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토카막 장치에서 자석 구조물의 조립에 관한 검토 KSTAR TF
김경민(K.M.Kim),최창호(C.H.Choi),홍권희(K.H.Hong),양형렬(H.L.Yang),유인근(I.K.Yu),허남일(N.I.Her),사정우(G.H.Kim),김학근(S.T.Kim),김근홍(H.T.Kim),김상태(J.S.Yang),김홍택(J.S.Bak),양진석(C.H.Kim),박주식(P.Z.Shick),김재호(J. Z. Kim) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
TF magnet structures are the main structural components in the KSTAR magnet systems to protect<br/> the superconducting coils from mechanical, electrical, and thermal loads. TF coil structure supports CS<br/> and PF coil system. The inter-coil structure contains adjustable shear keys and conical bolts to provide<br/> pre-loading in toroidal direction and to resist against in-plane and out-of-plane forces that are the most<br/> critical loads on the TF magnet system. The conical bolts and shear keys are specially designed to<br/> assemble easily and to provide a convenient accommodation for a good alignment. The connection plate<br/> that is one of the prototype fabrications had been manufactured to study adjustability of conical bolts<br/> and shear keys for assembly of TF coil structure. We could measure the misalignments at the keyways<br/> and conical holes with the misalignment measuring instrument.
유전알고리즘을 이용한 비균일 하중을 받는 구조물의 지지 위치 최적화 연구
김근홍(G.H. Kim),이영신(Y.S. Lee),김학근(H.K. Kim),허남일(N.I. Her),사정우(J.W. Sa),양형렬(H.L. Yang),김병철(B.C. Kim),박주식(J.S. Bak) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
It is important to determine supporting locations for structural stability of a structure under non-uniform<br/> load in space interfered by other parts. In this case, There are many local optima with discontinuous design<br/> space. Therefore, The traditional optimization methods based on derivative are not suitable. Whereas, Genetic<br/> algorithm(GA) based on stochastic search technique is a very robust and general method. This paper has been<br/> presented to determine supporting locations of the vertical supports for reducing stress of the KSTAR(Korea<br/> super Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) IVCC(In-vessel control coil) under non-uniform<br/> electromagnetic load and space interfered by other parts using genetic algorithm. For this study, we develop a<br/> program combining finite element analysis with a genetic algorithm to perform structural analysis of IVCC. In<br/> addition, this paper presents a technique to perform optimization with FEM when design variables are trapped<br/> in an incongruent design space.
역류성 식도염에서의 이진탕가미방(二陳湯加味方)의 효과에 대한 문헌적 고찰
김근홍 ( Keun Hong Kim ),이종호 ( Jong Ho Lee ),조종관 ( Chong Kwan Cho ),유화승 ( Hwa Seung Yoo ),이연월 ( Yeon Weol Lee ) 대전대학교 한의학연구소 2013 혜화의학회지 Vol.22 No.1
Objectives: Yijin-tang-gamibang has been used in the Korean Medicine for treating various digestive disease. This study was aimed to investigate the effects and safety of Yijin-tang-gamibang in reflux esophagitis through the analysis of articles. Method: A total of 9 articles about Yijin-tang-gamibang and reflux esophagitis were used to develop this article. Results: According to basic research and clinic research data, it is supported that Yijin-tang-gamibang was useful prescription in reflux esophagitis. Yijin-tang-gamibang has favorable protective effects on the reflux esophagitis induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation in rats. After treatment with Yijin-tang-gamibang, patients showed improvement in all symptoms associated with reflux esophagitis and functional dyspepsia, including general condition. And Yijin-tang-gamibang did not show any toxic effect in single oral dose toxicity test. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Yijin-tang-gamibang showed favorable protective effects on the reflux esophagitis. However, it proved insufficient to confirm its efficacy owing to lack of clinical studies of high quality. So, we need well designed studies to verify clinical efficacy of Yijin-tang-gamibang hereafter.
