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김명덕,김성수,차현영,장승훈,장다영,김욱환,서해영,이재호 생화학분자생물학회 2014 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.46 No.-
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been reported to be beneficial for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Here, we investigated the use of genetically engineered MSCs that overexpress hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) as a means to improve their therapeutic effect in liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine. HGF-secreting MSCs (MSCs/HGF) were prepared by transducing MSCs with an adenovirus carrying HGF-encoding cDNA. MSCsor MSCs/HGF were injected directly into the spleen of fibrotic rats. Tissue fibrosis was assessed by histological analysis 12 days after stem cell injection. Although treatment with MSCs reduced fibrosis, treatment with MSCs/HGF produced a more significant reduction and was associated with elevated HGF levels in the portal vein. Collagen levels in the liver extract were decreased after MSC/HGF therapy, suggesting recovery from fibrosis. Furthermore, liver function was improved in animalsreceiving MSCs/HGF, indicating that MSC/HGF therapy resulted not only in reduction of liver fibrosis but also in improvement of hepatocyte function. Assessment of cell and biochemical parameters revealed that mRNA levels of the fibrogenic cytokines PDGF-bb and TGF-b1 were significantly decreased after MSC/HGF therapy. Subsequent to the decrease in collagen, expression of matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), MMP-13, MMP-14 and urokinase-type plasminogen activator was augmented following MSC/HGF, whereas tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-1 (TIMP-1) expression was reduced. In conclusion, therapy with MSCs/HGF resulted in an improved therapeutic effect compared with MSCs alone, probably because of the anti-fibrotic activity of HGF. Thus, MSC/HGF represents a promising approach toward a cell therapy for liver fibrosis.
마우스의 실험적 갑상선염에 대한 Methimazole 의 면역억제 효과에 관한 연구
김명덕,김철우,김용일,조보연,이홍규,고창순,임성희,이동수,서은희 대한내과학회 1987 대한내과학회지 Vol.32 No.1
To examine the effect of methimazole (1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole) on the autoimmune thyroid disease, experimental immune thyroiditis was induced in the good responder strains of C3H mouse bearing H-2k allele by immunization with human thyroglobulin in complete Freund`s adjuvant (CFA). Purified thyroglobulin was obtained by ultracentrifugation and column chromatography of human thyroid tissue. Total number of mice was 89 and they were divided into 5 groups as follows: group 1; normal controls, group 2; immunized controls, groups 3; immunized mice given methimazole and ι-thyroxine, group 4; immunized mice given methimazole only, group 5; immunized mice given ι-thyroxine only. Antihuman thyroglobulin antibody was measured weekly by hemagglutination test with tanned hemagglutination kit (Fuzizoki Co., Japan). Histopathologic changes of thyroid gland were examined at the 4th, 6th and the 8th week. The results were summarized as followings: 1) Experimental thyroiditis developed by immunization with human thyroglobulin in CFA and the main histopathologic features were mononuclear cell infiltration and follicular destruction. The histopathologic changes were most severe at the 8th week after immunization. 2) In group 2 antithyroglobulin antibody began to appear 2 weeks after immunization and the titers rose from 1:80² at the 4th week to 1:320²-640² at the 8th week of the experiment. 3) In group 3 and group 4, the histopathologic changes were significantly milder than that of group 2 at the 8th week of experiment. But no significant histopathologic differences were noted between group 5 and group 2. Also, no significant histopathologic differences were found between group 3 and group 4. 4) Antithyroglobulin antibody titers of group 3 were significantly lower than those of group 2 at the 7th and the 8th week. But there were no significant differences in antithyroglobulin antibody titers among group 4, group 5 and group 2. From the above observations, it is assumed that methimazole has an immunosuppressive effect on the experimental thyroiditis of the mouse, irrespective of functional state of thyroid.
