나라꽃 무궁화 품종중 가로수용, 분화용 및지피용으로 조경적 활용도가 높은 품종 선정

강호철 ( Ho Chul Kang ),김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ),하유미 ( Yoo Mi Ha ) 한국전통조경학회(구 한국정원학회) 2016 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 조경수용 무궁화 우수품종 보급을 위한 유전자원 수집과 특성을 평가하기 위해 최근 국내외에서 육성된 127품종의 1년생접목묘를 이용하여 2014년부터 2015년까지 2년 동안 생육 및 형태적 특성조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 품종 중 키가 큰 가로수 및 독립수용품종, 왜성형 분화 및 지피용 품종 등을 선정하여 무궁화를 조경수로 활용도를 높이는데 기여하고자 하였으며 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 최근 국내외에서 육성된 나라꽃 무궁화 품종들의 생육특성을 조사하기 위해 먼저 접목 1년생 수고를 조사한 결과 20~120cm까지다양하게 나타났다. 무궁화 ``주몽``과 ``홍가로수``, 종간교잡종 Hibiscus hybrid ``Daewangchun``, ``Daeil``, ``Lohengrin``, ``Jina``, ``Yeonam`` 등이 키가 100cm 이상으로 가장 큰 품종으로 조사되었다. 최근 국내외에서 육성된 무궁화 127품종 중 조경적 활용가치가 높은 교목성 가로수로이용할 수 있는 품종은 무궁화 ``주몽``과 ``홍가로수``, 종간교잡종 Hibiscus hybrid ``Daewangchun``, Hibiscus hybrid ``Daeil``, Hibiscus hybrid ``Lohengrin``, Hibiscus hybrid ``Jina``, Hibiscus hybrid ``Yeonam`` 등이 있었다. 분화 및 분재용으로 이용할 수 있는 왜성형 품종으로는 ``Red Heart``, ``백령도``, 종간교잡종 ``진선``, ``꼬마``, ``여천``, ``야음`` 등이 있었으며, 키가 30cm 미만의 아주 작은 품종으로는 ``안동``, ``청조``, ``Lil Kim`` 등이 포함되었다. 수고가 작은 왜성형으로 가지의 생장이 아래로 향하는 ``탐라``, ``Melrose``, ``비단``, ``하이리``, ``별이``, ``병화``, ``미백``, ``한양``, ``청암``, ``Lil Kim Violet``, ``종무``, ``은하수``, 종간교잡종 Hibiscus hybrid ``Saehanseo``와 Hibiscus hybrid ``Yousoon``은 화단 및 지피용소재로 이용가치가 높았다. This study was carried out to characterize 127 recently developed cultivars of Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus spp.) in Korea and foreign Countries for landscape uses. The examined factors were growth characteristics such as tree height of a 1-year grafted plant(cm), plant type, growth habit, leaf characteristics such as shape and size, flower characteristics such as color, shape, size, and red eye during 2014 and 2015 for landscape uses. The results are obtained as follows; Hibiscus hybrid ``Daewangchun``, ``Daeil``, ``Lohengrin``, ``Yeonam``, ``Joomong``, ``Jina``, and H. syriacus ``Honggarosu`` had vigorous shoot growth and tall tree size of 100cm. New Hibiscus cultivars, Hibiscus hybrid ``Daewangchun`` and ``Daeil``, having vigorous growth, uniform plant habit, upright, and compact branches were developed through interspecific crosses between H. syriacus ``Samchully`` (♀) and H. sinosyriacus ``Seobong`` (♂). This newly developed cultivar ``Daewangchun``, ``Daeil``, ``Lohengrin``, ``Yeonam``, ``Joomong``, ``Jina``, and H. syriacus ``Honggarosu`` having tall vigorous growth d unique flower with long red eye can be used as street tree or specimen plant in landscape. Otherwise, H. syriacus ``Tamla``, ``Melrose``, ``Bidan``, ``Hi Lea``, ``Byeollee``, ``Byunghwa``, ``Mibak``, ``Hanyang``, ``Chungam``, ``Lil Kim Violet``, ``Jongmoo``, ``Eunhasu``, Hibiscus hybrid ``Saehanseo``, and Hibiscus hybrid ``Yousoon`` were selected as small tree of 30~39cm. They had dwarf form in tree seemed to be suitable for pot or flower bed planting on both indoor and outdoor conditions. H. syriacus ``Antong``, ``Chungjo``, and ``Lil Kim`` were less than 30 cm of tree size. H. syriacus ``Antong``, ``Chungjo``, and ``Lil Kim``, characterized by its compact, upright and outwardly spreading plant habit; freely branching habit; dark green-colored leaves; good garden performance. Therefore, the new cultivars with tall and small tree size were a promising cultivar as a ground covers or pot planting as woody landscape plant.