독일 수발보험 관련법의 개정과 시사점 -급여와 신 평가모듈을 중심으로-
김근홍(Kim, Keunhong) 한국노인복지학회 2020 노인복지연구 Vol.75 No.1
독일 수발보험법은 약 20여년의 준비과정을 걸쳐 사회법전 11편(SGB IV)으로 제정되면서 공식적으로 시행된 지 25년을 맞았다. 1995년 재가서비스와 부분시설서비스, 1996년에는 시설거주자 대상의 시설급여를 제공하면서 보험급여 범위를 확대시켰다. 4반세기가 지나는 동안 총 23회에 걸쳐 수발보험 관련 법률 개정이 이루어졌다. 수발보험 도입 초기에는 개정이나 추가 입법이 거의 없고, 물가 등 현실 변화를 반영하는 2002년 수발급여보완법(Pflegeleistungsergäzungsgesetz)과 2003년 보험료율 안정화법 정도의 변화가 있었다. 수발보험 시행 10년이 지나며 중기에도 개혁보다 개선 정도의 변화였다. 시행 20년 이후 수발보험법은 대대적인 개혁을 맞이하는데 총 3차례 걸친 수발강화법(Pflegestärkungsgesetz)이 대표적이다. 특히 2018년 효력이 발효된 수발직업 개혁법은 노인수발과 환자수발의 직업교육을 통합했고, 수발인력강화법을 통해 13,000명의 인원을 증원하면서 수발시설의 인력수준 적정화를 도모하였다. 수발업무 평가(NBA)도 씻기, 옷 입기, 식사 등 분단위(Minutenpflege) 평가에서 2017년부터 자립성 정도 중심으로, 그 제약이나 손상 정도를 평가하는 새 평가 모듈을 도입하였다. 본 연구에서는 독일의 수발보험 관련법 개정 추이를 한국과 비교하면서 특히 급여(보험료 포함)와 새 평가모듈을 중심으로 우리에게 시사하는 정책적 대안들을 제시해 보았다. Germany’s Care Insurance law has been officially enacted for 25 years since it was established as the 11th edition of the“Social Security Statue Book”(SGB IV) after its preparation for about 20 years. The range of insurance benefits was expanded by providing domiciliary care service and partial facility care service in 1995 and facility benefits such as facility wages for facility‘s residents in 1996. Moreover, 23 amendments were made for the German Care Insurance Related Act over the past quarter of the century. There were few amendments or additional legislation at the beginning of the introduction of the care insurance policy, however there were changes in Caring Service Amendment Act in 2002, which reflects changes in prices and realities over the time, along with the Insurance Rate Stabilization Act in 2003. 10 years after the insurance was implemented, the mid-term period was consistently improved but not fully reformed. After 20 years of implementation, consistent improvement led to 3 full reforms, the most prominent being the Care Support Act. In particular, the Act on Caring profession Reform, which took effect in 2018, integrated vocational education for senior citizens care and patients care. Under the Act on the Promotion of Care Workers, 13,000 additional proper personnel were prescribed for care facilities. The Care Work Evaluation (NBA) has changed from the “minutes care”- which included washing, dressing up, and eating - to a new evaluation module in 2017 which focuses on the degree of independence and its limitations and damages. The following study compares the development of Germany’s Care Insurance Related Law with Korea’s situation, especially focusing on wages and new evaluation modules. It also presents some policy alternatives.
김근홍(Kim, Keun-Hong),전광현(Jun, Kwang-Hyean) 한국지역사회복지학회 2011 한국지역사회복지학 Vol.0 No.38
1995년 세계최초로 사회보험 방식의 수발보험(Pflegeversicherung)을 도입한 독일에서 제도도입 이후 다양한 영역에서 문제점들이 도출되자 부분적 개혁들을 감당하다 지난 2008년에는 전면적 개혁을 진행한바 있다. 이에 본 연구는 노인들이 가족 구성원들의 보살핌과 수발을 받을 가능성이나 기회가 후기산업사회 이후 갈수록 악화되고 있다는 문제속에 인구학적 변화속에서 바라본 수발보험 개혁이 우리에게 보여줄 수 있는 시사점을 찾아보고자 하였다. 개혁에 따른 최근 동향들을 요약해 보면 지역공동체 안에 수발 기지를 마련하거나, 분단위 수발(Minutenpflege)에서 벗어나 수발대상자의 자립적 능력에 초점을 맞춘 수발제공을 위한 기준이 될 것이라는 것이다. 특히 도움을 필요로 하는 사람들을 지원하기 위한 구조적 전제조건을 위해서도 차질 없는 수발보험 제도 수행을 위해 국민적 합의전제가 필요하다는 점도 강조되고 있다. 따라서 우리보다 먼저 제도를 시행했고 개혁을 진행하고 있는 독일 모델들의 강점을 살펴보고 정부와 국민이 좀 더 장기적 관점에서 새로운 패러다임의 사회로 만들어 가는 중요한 정책이 된다는 자세로서 수발보험 제도의 현재 상황을 제대로 각인하는 방향을 도출해 보고자 하였다. In 1995, Germany established the first nursing care insurance in the world. Since then, German government has found its policy problems and partly improved them over a decade. Despite of the efforts, in 2008, German government had to wholly improve long-term care insurance due to unsolved problems. This study explores lessons from Germany’s 2008 long-term care insurance reform in social context of weakening family function of post-industrialized society; old-adults are no longer able to be cared by family members. In sum, Germany’s reform of long-term care insurance has essential features; emphasizing function of community by establishing community based nursing care base, focusing on providing service based on clients’ self-reliance than time-based service, and highlighting that long-term care insurance need to achieve national agreement in order for providing services to people in need. In this back ground, this paper investigates the current situation of Germany’s long-term care insurance reform focusing on its strength. By doing so, this paper tries to shed light on policy paradigm in long-term perspective which might help decide future policy direction to Korea’s nursing care insurance system.