분자육종을 통한 조건불리지역 친환경 산업용 고구마 개발 전략
김명덕,안영옥,김윤희,김차영,이증주,정재철,이행순,목일진 한국식물생명공학회 2009 식물생명공학회지 Vol.36 No.3
The food self-support rate on the basis of cereals in Korea is approximately 27%, which will threaten the national food security. The dramatic increase in population accompanied by rapid industrialization in developing countries has caused imbalances in the supply of food and energy. To cope with these global crises over food and energy supplies as well as environmental problems, it is urgently required to develop new environmentally friendly industrial crop varieties to be grown on marginal lands including desertification areas for sustainable development. Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) ranks seventh in annual production among food crops in the world. Its wide adaptability on marginal lands and rich nutritional content provide a high potential for preventing malnutrition and enhancing food security in the developing countries. In addition, sweetpotato can be developed as a bioreactor to produce valuable industrial materials including bio-ethanol, functional feed and antioxidants by molecular breeding. In this respect, we focus on the molecular breeding of sweetpotato with multi-function on marginal lands. The strategies for development of environmentally friendly industrial sweetpotato will be introduced and discussed. 향후 예상되는 세계 식량대란에 대비하기 위하여 생명 공학기술을 이용한 ‘조건 불리지역에 적합한 친환경 산 업용 고구마 개발’에 대한 전략을 기술하였다. 저자들은 조건 불리지역에 잘 자라면서 바이오에탄올, 기능성 가 축사료, 항산화물질 등 각종 산업소재를 한 품종에서 모 두 생산하는 고구마 개발을 목표로 하고 있다. 특히 환경 위해성과 인체위해성을 극복할 수 있는 intragenic vector 를 이용하여 국내외 조건 불리지역에서 고부가가치 산업 소재를 생산하는 고구마를 개발하면 21세기 인류가 당면 한 환경문제, 식량문제, 에너지문제, 보건문제 해결에 크 게 할 것으로 기대된다. 이를 위해서는 국내외 연구자들 과 협력하여 해당지역의 적합한 유전자원을 선발하여 첨 단 생명공학기술을 이용하여 산업용 고구마를 개발할 필 요가 있다.
애기장대(Arabidopsis thaliana)의 현탁배양세포괴로부터 식물체 재분화
김명덕,김준철,진창덕,임창진,한태진 한국식물생명공학회 1998 식물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.3
기내에서 발아시킨 애기장대(Arabidopsis thaliana)의 잎과 줄기 절편체로부터 캘러스 유도는, 잎절편체의 경우 2mg/L 2,4-D가 첨가된 MS 고체배지에서 유도되었고, 줄기절편체의 경우는 0.5mg/L 2,4-D와 0.1mg/L BAP가 첨가된 CP 고체배지에서 배양 4주 후 다량의 캘러스가 유도되었다. 유도된 캘러스를 잘게 자르고 0.5mg/L 2,4-D와 0.1mg/L BAP가 첨가된 CP 액체배지에서 7일 간격으로 암조건에서 4개월간 배양하였을 때 균일한 shoot-forming(SF)캘러스를 얻을 수 있었다. 액체배지에서 유도된 SF 세포괴는 0.05 mg/L IAA, 7.0mg/L 2-iP, 30g/L sucrose가 첨가된 MS 재분화배지에서 광조건으로 배양하였을 때 캘러스를 거쳐 녹화되기 시작하였으며 배양 4주 후부터는 전체적으로 녹화된 SF캘러스로부터 shoot가 형성되어 식물체 재분화가 가능하였다. 또한 재분화 배지에 옮겼을 때 IAA와 2-iP가 첨가된 배지에서 50% 이상의 shoot 형성률(SF 캘러스당 한 개 이상의 shoot가 형성된 캘러스의 백분율)을 보였다. 절단된 shoot는 호르몬이 첨가되지 않은 배지에서 4주 후 뿌리를 형성하였으며, 재분화된 식물체는 기내에서 6주 후부터 화뢰가 형성되고 꽃이 피기 시작하였다. Callus induction from leaf and stem explants of Arabidopsis thaliana was successfully obtained when leaf explants were cultured on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D in the dark and also, when stem explants were cultured on CP medium containing 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L BAP. Explant-derived sliced calli were suspension-subcultured every week in CP liquid medium with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1 mg/L BAP in the dark, and shoot-forming cell clusters of nodular, pale yellow and knobby type were selected after 7-8 weeks of culture. Shoots were initiated from the green spots of the selected shoot forming calli cultured on MS regeneration medium containing 0.05 mg/L IAA, 7.0 mg/L 2-iP and 30 g/L sucrose under continous illumination for four weeks. Shoot regeneration frequency (calli regenerating at least one shoot) was more than 50%. For plant regeneration, excised shoots were trnasferred to hormone free medium for root initiation after 4 weeks of culture. The regenerants were bolting after 2 weeks of culture and formed in vitro flowering buds within bracts after 4 weeks of culture.