서울지역 도시림 토양의 산성화와 완충능력 변화

김동엽,황인찬 ( Dong Yeob Kim,In Chan Hwang ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.2

Soil pH change is an important factor which determines soil chemical properties. It is an indicator of the effect of urban environmental pollution on soils and plant growth. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of air pollution on the soil of Seoul urban forests during the course of the air pollution being dipersed toward suburb area. Study sites were divided into four sections of concentric circles with 5㎞ interval. Soil samples were collected from A and B horizons in the urban forests, and analyzed for soil pH, soil buffer capacity, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. Soil pH ranged from 3.96 to 5.08 for A horizon and from 4.10 to 5.25 for B horizon, which were not significantly different among the sections. However, there was a trend of soil pH lowered at the sections close to the urban center. Soil buffer capacity was lower at 0-5㎞ and 5-10㎞ sections compared to that at the outer sections. Cation exchange capacity and base saturation were not different significantly among the sections. Following the pattern of air pollutants being dispersed from urban center to suburb, soil acidification was observed at the urban forests in Seoul area. Low level of soil buffer capacity toward the urban center was an indicator of soil acidification at the urban forests.

고각 환형 암시야 주사투과전자현미경기법과 투과전자현미경기법을 이용한 상용 청색 발광다이오드의 종합적인 구조분석

김동엽,홍순구,정태훈,이상헌,백종협,Kim, Dong-Yeob,Hong, Soon-Ku,Chung, Tae-Hoon,Lee, Sang Hern,Baek, Jong Hyeob 한국재료학회 2015 한국재료학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This study suggested comprehensive structural characterization methods for the commercial blue light emitting diodes(LEDs). By using the Z-contrast intensity profile of Cs-corrected high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope(HAADF-STEM) images from a commercial lateral GaN-based blue light emitting diode, we obtained important structural information on the epilayer structure of the LED, which would have been difficult to obtain by conventional analysis. This method was simple but very powerful to obtain structural and chemical information on epi-structures in a nanometer-scale resolution. One of the examples was that we could determine whether the barrier in the multi-quantum well(MQW) was GaN or InGaN. Plan-view TEM observations were performed from the commercial blue LED to characterize the threading dislocations(TDs) and the related V-pit defects. Each TD observed in the region with the total LED epilayer structure including the MQW showed V-pit defects for almost of TDs independent of the TD types: edge-, screw-, mixed TDs. The total TD density from the region with the total LED epilayer structure including the MQW was about $3.6{\times}10^8cm^{-2}$ with a relative ratio of Edge- : Screw- :Mixed-TD portion as 80%: 7%: 13%. However, in the mesa-etched region without the MQW total TD density was about $2.5{\times}10^8cm^{-2}$ with a relative ratio of Edge- : Screw- :Mixed-TD portion of 86%: 5%: 9 %. The higher TD density in the total LED epilayer structure implied new generation of TDs mostly from the MQW region.

