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행동요법 : 회고와 전망 retrospect and prospect
김남성 성균관대학교 인문과학연구소 1982 人文科學 Vol.11 No.1
This study focuses on the problematic issues of traditional behavior modification (from J.B. Watson to B.F. Skinner) and on the prospect of reconstructing approach of behavior modification. The issues are confirmed by 1) the problem from single learning paradigm, which is resulted from the controlled laboratory experiments using animal subjects, not treating covert cognitive functions but only overt behaviors in modification, 2) the problem from the viewpoint of personal passive adaptation to social environment, disregarding human active abilities to select adequately their own environment matching their behavioral repertoire, in clinical treatment and education, 3) ethical problem in which human behaviors are controlled to modify by authoritative therapists, excluding democratic decision-making by reciprocity between therapists and clients, 4) the problem from conflict between behaviorism and humanistic psychology, which variable of personal contribution and external environment is potent to change human behaviors and which part of humanistic ends such as dignity, right, and freedom and behavioral means for changing behaviors should be stressed in psychology. Cognitive-behavioral intervention is prospected as a desirable and promising approach to solve the problems. Cognitive-behavioral modification was theorized and exemplified in this study.