Byoung Gak Kim) 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.5
폴리페닐렌설파이드(PPS)는 뛰어난 열적 안정성, 우수한 기계적 물성, 내화학성, 치수 안정성 등의 특성 때문에 전기, 전자, 정밀기기 등의 분야에 쓰이고 있다. 타 엔지니어링 플라스틱에 비해 가볍고 물성이 우수하기 때문에 산업 여러 분야에서 금속 대체 소재로 적용되고 있다. 그러나 유동성이 떨어진다는 단점이 있고, 이것을 향상시키려는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 PPS의 유동성 향상을 위해 코어 구조는 PPS와 유사한 diphenyl thioether이고 양 말단에는 ether 결합 또는 amide 결합을 갖는 유동조절제를 합성하였다. 유동성 향상 정도는 microcompounder 를 이용하여 PPS와 첨가제를 3분 동안 mixing한 후 spiral 시편을 제작하여 확인하였고, 토크는 v 1.5 microcompounder 프로그램을 사용하여 측정하였다. Disc 시편을 제작하여 점도를 측정하였으며, 유동조절제의 구조에 따른 유변특성 관계를 분석하였다. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is used for electronic devices, precision equipments, and various fields because of its outstanding properties such as thermal stability, mechanical properties, chemical stability and dimensional stability. Also, it is lightweight and has better mechanical properties than other engineering plastics so it can substitute metals in many industries. However, there are a few studies on the improvement of flowability of PPS and it is extremely difficult to understand how the additives affect the fluidity. In this study, several flow modifiers were designed and synthesized. Their core structure was diphenyl thioether, which was flanked by ether or amide bonds. Flowability was confirmed by preparing spiral specimens after mixing PPS and additives for 3 min using a microcompounder. Torque was measured by v 1.5 microcompounder program. Disc specimens were prepared and their viscosity was measured. The relationships between the flowability and the structure of flow modifiers were analyzed.
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