정치적 기회구조와 민주주의 공고화: 필리핀 민주화의 구조적 한계

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ) 한국동남아학회 2016 동남아시아연구 Vol.26 No.2

본 논문은 필리핀에서의 민주주의 전환과정과 심화과정을 ‘정치적 기회구조’의 변화라는 관점에서 조명하고 있다. 특히 민주주의 이행과정에서 사회적 소외계층을 배려함으로써 실질적 민주주의를 성취하고자하는 의지를 1987년 필리핀헌법에 포함시킨 토지개혁, 정당비례대표제, 그리고 민다나오 무슬림 자치구에 관한 조항들이 어떻게 추진되었는지를 살펴봄으로써 필리핀 민주주의 공고화 정도를 평가해 보았다. 필리핀 민주화 과정, 특히 민주적 전환 이후 실질적 민주주의 실현을 위한 사회운동 환경을 제공하는 정치적 기회구조는 반독재 민주화투쟁 시기보다도 오히려 악화된 것을 볼 수 있다. 필리핀에서 절차적 민주주의를 넘어 실질적 민주주의를 강화함으로써 민주주의 공고화라는 목표를 달성하기 위해 제도화한 다양한 정책들이 새롭게 변화된 정치적 기회구조 속에서 제대로 실현되지 못하고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이는 필리핀 민주주의의 구조적 한계를 드러낸 것으로 향후 연구에서는 행위자 중심의 과정적 차원과 함께 보다 포괄적인 진단과 해결점을 모색해 봐야 할 것이다. This paper sheds light on the process of the Philippine democratic transition and deepening in the context of changing political opportunity structure. After the democratic transition in the Philippines special attentions were given to enhance substantial democracy as including certain programs in the 1987 Constitution. Especially the clauses such as agrarian reform program, party-list system, and autonomous region of the muslim mindanao were to achieve such goal. After the democratic transition the political opportunity structure, which provides the soil of social movement to enhance substantial democracy, seems to be deteriorated in certain aspects. As a result, various programs, which intend to enhance substantial democracy in order to consolidate the Philippine’s newly achieved procedural democracy, have not been reached to their intended goals. The Philippine case reveals the structural problem of democratic consolidation, and the stern reality of the democracy in the developing world. This study is focused only on the structural aspects, but the future studies should include the actor-centered analysis in order to come up with more comprehensive diagnosis and prescription for democratic consolidation.

필리핀 민족주의와 미군기지 철수의 재조명

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2003 東亞 硏究 Vol.- No.45

필리핀 대학교육의 역사와 현황 그리고 개혁방향

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ),정법모 ( Bub Mo Jung ) 한국동남아학회 2012 동남아시아연구 Vol.22 No.3

국가와 경제발전: 독립 이후 필리핀 경제를 중심으로

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ) 서강대학교 동아연구소 2007 東亞 硏究 Vol.- No.52

필리핀 방사모로 이슬람 정당의 장래: 라나오 델 수르의 옴피아당이 남긴 교훈을 중심으로

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ) 한국동남아학회 2014 동남아시아연구 Vol.24 No.4

This study assessed the future of the newly emerging Bangsamoro Islam political party as an outcome of the Comprehensive Agreement on Bangsamoro (CAB) signed by the Philippine Government and Moro Islamic Liberation Front. The CAB will create a semi-independent Bangsamoro government under the principle of one-state-two-systems. The Bangsamoro government will be the parliamentary system where the role of political parties becomes particularly important. Upon the backdrop of the political change, this article tried to draw a lesson from the experience of the Ompia party, which was established earlier to reform the corrupt traditional local politics in Lanao Del Sur. Upon studying, it was observed that the Ompia party failed to reform the local politics. Instead it simply followed the step of the traditional local politics by relying on the personality rather than ideology and seeking the patronage of the central politicians rather than the grass-root support. The Ulama, the leading group of the Ompia party, failed to exhibit its political capacity to deal with the secular conflict of interests. It was mainly due to the centralized political system of the Philippines, the exclusiveness of party membership structure, and the socioeconomic condition of the constituencies. Despite the failure of the Ompia party, it is undeniable that the Ulama is the only democratic alternative to the corrupted traditional local politics in the newly emerging Bangasamoro politics. The CAB would provide a different political environment that the Ompia party should have adjusted. Based on the lesson from the case of Ompia party, the newly emerging Bangsamoro Islam political party should capitalize this opportunity to establish the mass based democratic party structure, and to promote the socioeconomic development of the constituencies.

