2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol과 그 ester 合成 및 應用에 관한 硏究

金明運 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1975 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

植物生長調性物質로 알려진 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol의 合成, 確認定量法 및 微生物生長에 미치는 影響을 실험한 이 연구에서 o-methoxyphenol에 대한 nitro 化는 濃窒酸이나 混酸을 사용한 合成보고가 있으나 醋酸을 사용한 방법으로는 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol뿐만 아니라 中間生成物인 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenylacetate를 合成할 수 있었고 benzoic acid와의 ester化도 可能하였다. 確認定量法으로서는 -NH₂基를 diazo化하는 방법으로 NO₂基를 還元하고 이것을 常法으로 diazo化 하므로써 相對誤差±0.97% 範圍에서 定量할 수 있었다. 동시에 methoxy基는 pregl의 微量分析法을 이용하여 相對誤差 ±0.59% 範圍에서 定量이 可能하였다. 吸光度光法에 있어서는 이 化合物의 酸解離定數를 구할 수 있었고 pH의 影響, 緩衝夜의 吸光度에 대한 影響및 吸收極大波長을 測定하여10∼50ppm 濃度에서 Beer의法則이 적용됨을 알 수 있었다. 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol의 微生物生長에 미치는 影響은 Staphylococcus aureus에 대하여 低濃度에서 促進性을 보였고 0.6r 전후에서 가장 效果的이었다. 그리고 Hansenula anomala의 醱酵性도 促進하였고 4,000培부터 6,000培에서 가장 높았다. 本硏究는 産學財團의 支援으로 이루워진 것을 眞心으로 感謝하는 바이다. The synthesis of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was investigated and its identification was made by its chemical properties, macro analysis and its growth regulative ability on several microorganisms. The results were as follows: 1. 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was prepared by the acetylation of o-methoxyphenol with acetic acid and the nitration of 2-methoxy-5-nitro-phenylacetate. 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenyl was prepared by the esterification with benzonic acid. 2. The identification and determination of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was made by the diazo method and determination of the methoxy radical. 3. The ionization constant(Ka) of acid for this substance at 262mμ,344mμand 412mμwas 7.94×?? (Ka= 7.94×?? ) 4. The wave lengths for maximum absorption of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol in chloroform were 297μand 335mμ. 5. The wave lengths for maximum absorption of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol in an aqueous solution were 321mμ,412mμ, and 383mμ. The changes in the absorption curve for the pH values are shown in Fig. 4.The isos bestic points were discovered at 280mμ and 383mμ. 6. The mixture,in which 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was contained, was thoroughly soluble in chlroform below pH 6 but transferred completely into a water phase above pH 12.The transmittance percentage of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol increased with the third extractions. 7. The wavelengths of the buffer solutions were not affected above 250mμ.The determination of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was possible without the influence of time on absorption as shown in figure 11 and Figure 12 at level raging 10ppm to 50ppm. 8. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited to some extent by 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol at concentrations of 6×10²r. It did not inhibit Staphylococcus aureus in more diluted concentrations. At a concentration of about 0.6r 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol showed growth promotive properties of Staphylococcus aureus. 9. The growth promotive ability of a solution containing, o-nitrophenol, p-nitrophenol, 2, 4-dinitrophenol and 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol was greater than the 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol solution. 10. The fermentation ability of Hansenula anomala was promoted by 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol and increased at dilution levels ranging 1×4000 to 7×1000.

실내환경에서의 미생물 오염도 평가 및 정도관리 방안

김명운 한국실내환경학회 2012 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Microbial parameters of indoor air containing systematic, random, and accidental error were analyzed statistically by the water quality control guidelines to suggest a guideline of indoor air. Samples were collected from 20 subway stations of Seoul Metropolitan City. Systematic errors resulted from sampling devices were checked and removed by using same devices and flow rate check. Another source of systematic error resulted from different testing personals were assessed and qualified by proficiency test. Increase of replicate sample numbers could minimize random errors and use of geometric mean instead of arithmetic mean gave more statically reliable representative values for microbial parameters. Considerations for the culture media, colony counting results with incubation time, and statement of supplemented statistical data were also suggested.