직접적인 벌채로 인한 미국 사시나무림내 양분의 분포 , 순환 및 가용성의 변화

김동엽 ( Dong Yeob Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.4

Aspen demand has increased recently in the Great Lakes region in the United States. Since aspen has moved into the region in late 1800`s, its growing stock has increased so as to change forestry industry of the Lake States. Intensive timber harvesting and biomass removal may cause nutrient depletion, especially on nutrient-poor sites. Forest nutrients and nutrient cycling were investigated in aspen stands of 7-10, 27-33, and 41-42 year-old growing on sandy soils in Minnesota. Nutrients added to the aspen stands by atmospheric deposition and soil weathering were efficiently absorbed and stored in the tree biomass. Aboveground biomass increased from 24.4 t·ha^(-1) at young stands to 139.2 t·ha^(-1) at mature stands. Nutrients accumulated in the tree biomass showed same magnitude of difference. Nutrients added to the site through atmospheric deposition were in the order of Ca, N, K, Mg, and P. Annual litterfall was greater in older stands. However, the amount of nutrients returned by litterfall was not significantly different among stand ages due to the greater nutrient contents in the litterfall of young stands. Litter decomposition and nutrient release rates were greater at young stands than at older stands. Likewise, nutrient availability was higher in young aspen stands and became lower as the stands grew older. Nutrient leaching loss was minimal at all stand ages. Soil N mineralization was greater at young stands than at older stands. Nutrient cycling process was facilitated in young aspen stands with an increased level of available nutrients, Based on the estimations of nutrient balance and nutrient removal by harvesting, Ca was the most critical element which was likely to be depleted if aspen stands are intensively harvested with short rotations.

대기오염물질의 산림생태계내 유입과 토양의 화학적 특성 변화

김동엽(Dong Yeob Kim),유정환(Jung Hwan Ryu),채지석(Ji Seok Chae),차순형(Soon Hyung Cha) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.1

Environmental pollution has recently been progressed in the metropolitan and industrial areas of Korea and concerns have been evolved against the chronic effects of the pollution on natural ecosystem. This study was carried out to investigate the environmental pollution impacts on ion input into forest ecosystems and soil environmental changes. Study plots were established at Seoul, Ulsan, Yeochon, and Seosan for pollution sites and at Pyungchang for a non-pollution site. Atmospheric deposition was measured with rain, throughfall, and stem flow samples collected in the forest areas. Soil chemical properties were investigated to compare the pollution impacts on the sites. Precipitation acidity in the metropolitan and industrial areas ranged from pH 4.5 to 5.5, showing the levels lower than pH 5.8 of mountain area. Ion concentrations in the precipitation had increased significantly while passing the crown layer in the metropolitan and industrial areas, showing the increase by 4 times at the maximum. Total ion input in the metropolitan and industrial areas was greater than that in mountain area by approximately 2-3 times. Soil acidification caused by acidic ion input seemed to be greatest at Seoul, showing pH 1 decrease compared to that of Pyungchang. Soil canon contents were relatively high in the metropolitan and industrial areas. Although the canon leaching loss was not apparent, soil acidification process seemed to be continued by acidic ion input. Environmental pollution in the metropolitan and industrial areas exerted changes in ion input into the forest ecosystems and soil conditions. The chronic effects of environmental pollution should be monitored and investigated further to explain the processes of ecosystem change and the impacts on plant growth.