稻熱病 抵抗性에 關한 硏究

金明運,盧愼圭,白壽鳳,李成泰,任文淳,朴澤奎,李麗夏 건국대학교 1974 學術誌 Vol.17 No.1

This study was made to investigate the degree of rice blast disease developing in various plants and also the relationship between the disease developing and the amount of content of nutrients in rice plants which were differently dressed. Possibility for culture of rice-blast race was studied and the structure of infected leaves were observed by electron microscope. 1) The varieties sampled, Pung-kwang, Jin-heung, Pal-tal, Pung-ok and Tong-il, were seeded and cultivated in pots. When fifth or sixth leaf emerged, the races of blast T,C,N were innoculated in all varieties. In dressing test Pung-ok, which leas susceptible to blast, was dressed with nitrogen fertilizer in ordinary and twofold and in none-dressing or dressing of silicon fertilizer. When the fifth or sixth leaf was appeared, races T, C, N was innoculated in each varieties of pot. In all experiment the degree of infection was checked out according to the order of leaf, and at the same time, the relationship between the degree of disease developing and the contents of nutrients by determining the total nitrogen, total sugar, phosphoric acid, kalium, silicon dioxide soluble nitrogen and soluble sugar was studied. The occurance of symptom was relatively frequent in upper primary or secondary leaf in all varieties regardless of the kind of fertilizers or their dressing amount. Comparing the occurrencies of disease development in examined varieties, Jin heung was lowest and Pung-ok was highest, while Tong-il was completely free from the infection of the disease. The race T-type attacked most seriously the varieties of Jin-heung, Pal-Tal and Pung-kwang except Pung-ok, C-type was moderate and N-type was very weak in Pung-ok. In the amount of dressing, the occurance of disease was very rare in the rice plant of N-ordinary-silicon fertilizer dressed and frequent in that of nitrogen fertilizer-twofold-and-silicon fertilizer none dressed. The disease developing differed with the races, indicating T-type was most poweful, C-type moderate while N-type was weak. In the interaction between the contents of nutrients in riceplant and the degree of disease developing, Pung-ok, which was very abundant in nitrogen, phosporic acid, glutamic acid, asp artic acid glutamine, asparagine, cystine, serine and sucrose but little in sugar, kalium and silicondioxide, was most susceptible to the disease. Jin-heung, resistant one, was opposite to Pung-ok in all aspects. As a result there was a correlation between the kind or amount of nutrients in rice plant and the disease attack. According to the amount of dressed fertilizer, the rice plant dressed in N-twofold and silicon dioxide none dressed had the larger amounts of total nitrogen, phosphoric acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and gldtamine but little in sugar and silicon dioxide contents. While in the rice plant dressed with N-ordinary and silicon fertilizer. the tendancy of disease occuring was low respectively. 2) The study on the cultivation of race T,C,N in the media added such organic acid as succinic acid, valeric acid, malic acid, ketoglutaric acid and such phenolic chlorogenic acid and salicylic acid was made. The result of which was as follow: ① There were no differences in growth of T,C,N type races. ② In the media added organic acid the growth was favorable. ③ In the media added chlorogenic acid the growth was promoted but in the one added salicylic acid the growth was inhibited. 3) The morphological changes of the infected waves alls the structure of hypha of blast which had penetrated into the leaf cell of Pung-ok, which was susceptible one to the disease, was observed by electric microscope. The following facts were found. ① In healthy leaves normal nucleus, mitohcondria, chloroplast, entoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and cytoplasm, especially round substances, were chearly observed by electron microspcope. ② In the infected leaves, the space of the nucleus double memberance was enlarged, and some of the nucleu walls were destroyed. The thinlayer structure of glanalamelae in lamela system was enlarged, somewhere spates were appeared while stromas were disappeared. In mitochondria the spaces of the double membrance were enlarged. ③ Cytoplasm of cell which were attacked by hypha was completely destroyed and the hypha lost their normal structure. ④ In the structure of hypha which penetrated into the cell wall of epidermis, nucleus, mitochondria, round ectoplasmic reticulum, vacuole and substances were clearly observed.

조직범죄에 대한 대응책과 현행 근거법령에 대한 고찰

김명운 한국비교형사법학회 2003 비교형사법연구 Vol.5 No.2

소양호 수중 생태계에서의 세균 생체물질량의 분포

김명운,강찬수,김상종 한국미생물학회 1989 미생물학회지 Vol.27 No.2

소양호에서 측정된 세균 체적, 세균 생물량 및 세균 생산량 등의 미생물학적인 요인의 변화에 미치는 물리화학적 환경요인의 영향을 통계학적 방법으로 분석을 하였다. 상관관계 분석과 중회귀 분석 결과 수온은 대부분의 미생물학적 요인에 폭넓은 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다. 총 세균수, 세균 체적, 세균 생물 량 및 saprophyte 수외 변화는 엽록소 a와 pheophytin a의 존재와 높은 상관관계를, $^{3}H$-thymidine incorporation rate에 의해 측정된 세균 생산량은 seston의 농도에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었다. 소양호 수중생태계에서의 세균 체적 및 세균 생물량의 미생물학적 요인은 미생물 군집에게 탄소와 에너지원으로 작용하는 유기물질의 제공원인 식물성 플랑크톤의 분포와 seston의 농도에 의해 조절되고 있음을 시사하여 준다. Microbiological parameters such as bacterial biovolume and biomass in Soyang Reservoir was statistically analyzed with the physico-chemical enviromental factors. Analysis of correlation and multiple regression showed that temperature affects most of microbiological parameters. Variations of total bacterial number, total bacterial biovolume and saprophyte number were highly correlatd with the concentrations of chlorophyll a and pheophytin a. Bacterial production by the $^{3}H$-thymidine incorporation rate was largely affected by Seston. It suggests that microbiological factors such as bacterial biovolume and bacterial biomass were controled by the concentration of seston and distribution of phytoplankton which acts as carbon and energy source for the bacterial community in the water column of Soyang Reservoir.

韓國産 Zeolite에 관한 硏究 : 化學組成과 X-線 回折 Chemical Composition and X-Ray Diffraction

金明運 建國大學校附設 農業資源開發硏究所 1976 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

韓國産 Zeolite(九龍浦産)의 化學的 組成 및 X-線紛末回折分析法에 의한 Zeolite의 分類에 關해서 다음과 같이 要約한다. 1) 化學組成 으로 볼 때 高 siilica 型의 Zeolite임을 알 수 있다. 2) X-線紛末回折로 區分하면 clinoptilolite群의 Zeolite 로서 比較的 純度가 높다. The chemical composition and the classification by X-Ray diffraction analysis of Korean zeolite are summarize as follows. 1) It is zeolite of high silica type as the chemical composition level. 2) It is high purity and belong to clinoptilolite group by X-Ray diffraction analysis.

環境汚染防止에 關한 硏究 : I. Effect of Decreased Uptake of Cadmium by Calcium Hydroxide Application Ⅰ. 消石灰 施用에 依한 Cadmium(Cd)吸收 輕減效果

金明運 건국대학교 1981 學術誌 Vol.25 No.1

This experiment was carried out to investigate decreasing effect of the slaked line application to the rolluted paddy soil on the cadmium uptake by rice plant. The results obtained are as follows. 1.By the increased application of calcium hydroxide, the content of cadmium in leaves and stem and brown rice were decreased. 2.A highly significant positive correlation (r = 0.981**) was found between the content of cadmium in cormus and brown rice. 3.Application amount of calcium hydroxide to decrease content of cadmium in brown rice below 0.4ppm were 142.7kg/10a, 623.9kg/10a at 1.5ppm and 5.4ppm concentration of cadmium in soils respectively. 4.Negative correlations were found between the pH in soil solution and the content of cadmium in brown rice. There was significant in early growing stage, but significant at harvesting period. 5.The higher grain yield was obtained by applying with increasing levels of the calcium hydroxide.

Thin-Layer Chromatography 에 依한 O-Methoxyphenol의 Nitro 化合物 分離에 關한 硏究

金明運 건국대학교 1971 學術誌 Vol.12 No.1

To separate for nitro compounds of o-methxyphenol (2-methxy-3-nitrophenol, 2-methoxy-4-nitrophenol, 2-metro x y-5-nitrophenol, 2-m et hoxy-6-nitrophenol) by the Thin-Layer Chromatography applied developing solvent of 11 kinds in this experiment, that is, chloroform, cyclohexane, benzen, urea, ammonium, hydroxid solution, n-butanol, pyridine, chloroform: cyclohexane, chloroform : benzene, pyridine: benzene and pyridine: n-butanol. The suitable solvents of 11 kinds of solvents were as follows : A.Single solvent chloroform, benzene, urea, n-butanol, B.Mixed solvent 1.chloroform : cyclohexane=9 : 1 2.chloroform : benzene=9 : 1 chloroform : benzene=8 : 2 chloroform : benzene=7 : 3 chloroform : benzene=6 : 4 chloroform : benzene==5 : 5 3.pyridine : benzene=1 : 9 pyridine : benzene=3 : 7 pyridine : benzene=4 : 6 4.pyridine : n-butanol=1-9 : 9-1

국내 인증 공기청정기 시험결과의 통계적 분석

김명운 한국냄새환경학회 2020 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Statistical analysis for the 703 air purifiers certified by Korea Air Cleaning Association from 2003 to 2019 was performed. Sixty-one percent of the products had an area coverage of 15 m2~30 m2 and the median value of the total products was 37.6 m2. The number of certified products by the top five manufacturers was 325, which corresponds to 46.2% of the total products. The median value of the clean air delivery rate (CADR) of the 703 products was 4.8 m3/min but the number of air purifiers over the value increased to 62.5%~66.3% since 2018. The odor removal ratio showed a median of 86.0% which was higher than the certification criteria but had large differences in efficacy in the five test compounds. Removal efficiencies of each compound in terms of the median and ratio to the average value showed acetate > formaldehyde > toluene > ammonia > acetaldehyde in descending order with large variances. The median noise level average value from five positions of air purifiers was 47.7 dB(A). However the medians of the top position and the front, where purified air was vented out, were relatively higher in 49.8 dB(A) and 48.2 dB(A), respectively. Noise level ratio to noise criteria had a median value of 96.4%, which showed that most of the noise levels were distributed near the criteria limit. The probability of the noise level at 100% of the criteria was calculated ton 0.232, which indicated excess noise levels.

韓國産 Zeolite에 關한 硏究

金明運 건국대학교 1978 學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

It is determinated cation exchange capacity, chemical composition and classified by X-ray diffraction analysis. And then Chryanthemum was cultivated in soil mixed with zeolite, with vermiculite, with zeolite and vermiculite together and in non-treated soil. The results were as follow ; 1) Korean zeolite is high silica type, higher in cation exchange capacity. 2) It belong to clinoptilolits and mordenite group, and is high purity. 3) The coil mixed with zeolite and vermiculite together is more effective. 4) In soil mixed with clay minerals 3% or 5%, its growth is effective.